Objetivo: investigar la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas y factores asociados con el uso de respiradores N95 en profesionales de la salud de Brasil. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 11.368 ...profesionales de la salud en el que se empleó un método de muestreo dirigido por encuestados adaptado para entornos en línea. Se ejecutaron análisis univariados y multivariados para investigar la asociación entre la variable “lesiones cutáneas por utilizar respiradores N95” y sexo, categoría profesional, lugar de trabajo, capacitación, diagnóstico de COVID-19 y disponibilidad de suficiente provisión de Equipo de Protección Personal de buena calidad. Resultados: la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas fue del 61,8%. Las mujeres fueron 1,203 veces (IC 95%: 1,154-1,255) más propensas a desarrollar lesiones que los hombres. La probabilidad de lesiones cutáneas en psicólogos (RP=0,805; IC 95%: 0,678-0,956) y dentistas (RP=0,884; IC 95%: 0,788-0,992) fue menor en comparación con la encontrada en los profesionales de Enfermería. Los profesionales con diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19 y que trabajan en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos son más propensos a sufrir lesiones cutáneas (RP=1,074; IC 95%: 1,042-1,107); (RP=1,203; IC 95%: 1,168-1,241), respectivamente, Conclusión: la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas causadas por utilizar respiradores N95 fue del 61,8% y estuvo asociada al sexo femenino, a la categoría profesional, al lugar de trabajo, a la capacitación, a diagnóstico de COVID-19 y a la disponibilidad de suficiente provisión de Equipo de Protección Personal de buena calidad.
Objetivo: investigar a prevalência de lesões de pele e fatores associados ao uso de respiradores N95 entre profissionais de saúde no Brasil. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 11.368 profissionais de saúde por meio de um método de amostragem dirigido por respondentes adaptado para ambientes online. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram realizadas para investigar a associação entre a variável “lesão de pele com uso de respirador N95” e sexo, categoria profissional, local de trabalho, treinamento, diagnóstico de COVID-19 e disponibilidade suficiente de equipamentos de proteção individual de qualidade. Resultados: a prevalência de lesões cutâneas foi de 61,8%. As mulheres foram 1,203 vezes (IC 95%: 1.154-1.255) mais propensas a desenvolver uma lesão do que os homens. As chances de lesão de pele em psicólogos (RP=0,805; IC 95%: 0,678-0,956) e dentistas (RP=0,884; IC 95%: 0,788-0,992) foram menores quando comparados aos profissionais de Enfermagem. Profissionais com diagnóstico positivo para COVID-19 e que trabalham em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos têm maior chance de apresentar lesões de pele (RP=1,074; IC 95%: 1,042-1,107); (RP=1,203; IC 95%: 1,168- 1,241), respectivamente. Conclusão: a prevalência de lesões de pele causadas pelo uso do respirador N95 foi de 61,8% e esteve associada ao sexo feminino, categoria profissional, local de trabalho, treinamento, diagnóstico de COVID-19 e disponibilidade suficiente de equipamentos de proteção individual de qualidade.
Objective: to investigate the prevalence of skin lesions and factors associated with the use of N95 respirators among health professionals in Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 11,368 health professionals using a respondent-driven sampling method adapted for online environments. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between the “skin lesions with the use of N95 respirators” variable and gender, professional category, workplace, training, COVID-19 diagnosis, and availability of sufficient and high-quality Personal Protective Equipment. Results: the prevalence of skin lesions was 61.8%. Women were 1.203 times (95% CI: 1.154-1.255) more likely to develop a lesion than men. The chances of skin lesions in psychologists (PR=0.805; 95% CI: 0.678-0.956) and dentists (PR=0.884; 95% CI: 0.788-0.992), were lower when compared to Nursing professionals. Professionals with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis and working in the Intensive Care Unit have an increased chance of presenting skin lesions (PR=1.074; 95% CI: 1.042-1.107); (PR=1.203; 95% CI: 1.168-1.241), respectively. Conclusion: the prevalence of skin lesions caused by the use of N95 respirators was 61.8% and was associated with female gender, professional category, workplace, training, COVID-19 diagnosis, and availability of sufficient and highquality Personal Protective Equipment.
Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre as interações entre crianças de cinco e seis anos de idade no ambiente de uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil (EMEI), em Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais ...(Brasil). O foco definido foram as ações que almejavam a criação de vínculos, apontando as estratégias utilizadas pelas crianças para obter acesso e permanência nos grupos de pares. Para este estudo optou-se por um referencial teórico multidisciplinar embasado em estudos contemporâneos sobre a Infância e a Educação Infantil, com destaque para a Sociologia da Infância e Psicologia Social. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa tendo como principais instrumentos a observação participante do grupo de crianças, com registros em diário de campo e videogravação; e entrevista semiestruturada com a professora do grupo. A análise das informações evidenciou forte relação entre o espaço e artefatos disponíveis e o modo como as crianças se organizavam em grupos mais ou menos estáveis. Destacaram-se também as estratégias de pedido/convite e interferência como principais ações para entrada no grupo de pares e diálogo e cooperação como principais estratégias de permanência. A estratégia de ajuda foi percebida em ambas as categorias. Foi identificado também que na perspectiva das crianças pesquisadas, se integrar em um grupo significava ser amigo dos participantes.
Objetivo: desvelar a percepção das mulheres sobre o acesso aos serviços de saúde como ferramenta do processo de ressocialização. Método: trata-se de um estudo fenomenológico-sociológico, qualitativo, ...realizado entre novembro de 2018 e novembro de 2019, com 10 mulheres de um estabelecimento prisional feminino de Maceió, Alagoas. Resultados: as participantes possuíam de 22 a 54 anos, ensino fundamental incompleto, pardas, solteiras, já haviam vivenciado a maternidade. Emergiram duas categorias temáticas: percepções do acesso aos serviços de saúde: a invisibilidade das mulheres e acesso aos serviços de saúde como uma ferramenta de ressocialização: elos dilacerados e Trabalho e Educação como alternativa de Fuga do esquecimento, ociosidade e solidão. Conclusão: evidenciou-se a percepção de invisibilidade das mulheres privadas de liberdade e desvinculação do acesso aos serviços de saúde como ferramenta do processo de ressocialização.
This study aimed to identify factors associated with the hardy personality in health professionals working in hospital services that treat critically ill patients. This is an epidemiological, ...cross-sectional, and analytical study conducted with 469 health professionals. We used the Hardiness Scale (HS), coupled with a questionnaire to investigate sociodemographic, occupational, and health conditions. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the multiple model through multiple logistic regression, using the Hosmer-Lemeshow and PseudoR2 tests, estimating odds ratios. The classification of total scores in HS showed prevailing moderate hardiness (48.4%). Professionals with a fair or poor fantastic lifestyle (FL) were 74% less likely to show high hardiness than those with very good and excellent FL. Also, professionals who were not on leave, who had high satisfaction with compassion at work, low stress, and low burnout were more likely to show high hardiness. The hardy personality, directly and indirectly, influences the health and well-being of health professionals working in hospital services that treat critically ill patients.
Aim
To compare a gel made with chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) with a cream of urea as an intervention to delay the time to occurrence of radiation dermatitis.
Background
Radiation dermatitis is one ...of the most common adverse effects of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. It is characterized by erythema, itching, pain, skin breakage and burning sensation, and there is no consensus on how to prevent it.
Design
The study is a randomized controlled clinical trial.
Methods
We will recruit 48 individuals with head and neck cancer who will be starting their radiotherapy and randomize them to receive either gel of chamomile or cream of urea, as an intervention for prevention of radiation dermatitis. Social‐demographic data will be collected at baseline, and clinical data will be collected before the initiation of radiotherapy. Participants will be followed weekly to assess development of radiation dermatitis. The protocol is funded by Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico (Brazil). The study was approved by a research ethics committee.
