The plasma membrane Ca
2+
-ATPase (PMCA) removes Ca
2+
from the cytosol into the extracellular space. Its catalytic activity can be stimulated by calmodulin (CaM) or by limited proteolysis. We ...evaluated the effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) over the hydrolytic activity of PMCA. Activity was monitored in three different forms: native, CaM-activated and proteolyzed by trypsin. CPZ appears to inhibit PMCA without directly interfering with the C-terminal site, since it is affected by CaM and proteolysis. Although the treatment of PMCA with trypsin and CaM produces an activation, it also produces an enzymatic form that is more sensitive to inhibition by CPZ. The same case was observed in the DMSO inhibition experiments. In the absence of CPZ, DMSO produces a progressive loss of activity, but in the presence of CPZ the profile of activity against DMSO changes and produces a recovery of activity, indicating a possible partition of CPZ by the solvent. Increasing Ca
2+
concentrations indicated that CPZ interacts with PMCA rather than with CaM. This observation is supported by docking analysis that suggests that the CPZ-PMCA interaction is non-competitive. We propose that CPZ interacts with the state of lower affinity for Ca
2 +
.
•Anti-thymocyte globulin was associated with a greater risk of cytomegalovirus in renal transplant patients.•Valganciclovir should be used to prevent the development of cytomegalovirus.•There was a ...low incidence of cytomegalovirus with basiliximab in renal transplant recipients.
In our population, anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) of 1 mg/Kg/day for 4 days is used; which permits not using valgancyclovir (VGC) prophylaxis in some renal transplant recipients (RTR) with moderate risk (R+), to reduce costs. This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk of developing cytomegalovirus (CMV), with or without prophylaxis, when exposed to low doses of ATG or basiliximab (BSL).
A retrospective cohort included 265 RTR with follow-up of 12 months. Prophylaxis was used in R-/D+ and some R+. Tacrolimus (TAC), mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone were used in all patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of CMV in RTR with or without VGC.
Cytomegalovirus was documented in 46 (17.3%) patients: 20 (43.5%) with CMV infection, and 26 (56.5%) with CMV disease. Anti-thymocyte globulin was used in 39 patients (85%): 32 R+, six D+/R-, and one D-/R-. ATG was used in 90% (27 of 30) of patients with CMV and without prophylaxis. The multivariate analysis showed an association of risk for CMV with the absence of prophylaxis (RR 2.29; 95% CI 1.08–4.86), ATG use (RR 3.7; 95% CI 1.50–9.13), TAC toxicity (RR 3.77; 95% CI 1.41–10.13), and lymphocytes at the sixth post-transplant month (RR 1.77; 95% CI 1.0–3.16).
Low doses of ATG favored the development of CMV and a lower survival free of CMV compared with BSL. In scenarios where resources for employing VGC are limited, BSL could be an acceptable strategy.
Minimization in immunosuppression could contribute to the appearance the donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) and graft failure. The objective was to compare the incidence of DSA in renal ...transplantation (RT) in recipients with immunosuppression with and without steroids. A prospective cohort from March 1st, 2013 to March 1st, 2014 and follow-up (1 year), ended in March 2015, was performed in living donor renal transplant (LDRT) recipients with immunosuppression and early steroid withdrawal (ESW) and compared with a control cohort (CC) of patients with steroid-sustained immunosuppression. All patients were negative cross-matched and for DSA pre-transplant. The regression model was used to associate the development of DSA antibodies and acute rejection (AR) in subjects with immunosuppressive regimens with and without steroids. Seventy-seven patients were included (30 ESW and 47 CC). The positivity of DSA class I (13% vs 2%; P < 0.05) and class II (17% vs 4%, P = 0.06) antibodies were higher in ESW versus CC. The ESW tended to predict DSA class II (RR 5.7; CI (0.93–34.5, P = 0.06). T-cell mediated rejection presented in 80% of patients with DSA class I (P = 0.07), and 86% with DSA II (P = 0.03), and was associated with DSA class II, (RR 7.23; CI (1.2–44), P = 0.03). ESW could favor the positivity of DSA. A most strictly monitoring the DSA is necessary for the early stages of the transplant to clarify the relationship between T-cell mediated rejection and DSA.
