The variations in the chemical composition, and consequently, on the biological activity of the propolis, are associated with its type and geographic origin. Considering this fact, this study ...evaluated propolis extracts obtained by supercritical extraction (SCO2) and ethanolic extraction (EtOH), in eight samples of different types of propolis (red, green and brown), collected from different regions in Brazil. The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS), Artepillin C, p-coumaric acid and antimicrobial activity against two bacteria were determined for all extracts. For the EtOH extracts, the anti-proliferative activity regarding the cell lines of B16F10, were also evaluated. Amongst the samples evaluated, the red propolis from the Brazilian Northeast (states of Sergipe and Alagoas) showed the higher biological potential, as well as the larger content of antioxidant compounds. The best results were shown for the extracts obtained through the conventional extraction method (EtOH). However, the highest concentrations of Artepillin C and p-coumaric acid were identified in the extracts from SCO2, indicating a higher selectivity for the extraction of these compounds. It was verified that the composition and biological activity of the Brazilian propolis vary significantly, depending on the type of sample and geographical area of collection.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of this study was to determine the best processing conditions to extract Brazilian green propolis using a supercritical extraction technology. For this purpose, the influence of different ...parameters was evaluated such as S/F (solvent mass in relation to solute mass), percentage of co-solvent (1 and 2% ethanol), temperature (40 and 50°C) and pressure (250, 350 and 400 bar) using supercritical carbon dioxide. The Global Yield Isotherms (GYIs) were obtained through the evaluation of the yield, and the chemical composition of the extracts was also obtained in relation to the total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxicinnamic acid (Artepillin C) and acid 4-hydroxycinnamic (p-coumaric acid). The best results were identified at 50°C, 350 bar, 1% ethanol (co-solvent) and S/F of 110. These conditions, a content of 8.93±0.01 and 0.40±0.05 g/100 g of Artepillin C and p-coumaric acid, respectively, were identified indicating the efficiency of the extraction process. Despite of low yield of the process, the extracts obtained had high contents of relevant compounds, proving the viability of the process to obtain green propolis extracts with important biological applications due to the extracts composition.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Polygala boliviensis is found in the Brazilian semiarid region. This specie is little chemically and biologically studied. Polygala spp. have different metabolites, especially coumarins. Studies ...indicate that coumarins have antimalarial potential, denoting the importance of researching new active compounds from plants, since the resistance of Plasmodium strains to conventional therapy has increased. The present study aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of auraptene and poligalen against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Coumarins were isolated from P. boliviensis by open column chromatography and identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. A cytotoxicity assay was carried out using MTT test, and the in vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using the W2 strain. The antiplasmodial activity results found were IC
50
=0.171 ± 0.016 for auraptene and 0.164 ± 0.012 for poligalen; the selectivity indexes were 78.71 and 609.76, respectively. Inverse virtual screening in the BRAMMT database by OCTOPUS 1.2 was applied to coumarins to find potential P. falciparum targets and showed higher affinity energy of auraptene for purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PfPNP) and of poligalen for dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH). Molecular Dynamics studies (MD and MM-GBSA) approach were applied to calculate binding energies against selected P. falciparum targets and showed that all coumarins were stable at the binding site during simulations. Furthermore, energies were favorable for complexation. This is the first report of auraptene in P. boliviensis species and of in vitro antiplasmodial activity of auraptene and poligalen. In silico studies indicated that the mechanism of action of coumarins is the inhibition of PfPNP and PfDHODH.
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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•Identification and quantification using HPLC-DAD: rutin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and trans-ferulic acid.•Description of the interaction profiles of ...substances identified with respectives molecular targets.•Description of potential compounds on hipercloridrose problems, hypoxia with various metabolic disorders, diabetes and breast cancer.
In Brazil, the Asemeia genus has 19 species (12 endemic) and 2 varieties (both endemic) and some of them are found in semi-arid Bahia.
The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine identified substances by HPLC-DAD in Asemeia ovata extracts and to predict their biological activities in silico.
The quantification method by HPLC-DAD has been validated according to the guidelines of the International Conference of Harmonization. The prediction in silico activities was made by Target Fishing methods (TF), followed by docking by the program DOCK 6.7 and assessment of interaction profiles for Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler server.
