Introduction: Cervical cancer represents an important public health problem. It is the 4th most frequent neoplasm among women in Brazil. Its prevention is carried out in all women from 25 to 64 years ...old through cytopathological examination of the cervix, based on a screening that allows the detection of lesions and, thus, the early diagnosis of the disease. Objective: To analyze data regarding the coverage of the Pap smear test in women in the state of Pará, Brazil, and the factors related to not performing the test. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological study carried out with data collection from SISCAN and SISCOLO provided by DATASUS. Results: the total sample analyzed was 762,492 patients, among them, the search for disease screening was the main reason for performing it (95.9%); the age group with the highest achievement was 30 to 34 years old (13.33%). In situ and invasive adenocarcinoma subtypes were more prevalent between 40 and 44 years old (18.13% and 20.37%, respectively). Education level was ignored in 98.38%. The test was considered technically satisfactory in 94.71% of the samples and, among them, 39.40% did not have endocervical or metaplastic cells. Conclusion: the Pap test is the best method for tracking and preventing malignant neoplasms of the uterine cervix, directly impacting the epidemiological indices of the disease, due to its early recognition and treatment. Measures such as women's awareness of the subject, proper training of health professionals who carry out the collection, investment in health actions aimed at women and proper completion of notification forms on the platform are of paramount importance for improving the incidence and mortality rates of the cancer, especially in the North region, which has the highest rates in Brazil.
Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in the etiology of certain neurodegenerative disorders. Some of these disorders have been associated with unbalanced levels of essential fatty acids (EFA). ...The response of certain brain regions to OS, however, is not uniform and a selective vulnerability or resilience can occur. In our previous study on rat brains, we observed that a two-generation EFA dietary restriction reduced the number and size of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) rostro-dorso-medial. To understand whether OS contributes to this effect, we assessed the status of lipid peroxidation (LP) and anti-oxidant markers in both SN and corpus striatum (CS) of rats submitted to this dietary treatment for one (F1) or two (F2) generations. Wistar rats were raised from conception on control or experimental diets containing adequate or reduced levels of linoleic and α-linolenic fatty acids, respectively. LP was measured using the thiobarbituric acid reaction method (TBARS) and the total superoxide dismutase (t-SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymatic activities were assessed. The experimental diet significantly reduced the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels of SN phospholipids in the F1 (~28%) and F2 (~50%) groups. In F1 adult animals of the experimental group there was no LP in both SN and CS. Consistently, there was a significant increase in the t-SOD activity (p < 0.01) in both regions. In EF2 young animals, degeneration in dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neurons and a significant increase in LP (p < 0.01) and decrease in the CAT activity (p < 0.001) were detected in the SN, while no inter-group difference was found for these parameters in the CS. Conversely, a significant increase in t-SOD activity (p < 0.05) was detected in the CS of the experimental group compared to the control. The results show that unbalanced EFA dietary levels reduce the redox balance in the SN and reveal mechanisms of resilience in the CS under this stressful condition.
The difficulties of implementing palliative care Araújo, Mariângela Ferraz Rodrigues; Santos, Ana Paula Saldanha; Amorim, Andressa Jordânia Alves de ...
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science,
2022, Letnik:
9, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Palliative Joint Care (PC) is a set of palpable care practices that aim to prevent patients from increasing patients with diseases or a more advanced stage according to their disease. Care is ...provided by a multidisciplinary team, composed of nurses, nutritionists, nutritionists, doctors, whose purpose is to relieve autonomy, making what has one and the patient possible to prepare the death in their own way. The study aims to analyze the importance through qualitative data and what are the difficulties for the implementation of palliative care in the Adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU). It consists of a literature review, through a bibliographic survey, with an exploratory and relative approach, not on the physiotherapeutic performance in palliative care within the same Intensive Care (ICU) system, and how the environment among professionals is seen and graphic care multidisciplinary teams within hospitals. Realizing the importance of palliative care for critically ill patients, endorsing the phases of the patient's importance, was possible, in addition to the importance in this process. The prioritization of the patient's well-being in an intensive environment is always the focus of the treatment from the initial point, until its delivery, always maximizing its intention, psychological and physical health in a global way, where all the professionals involved are of paramount importance. with responsibility.