We report the discovery and characterisation of a super-Earth and a sub-Neptune transiting the bright (
K
= 8.8), quiet, and nearby (37 pc) M3V dwarf TOI-1266. We validate the planetary nature of ...TOI-1266 b and c using four sectors of TESS photometry and data from the newly-commissioned 1-m SAINT-EX telescope located in San Pedro Mártir (México). We also include additional ground-based follow-up photometry as well as high-resolution spectroscopy and high-angular imaging observations. The inner, larger planet has a radius of
R
= 2.37
−0.12
+0.16
R
⊕
and an orbital period of 10.9 days. The outer, smaller planet has a radius of
R
= 1.56
−0.13
+0.15
R
⊕
on an 18.8-day orbit. The data are found to be consistent with circular, co-planar and stable orbits that are weakly influenced by the 2:1 mean motion resonance. Our TTV analysis of the combined dataset enables model-independent constraints on the masses and eccentricities of the planets. We find planetary masses of
M
p
= 13.5
−9.0
+11.0
M
⊕
(<36.8
M
⊕
at 2-
σ
) for TOI-1266 b and 2.2
−1.5
+2.0
M
⊕
(<5.7
M
⊕
at 2-
σ
) for TOI-1266 c. We find small but non-zero orbital eccentricities of 0.09
−0.05
+0.06
(<0.21 at 2-
σ
) for TOI-1266 b and 0.04 ± 0.03 (< 0.10 at 2-
σ
) for TOI-1266 c. The equilibrium temperatures of both planets are of 413 ± 20 and 344 ± 16 K, respectively, assuming a null Bond albedo and uniform heat redistribution from the day-side to the night-side hemisphere. The host brightness and negligible activity combined with the planetary system architecture and favourable planet-to-star radii ratios makes TOI-1266 an exquisite system for a detailed characterisation.
It is essential that orthopaedic resident physicians be highly proficient in all aspects, considering the balance between supply, demand, need and context. Fundamental to identify the capacity and ...quality installed for their training in Mexico.
Observational Study, transverse, non-probabilistic sampling-conglomerates, in two phases. The instrument has 8 domains, 57 variables and 4,867 items. 60 graduate professors of 20 states, 50 hospital sites, 22 university programs.
1,038 years of experience (collective intelligence), 17 years of experience/teacher (01 to 50 years). Identified: acute pathology 30 (2 to 90%), chronic pathology 30 (5 to 96%), patients 15 years, 10 (3 to 30%), patients between 15 and 65 years, 47 (2 to 78%), patients 65 years, 20 (2 to 60%), number of beds/seat 20 (2 to 510), number of clinics 3 (1 to 48), number of surgical procedures/headquarters per year at the national level, was 960 (50 to 24,650). The national average per resident doctor is 362 surgeries/year with 1,450 surgical times/year.
The needs and resources for the training of physicians specializing in orthopedics/traumatology are highly heterogeneous, so it should be adapted to the epidemiological needs of the region of influence, in an area of epidemiological transition. 62.2% expressed not having or have bad academic and scientific infrastructure at its headquarters, more than 50% without rotation overseas and 90% without regular scientific production.
Se reportan los resultados de la cristalización de óxido cuproso (Cu2O) por el método de cristalización secundaria de sustratos de óxido de cobre policristalino en atmósfera de aire seco. El método ...consiste de dos etapas; en la primera se oxidan placas de cobre policristalino a 1020°C por algunas horas acorde con su espesor, en la segunda se promueve el crecimiento de los cristalitos por recocido térmico a temperaturas de ~1100°C por varias decenas de horas. Se estudió la cinética de crecimiento de los cristales, y las muestras de Cu2O se caracterizaron por difracción de rayos-X (DRX), espectroscópica Raman y fotoluminiscencia (FL) en función de las condiciones de cristalización. Los resultados de la caracterización por Raman y DRX indican que en las muestras sólo existe la fase Cu2O. Las mediciones de FL para el intervalo de temperaturas de 10 a 180K permitieron identificar las principales vías de recombinación radiativa. Además de la transicion excitónica X° en 610 nm se detectaron tres bandas en 720, 810 y 920 nm generadas por recombinación de excitones ligados en vacancias de cobre y oxígeno. Las transiciones generadas por recombinación de excitones ligados a vacancias se modifican de acuerdo a la duración del proceso de cristalización.
Cuprous oxide (Cu
2O) crystals were grown by the two-step crystallization method in air atmosphere conditions from polycrystalline thin copper foils. The method comprises two stages; in the first one ...the copper plates are oxidized at 1020
°C by some hours in line with its initial thickness. In the second stage, the growth of large crystalline areas is promoted by annealing the Cu
2O samples at 1100
°C for long periods. Raman scattering an X-ray measurements demonstrates the existence of the single-phase Cu
2O. The effects on the crystalline structure and photoluminescence (PL) response were studied as a function of the conditions used in the second stage of the synthesis method. PL spectra were taken from 10 to 180
K to define the main radiative recombination paths. Besides the near band excitonic transitions, two strong emission bands at 720 and 920
nm associated with relaxed excitons at oxygen and copper vacancies were detected. Both excitonic-vacancy bond transitions presented similar intensities that are related to the growth method. X-ray and Raman scattering measurements help to assess the samples crystalline quality.
PDF