It was possible to identify and quantify using HPLC-DAD substances: rutin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and trans-ferulic acid. The ChemProt 2.0 server was selected for TF method, which has shown potential activity of compounds on molecular targets such as Carbonic anhydrase 12, epidermal growth factor receptor and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2.
This work provides new results for the species both from a biological and chemical point of view, and has interesting potential to be discovered with the prospect of further studies.
The plants of the genus
Polygala
(Polygalaceae) are employed in folk medicine for the treatment of several pathologies, including disorders of the bowel and kidney, as anesthetic, expectorant and ...anti-inflammatory. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antiedematogenic and antinociceptive activities of methanolic extract of
Polygala boliviensis
A. W. Benn (MEPB) in mice. The antinociceptive activity of MEPB was evaluated using the writhing, formalin, and tail immersion tests. The carrageenan-induced paw edema test was used to assess the antiedematogenic activity of MEPB. Mice motor performance was evaluated in the rota rod and open field tests and the acute toxicity were evaluated over 14 days. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the fingerprint chromatogram of MEPB. Oral administration of MEPB (75- 600 mg/kg) reduced the number of writhing induced by acetic acid. In the formalin test, the oral pre-treatment with MEPB (75 - 600 mg/kg) produced a dose-related inhibition only of the late phase. MEPB (300 and 600 mg/kg) reduced the carrageenan-induced paw edema. In contrast, the treatment with MEPB (300 and 600 mg/kg) did not prevent the thermal nociception in the tail immersion test. MEPB (600 mg/kg)-treated mice did not show any motor performance alterations. Over the study duration of 14 days, there were no mortality or toxic signs recorded in the group mice given 6000 mg/kg of MEPB. The present study demonstrated, for the first time, the antinociceptive and antiedematogenic properties of
Polygala boliviensis
.
As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os cursos de graduação da saúde orientam para uma formação que promova o desenvolvimento intelectual e a capacitação permanente na busca da autonomia ...profissional. Este estudo objetivou discutir sobre as competências e habilidades orientadas pelas diretrizes para a formação de profissionais da saúde no contexto do SUS. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, do tipo bibliográfico. Os resultados apontam que as diretrizes orientam para uma formação que qualifique o profissional para o SUS, através de seis competências gerais que devem ser comuns a todos os profissionais da saúde. Atenção à saúde; tomada de decisões, com base em evidências científicas; comunicação; liderança, para o trabalho em equipe multiprofissional; administração e gerenciamento, e Educação Permanente. Considerou-se o despreparo de profissionais diante da complexidade do serviço e da subjetividade que toda prática de atenção à saúde exige, possibilitando discussões sobre a responsabilidade das escolas de saúde frente aos desafios do SUS. Considerou-se, que as DCNs e orientações emanadas por suas competências e habilidades gerais, incluídas nos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos, uma vez problematizadas e assumidas pela escola e articulados com o poder público, podem ser o caminho para uma real mudança no perfil dos profissionais da saúde no SUS.National Curriculum Guidelines and a Professional Training for SUSAbstract – The National Curricular Directives for health degree courses orient toward a forming that promotes the intellectual development and the permanent training in the search for professional autonomy. This study aimed to discuss about the competencies and skills guided by the Directives for the training of health professionals in the UHS context. It is a qualitative study of the bibliographical type. The results show that the directives orient toward a forming that qualifies the professional to the UHS through six general competencies that must be common to all healthcare professionals. Health care; decision taking, based on scientific evidence; communication; leadership, to work in multidisciplinary team; administration and management, and Continuing Education. We have considered the unpreparedness of professionals on the complexity of the service and subjectivity that any practice of health care demands, enabling discussions about the responsibility of health schools face the challenges of the UHS. We have considered that the DCNs and guidelines issued by their skills and general abilities, including the Pedagogic Projects of the Course, once problematized and assumed by the school and coordinated with the public administration, may be the way to real change in professional health profile in the UHS.
CURRENT PERSPECTIVES OF TELEDENTISTRY Figueredo, Antonio Rafael da Silva; Silveira, Paula Danielle da; Ferreira, Patrícia Barros ...