Decentralization and Humanization of Public Health Services e Silva, Marlene Simões; do Lago, Pamela Nery; Pinto, Carolina Costa ...
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science,
2022, Letnik:
9, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The public disservice in health has become part of the daily lives of citizens, even with public policies of humanization and decentralization of services, representing an exceptional milestone for ...Brazilian public health. Thus, this research will investigate the proposal for decentralization and humanization of services to users, in line with article 6 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil (1988), and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It consists of a bibliographic survey, in which it was investigated through the Virtual Library in Saúyde, in the SciELO, LILACS databases and in the national legislation portal, in which the laws, decrees and ordinances referring to the subject of the study were researched, since which aims to present a proposal for the decentralization and humanization of health services to users in Brazil. 17 publications were analyzed in full, which were suitable for the purpose of this review. The decentralization of health services in Brazil is an important advance, bringing autonomy to health regions and a more directed management towards the adequate allocation of public resources to health in the country. Despite the legal support, what is perceived in practice is still far from what was expected and there is a long way to go to reach the desired quality standard when it comes to humanization of care. It is concluded, then, that even if the current legislation, there is still an important path to be followed for the health services provided in our country, present the desired level of excellence.
Salmonellosis is a disease of great global importance worldwide in Foodborne Diseases (DTAs). In Brazil, Salmonella spp. it is the second major causative agent of disease involved in the outbreaks of ...DTAs, and the enteric species is the one that most affects humans through the consumption of contaminated water and food. After eating the food contaminated by the bacteria, it adheres, invades, replicates and causes damage to the host. The affected individual can be treated with antibiotics if he has an enteric fever, but in cases of gastroenteritis the use is not indicated. Thus, the prevention of salmonellos is of great relevance, since not all cases have symptoms or notification. The objective of this work was to carry out a literature review and address information on the forms of transmission, symptoms presented by the affected individuals, the foods involved, the pathogenicity, prophylactic measures and the importance in public health, of Salmonella spp., Since it is of knowledge of outbreaks is of great importance so that measures to monitor and control the disease are adopted.
La salmonelosis es un padecimiento de gran importancia mundial en enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos (DTAs). En Brasil, Salmonella spp. Es el segundo agente causante principal de enfermedades involucradas en los brotes de DTAs, y la especie entérica que más afecta a los humanos a través del consumo de agua y alimentos contaminados. Después de comer los alimentos contaminados por la bacteria, se adhiere, invade, replica y causa daño al huésped. El individuo afectado puede ser tratado con antibióticos si tiene fiebre entérica, pero en casos de gastroenteritis el uso no está indicado. Por lo tanto, la prevención de la salmonelosis es de gran relevancia, ya que no todos los casos tienen síntomas o notificación. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar la literatura y abordar la información sobre las formas de transmisión, los síntomas presentados por las personas afectadas, los alimentos involucrados, la patogenicidad, las medidas profilácticas y la importancia en la salud pública de Salmonella spp., Ya que el conocimiento de los brotes es de gran importancia para que se adopten medidas para controlar esta enfermedad.
A Salmonelose é uma enfermidade de grande importância mundial em Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTAs). No Brasil, a Salmonella spp. é o segundo maior agente causador de doença envolvida nos surtos de DTAs, sendo a espécie entérica a que mais acomete os seres humanos através do consumo de água e alimentos contaminados. Após a ingestão do alimento contaminado pela bactéria, esta faz adesão, invasão, se replica e provoca danos no hospedeiro. O indivíduo acometido pode ser tratado com uso de antibióticos caso apresente febre entérica, porém nos casos de gastroenterite o uso não é indicado. Dessa forma, a prevenção da salmonelose é de grande relevância, pois nem todos os casos há sintomatologia ou notificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura e abordar as informações sobre as formas de transmissão, sintomatologia apresentada pelos indivíduos acometidos, os alimentos envolvidos, a patogenicidade, medidas profiláticas e a importância na saúde pública, da Salmonella spp., visto que é de grande importância o conhecimento dos surtos para que assim, sejam adotadas medidas de monitoramento e controle da doença.
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