Abstract Cystadenocarcinoma derived from the salivary gland in the head and neck region is an extremely rare malignancy. Therefore, the clinicopathological characteristics is not well understood. The ...purpose of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics, and present a total of four patients who were treated at the National Cancer Center Hospital East during the period between 1995 and 2012. The patients were all male, with ages ranging from 47 to 74 years old. The primary sites were the parotid glands, submandibular gland and minor salivary gland of the tongue. Within the follow-up period from 19 to 54 months, lymph node metastases were observed in three of the four patients. However, all the patients were salvaged by additional resection, including neck dissection, and remain alive to date without distant metastases. Cystadenocarcinoma is classified as a low-grade histological subtype of salivary gland tumors. Although the tumor has the potential to produce lymph node metastases, as shown in our patients, it is generally an indolent tumor with a good prognosis as compared with high-grade subtypes. This study suggests that a long-term follow up paying close attention to lymph node metastases is necessary for cystadenocarcinoma.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of salvage surgery after definitive chemoradiation for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
This was a retrospective cohort study. Of the 79 ...patients with previously untreated hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who received definitive chemoradiation from January 2004 to January 2009, 24 who had recurrence and underwent salvage surgery at the National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan, were enrolled in this study.
Of the 24 patients who underwent salvage surgery with curative intent, 13 had an isolated local failure, eight had an isolated neck failure and three had combined local and regional failure. Postoperative surgical complications were observed in eight (33.3%) patients. Of the 24 patients undergoing salvage surgery, 12 (50%) had recurrence. In 11 of these patients, death ensued from salvage failure, defined as the presence of any recurrence after salvage treatment. The causes of cancer-specific death ensuing from salvage failure were regional recurrence of the tumor (n = 6) (one of whom had concurrent distant metastases) and distant metastases alone (n = 5). No local recurrence after salvage surgery was observed in our group of patients. The disease-free and overall 24-month survival rates were 49.0 and 50.0%, respectively. Those patients who initially presented with unresectable disease had lower overall survival compared with those who initially presented with resectable disease (P = 0.0003).
The oncologic outcomes were acceptable in those patients in whom salvage surgery was carried out. Those who initially presented with unresectable disease had a poor prognosis.
Post-operative concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly improves the rates of locoregional control and disease-free survival in high-risk patients but has significant adverse effects. Percutaneous ...endoscopic gastrostomy and opioid-based pain control increase treatment completion rates but can result in dysphagia.
The rate and duration of use of prophylactically placed percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomies were evaluated in 43 patients who underwent post-operative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy from April 2007 through March 2010. All patients completed treatment and received 60 Gy or more of radiotherapy.
Thirty four of 43 patients (79.1%) used percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomies, which could later be removed in 25 of 34 patients. The median period of use was 108 days. Only one disease-free patient was permanently dependent on percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding. The frequency of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy use among patients with oral, oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer was 91.7, 100 and 54.5%, respectively.
Prolonged percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy use is not required in patients receiving post-operative chemoradiotherapy and will not lead to dysphagia.
Abstract Objective In cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma, the presence or absence of invasion into the circumferential organs is an important prognostic factor. Surgical procedures include ...circular resection of the trachea with end-to-end anastomosis and window resection with secondary closure. We have used window resection with secondary closure since 1993, and herein retrospectively analyze the treatment outcomes for this surgical procedure in order to determine the indications for procedure selection. Methods Subjects comprised 41 cases of invasion by differentiated thyroid carcinoma into the trachea, for which surgery was performed at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery of the National Cancer Center Hospital East from 1993 to 2007. The mean age was 65.7 ± 7.9 years, and the median length of the observation period was 43 months. There were 17 cases (41.4%) cases of secondary relapse. Results The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates for this surgical procedure were 78.9% and 74.5%, respectively, while the 5-year and 10-year local control rates were 92.4% and 73.4%, respectively. The pathological resection stump was positive in 27 cases (65.8%), but no significant differences in treatment outcome were observed between the stump-positive group and the stump-negative group. There were 26 cases in which closure of the tracheal fistula was performed by the time of observation. When the tracheal defect had a diameter equivalent to 7 rings of the trachea or less and a circumference half that of the tracheal cartilage or smaller, including partial cricoid cartilage, it was possible to perform closure with only a local flap. For larger defects, reconstruction was performed using hard tissues or materials, such as hydroxyapatite, titanium mesh, and costal cartilage. There were 2 cases that required re-window because of dyspnea after closure. Conclusion The treatment outcomes for this surgical procedure for invasive cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma into the trachea resulted in a low rate of local recurrence and similar survival rates as described in other reports. Even for cases of resection exceeding half the circumference of the trachea, closure of the tracheal fistula can be performed using hard tissues or materials; however, in such cases, we believe that closure should be attempted progressively in a two-stage reconstruction.
In the era of free-flap transfer, the pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap still plays a unique role in head and neck reconstruction. We report on a patient with a recurrent hypopharyngeal ...carcinoma after total pharyngolaryngectomy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in whom defects included a circumferential defect of the oropharynx and the entire tongue. The defects were successfully reconstructed with a T-shaped pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap whose skin island included multiple intercostal perforators from the internal mammary vessels. This flap design is effective for reconstructing circumferential pharyngeal defects in vessel-depleted neck.
In advanced head and neck cancer surgery with reconstructive surgery, perioperative management is important to complete the treatment and reduce perioperative complications. Patients with head and ...neck cancer often visit the hospital in a malnourished state due to difficulty with oral intake caused by malignant disease. Of 177 patients who underwent reconstructive surgery at our hospital between 2017 and 2018, 45 （25.4%） were assessed as undernourished preoperatively. In order to bring patients closer to an appropriate nutritional status, screening and preoperative nutritional intervention for the undernourished group is conducted by a multidisciplinary team. Perioperative management based on the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery （ERAS） program is recommended. In a questionnaire survey of head and neck cancer centers in Japan, 27 centers responded to the survey, confirming that many of the centers are carrying out exercise and swallowing rehabilitation and nutritional management. A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial is currently underway to evaluate the significance of steroid administration.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a well-recognized complication of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Previous reports support the concept that AKI associated with MCNS is reversible; however, ...information regarding the hemodynamic basis of AKI in MCNS is insufficient. We herein describe a case of AKI in a man with MCNS. In this case, monitoring the longitudinal changes in renal perfusion using serial Tc-99m-MAG3 renal scanning was beneficial for evaluating the pathophysiological background associated with the development of AKI. The potential impact of serial renal scanning in MCNS patients with AKI will also be discussed.
This study was conducted to assess local recurrence and clinical prognosis in patients diagnosed as having a positive margin in the epithelial layer after a partial glossectomy treated by close ...observation.
A total of 365 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue diagnosed as clinical Stage I or II, treated by partial glossectomy in the National Cancer Center Hospital East between 1992 and 2006, were studied retrospectively.
Pathological findings showed that 13 cases had positive margins in the epithelial layer, 4 (30.8%) of whom showed up with local recurrence in 4.4 years (3.0-5.0) on average. Lymph node recurrence was not observed and the 5-year overall survival rate was 76.2% in those 13 cases. The treatment for the recurrent cases was an additional partial glossectomy without neck dissection, which resulted in no recurrence and a survival rate of 100% after an average follow-up of 6.7 years.
We suggest careful observation as one option for cases diagnosed with epithelial positive margin.
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