Global narratives underscore that economic growth can often coincide with reductions in poverty and inequality. However, the experiences of several countries over recent decades confirm that ...inequality can widen or narrow in response to policy choices and independent of economic growth. This paper analyses five country cases, Brazil, Cambodia, Mali, Peru and Tanzania. These countries are the most successful in reducing inequality and poverty while growing robustly for at least a decade since the early 2000 s. The paper assesses how good macroeconomic management, sectoral reform, the strengthening of safety nets, responses to external shocks, and initial conditions all chip away at inequality and support broad growth. Sustained and robust economic growth with strong poverty and inequality reductions are possible across very different contexts and policy choices. The comparative analysis also identifies common building blocks toward success and warns that hard-earned achievements can be easily overturned.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
2.
Slovenia Mrak, Mojmir; Rojec, Matija; Silva-Jauregui, Carlos
2004, 03-01-2004, 20040101
eBook, Book
Odprti dostop
Slovenia has been undergoing a three-fold transition: (i) from command to market economy; (ii) from regional to national economy; and (iii) from being a part of Socialist Federative Republic of ...Yugoslavia to joining the European Union. The main objective of the book is to analyze Slovenia’s three-fold transition and to contribute towards filling the obvious gap in the literature on this subject. The book provides an overview of most important developments faced by Slovenia during its more than a decade of transition and discusses main challenges that are expected in the years to come. Interdisciplinary in its character, the book focuses on socio-economic and political segments of the country’s transition, and integrates them into the existing pool of knowledge on the transition process.. The book contains 24 chapters written by various authors, many of them key policy makers from Slovenia that have been involved in the design and implementation of critical reforms, and by scholars from within Slovenia and abroad.. The chapters are grouped into three thematic parts: (i) Slovenia’s road towards political and economic independence; (ii) the Slovenian way of socio-economic transformation; and (iii) the quest for EU membership.
Introducción: Diversas patologías requieren de tratamiento anticoagulante oral (TACO). Algunos de estos pacientes requieren resolución quirúrgica. El manejo perioperatorio de estos pacientes es ...variable dependiendo del centro.Objetivos: Evaluar la morbilidad y mortalidad del protocolo de manejo de patología herniaria en TACO, atendidos en nuestro hospital.Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo prospectivo de 37 pacientes sometidos a cirugía herniaria en TACO entre 2008-2016. Los datos fueron obtenidos de la base de datos computacional del Equipo de Hernias, con un seguimiento mínimo de 1 mes. Se evaluaron las características clínicas, quirúrgicas y la morbimortalidad postoperatoria. El traslape consistió en hospitalizar al paciente tres días previos a la cirugía, suspendiéndose el TACO e iniciando heparina de bajo peso molecular (HBPM) en dosis terapéuticas, que se suspende 24 horas previas a la cirugía. Se reinicia la HPBM a las 12 a 24 horas postoperatorias, y se inicia el traslape a TACO a las 24 – 48 horas. Los datos fueron analizados con Stata v14.Resultados: De los 37 pacientes estudiados, veintiséis pacientes fueron hombres (70,2%), la media de edad fue de 67,3 años. El 48,7% tenían fibrilación auricular. El 100% consumía acenocumarol como TACO. La media en el inicio del traslape a la anticoagulación oral fue de 1,4 días. El promedio de INR al momento del alta fue de 2,04. Dos pacientes fueron dados de alta con dalteparina. Un paciente (2,7%), presentó dolor en el postoperatorio inmediato y uno (2,7%), equimosis del sitio quirúrgico.Conclusiones: El protocolo de trabajo utilizado, demostró ser seguro, con una mínima morbilidad postoperatoria.