International Journal of Health Science,
03/2023, Letnik:
3, Številka:
15
Journal Article
Obesity is mainly caused by intake of a high-fat diet and sedentarism, and is considered a public health issue worldwide. Increased intestinal permeability may favour endotoxaemia generated by ...lipopolysaccharides, a substance present in the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and, consequently, an increase in systemic inflammation and metabolic diseases. In contrast (On the other hand), consumption of a healthy diet can help in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. In this way, chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.), rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, may present an anti-inflammatory role. In addition, chia is rich in antioxidants like caffeic and gallic acid and fiber. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between chia seeds, inflammatory mechanisms and intestinal permeability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the effects of chia administration on metabolism in obese mice. Swiss mice were fed a hyperlipidic diet either supplemented with or without 3% chia flour for 16 weeks. The results showed that supplementation could not reduce the deleterious effects of the lipid-rich diet in terms of body composition, glucose intolerance and activity of antioxidants enzymes in the liver. In addition, supplementation with chia in the control diet decreased the amount of occludin in the intestinal colon. In conclusion, although chia did not improve metabolic parameters it seemed to restore the intestinal barriers integrity. The beneficial effects of chia seem to be dependent of the quantity used, since our data conflict with those in the literature; however, it is important to note that other studies, unlike our protocol, used chia in the form of seeds or oil, and not flour.
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•Chia flour did not attenuate diet obese body weight gain.•Chia flour did not improve glucose intolerance.•Chia flour affected the intestinal barrier marker.
•The ethanolic extract was prepared from the leaves of P. insignis.•GC-MS analysis performed on the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves revealed the presence of 60 phytocompounds.•HPLC analysis ...identified the flavonoid catechin which justifies the anti-inflammatory effect of P. insignis in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Platonia insignis Mart., popularly known as bacuri, is a plant in which all its parts are indicated for use in folk medicine. The decoction of the seeds, for example, is used to treat diarrhea, while the oil from the seeds is used to treat skin diseases, otitis, rheumatism, arthritis, and cicatrization. The objective of this work was to perform a phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves and to evaluate the pharmacological action of the extract on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in rats. For the induction of ARDS, male rats were distributed into seven groups. The negative control group was submitted to ischemia and reperfusion but was not treated. The test groups were treated by inhalation with ethanolic extract of freeze-dried P. insignis leaves (500 mg/kg) and associations. Lung structural and inflammatory changes were evaluated by histological examination. The preliminary phytochemical screening found that the leaf extract contained alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenes. The GCMS– analysis verified that the extract presented 60 compounds, in which phytol (10.54%), gamma-sitosterol (9.88%), and hexadecanoic acid (9.84%) were the major compounds identified. Analysis by CLAE revealed the secondary metabolite catechin in the extract. Finally, the extract was able to stagnate the marked dilation of terminal and respiratory bronchioles and alveoli. The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of P. insignis leaves is a promising therapeutic option to treat ARDS.
Along with the discovery of new candidate molecules for pharmaceuticals, several studies have emerged showing different mechanisms of action and toxicological aspects. 3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-4- ...(2-nitrophenyl)4,11-dihydro-1 H-pyrido 2,3-b 1,5 benzodiazepine (JM-20) is a hybrid molecule. It is derived from 1,5-benzodiazepines and structurally differentiated by the addition of 1,4-dihydropyridine bonded to the benzodiazepine ring. This gives this molecule potential neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anxiolytic activity. As this is a promising multi-target molecule, further studies are necessary to improve the knowledge about its mechanism of action. In our study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to investigate the effects of chronic treatment with JM-20. Nematodes from the wild-type strain (N2) were treated chronically at different concentrations of JM-20. Our results show that JM-20 does not cause mortality, but higher concentrations can delay the development of worms after 48 h exposure. We assessed basic behaviors in the worm, and our data demonstrate decreased defecation cycle. Our results suggest that JM-20 acts on the C. elegans GABAergic system because GABA neurotransmission is associated with the worm intestine. We also observed increased locomotor activity and decreased egg-laying after JM-20 treatment. When both behaviors were evaluated in mutants with have reduced levels of GABA (unc-25), this effect is no observed, suggesting the GABAergic modulation. Still, the JM-20 exert similar effect of Diazepam in basic behaviors observed. To reinforce neuromodulatory action, computational analysis was performed, and results showed a JM-20 binding on allosteric sites of nematodes GABA receptors. Overall, this work provided a better understanding of the effects of JM-20 in C. elegans as well as showed the effects of this new molecule on the GABAergic system in this animal model.
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