Discussion
Given the clinical relevance of preventing radiation dermatitis and the lack of evidence supporting specific preventive interventions, it is important to study new products that might be efficacious to prevent this complication. This article presents the protocol of a randomized controlled trial comparing a gel made with chamomile (intervention) with a cream of urea (control) to prevent radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy.
Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of ...resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes.
to identify the functional capacity of older people based on their performance on basic activities of daily living.
a cross-sectional study, carried out through the record of the Family Health teams ...working in the urban area of a city in northern Minas Gerais, in 2015. To assess the functional capacity of 373 older people, the Katz Scale was applied, which includes dimensions on the performance of daily living activities. The interviews took place in the participants' households.
of the total participants, 6.9% had some degree of dependence. Those aged over 80 years old and were living without a partner had about three times more chances of presenting higher levels of functional dependence.
most older people enrolled in a Family Health Strategy had their functional capacity preserved.
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common diseases worldwide and
Escherichia coli
is the most common causative bacteria. Empirical treatment is challenging due to antimicrobial or ...multidrug-resistance. The aims of this study were to determine the uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, as well as to identify the phylogroups and virulence genes of
E. coli
strains, associated with community-acquired UTI in outpatients admitted at a Brazilian Hospital in southeast Brazil. In total, 47 bacterial strains were isolated from 47 patients, 44 women and 2 men (no gender record from one patient). The age of the patients whose urine culture were positive varied from 0 (less than one month) to 104 years. Most of the isolates were
E. coli
(41/47), followed by
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(2/47),
Klebsiella variicola/Klebsiella aerogenes
(1/47),
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(1/47),
Proteus mirabilis
(1/47), and
Citrobacter koseri
(1/47). Most
E. coli
strains were classified as phylogroup B2 (15/41 = 36.59%) and B1 (12/41 = 29.27%) and the most common virulence genes among
E. coli
strains were
fimH
(31/41 = 75.61%),
iutA
(21/41 = 51.22%), and
tratT
(16/41 = 39.02%). Among the
E. coli
strains, 59% were multidrug-resistance and strains that were ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, or tetracycline-resistant exhibited more chance to be multidrug-resistance, with an odds ratio of 100.00 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.44–1059.26, 22.50 (95% CI 3.95–128.30), and 12.83 (95% CI 2.68–61.45), respectively. Our results showed that
E. coli
was the main etiological agent identified and demonstrated high frequency of multidrug-resistance and virulence factors in bacterial strains isolated from UTIs.
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic presented important challenges for the education of nursing students to provide health care with competence, quality, and safety.
Objectives
The purpose was to ...analyze knowledge, behavior, and perception of risk regarding COVID-19 and associated factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2637 Brazilian undergraduate nursing students using a self-reported online survey.
Results
Students' knowledge about COVID-19 in general was considered inadequate. Students had limited knowledge about preventive measures in the hospital environment and recommendations for aerosol precautions. More than 90% of graduates adopted recommended prevention measures, and 86.1% perceived themselves to be at a greater risk of acquired SARS-CoV-2 during clinical practice.
Conclusions
The results show the need to rethink undergraduate nursing education regarding the prevention and control of infectious diseases, including the most appropriate strategies for COVID-19 prevention measures.
to identify factors associated to the dependence of older adults with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Method: analytical and epidemiological study with 99 older adults. The Brazilian Multidimensional ...Functional Assessment Questionnaire and a questionnaire composed by socio-demographic and clinical variables were used. The independent variables were described and compared to the level of dependence obtained by the chi-square test or the Fisher test, the strength of association was estimated by Odds Ratio and multiple regression.
the level of dependence prevailed in 79.8% of the sample. Higher chances of dependence were associated to: cutting toenails; performing household chores; presenting geriatric problems; urinary incontinence; time of diagnosis of diabetes; falls in the past year; and physical inactivity.
considering the positive association of diabetes mellitus to the increased chance of dependence among older adults, there is need for direction and adoption of effective measures to ensure the functionality and quality of life of older adults with diabetes mellitus in a fair and democratic way.
PDF