Coloniality at Large Moraña, Mabel; Dussel, Enriqué; Jáuregui, Carlos A
07/2008
eBook
Postcolonial theory has developed mainly in the U.S. academy, and it has focused chiefly on nineteenth-century and twentieth-century colonization and decolonization processes in Asia, Africa, the ...Middle East, and the Caribbean. Colonialism in Latin America originated centuries earlier, in the transoceanic adventures from which European modernity itself was born. Coloniality at Large brings together classic and new reflections on the theoretical implications of colonialism in Latin America. By pointing out its particular characteristics, the contributors highlight some of the philosophical and ideological blind spots of contemporary postcolonial theory as they offer a thorough analysis of that theory’s applicability to Latin America’s past and present.Written by internationally renowned scholars based in Latin America, the United States, and Europe, the essays reflect multiple disciplinary and ideological perspectives. Some are translated into English for the first time. The collection includes theoretical reflections, literary criticism, and historical and ethnographic case studies focused on Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Brazil, the Andes, and the Caribbean. Contributors examine the relation of Marxist thought, dependency theory, and liberation theology to Latin Americans’ experience of and resistance to coloniality, and they emphasize the critique of Occidentalism and modernity as central to any understanding of the colonial project. Analyzing the many ways that Latin Americans have resisted imperialism and sought emancipation and sovereignty over several centuries, they delve into topics including violence, identity, otherness, memory, heterogeneity, and language. Contributors also explore Latin American intellectuals’ ambivalence about, or objections to, the “post” in postcolonial; to many, globalization and neoliberalism are the contemporary guises of colonialism in Latin America.Contributors: Arturo Arias, Gordon Brotherston, Santiago Castro-Gómez, Sara Castro-Klaren, Amaryll Chanady, Fernando Coronil, Román de la Campa, Enrique Dussel, Ramón Grosfoguel, Russell G. Hamilton, Peter Hulme, Carlos A. Jáuregui, Michael Löwy, Nelson Maldonado-Torres, José Antonio Mazzotti, Eduardo Mendieta, Walter D. Mignolo, Mario Roberto Morales, Mabel Moraña, Mary Louise Pratt, Aníbal Quijano, José Rabasa, Elzbieta Sklodowska, Catherine E. Walsh
RésuméL’analyse faite dans cet article aide à comprendre les progrès dans les réformes et le développement du secteur privé au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique du Nord. Elle montre le rôle critique joué ...par les relations entre l’État et le secteur privé dans la détermination des progrès dans les réformes et leur impact sur le développement du secteur privé. La nature autoritaire des régimes politiques et l’existence d’importantes rentes pétrolières ainsi que d’autres rentes, et de conflits dans une moindre mesure, ont été les facteurs majeurs qui ont façonné la nature, l’envergure et la vitesse des réformes.
Evaluation du rôle critique joué par les relations entre l'Etat et le secteur privé dans le progrès des réformes en Afrique du Nord et au Moyen-Orient. La nature autoritaire des régimes politiques et ...l'existence de rentes pétrolières, et dans une moindre mesure de conflits, ont été les principaux facteurs qui ont façonné l'envergure et la vitesse des réformes. Reproduced by permission of Bibliothèque de Sciences Po
Despite recent gains, the development challenges of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remain formidable. Job creation remains the most important one given the magnitude of its ...demographic transition and the seventy million people that are expected to seek employment opportunities in the next twenty years. Four reports published by the MENA region of the World Bank in 2003-04 spelled out the state of reforms and the fundamental transitions needed in the MENA economies to move to higher and more sustainable sources of growth and job creation. The reports identified three critical realignments or transitions: (i) from public sector-dominated to private sector-led economies; (ii) from closed to more open economies; and (iii) from oil-dominated and volatile economies to more stable and diversified economies. The reform agenda for MENA remains large. In this paper, we assess and attempt to explain the progress or lack thereof achieved in economic reforms in the MENA region. In order to be more specific and limit the scope of the paper we focus on the dimensions of economic reforms which are related to the first transition mentioned above: the development of a dynamic private sector. The importance of the employment challenges makes the development of a competitive private sector to become the lead engine for more productive growth and employment creation a central concern. In a sense, private sector development can be seen as symptomatic of the process of reforms taking place in MENA. Hence, from this angle, we analyze reforms in the region and their prospects.
Despite recent gains, the development challenges of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remain formidable. Job creation remains the most important one given the magnitude of its ...demographic transition and the seventy million people that are expected to seek employment opportunities in the next twenty years. Four reports published by the MENA region of the World Bank in 2003-04 spelled out the state of reforms and the fundamental transitions needed in the MENA economies to move to higher and more sustainable sources of growth and job creation. The reports identified three critical realignments or transitions: (i) from public sector-dominated to private sector-led economies; (ii) from closed to more open economies; and (iii) from oil-dominated and volatile economies to more stable and diversified economies. The reform agenda for MENA remains large. In this paper, we assess and attempt to explain the progress or lack thereof achieved in economic reforms in the MENA region. In order to be more specific and limit the scope of the paper we focus on the dimensions of economic reforms which are related to the first transition mentioned above: the development of a dynamic private sector. The importance of the employment challenges makes the development of a competitive private sector to become the lead engine for more productive growth and employment creation a central concern. In a sense, private sector development can be seen as symptomatic of the process of reforms taking place in MENA. Hence, from this angle, we analyze reforms in the region and their prospects.
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