Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar de que maneira os egressos de diferentes perfis sociodemográficos e culturais avaliam suas experiências de formação na Universidade Federal de São Paulo ...(Unifesp) e as relacionam ao seu crescimento individual. Para tanto, investiga a existência de associação entre características pessoais de ex-alunos a fatores como desenvolvimento da atividade profissional na área de formação, facilidade de obter emprego, nível salarial e continuidade dos estudos. Foi aplicado um questionário online, com link de acesso enviado por e-mail aos egressos dos cursos de graduação, entre os meses de abril e agosto de 2020, sendo obtidas 1.795 respostas. Além dessa consulta, foi utilizado também o coeficiente de rendimento acadêmico acumulado de cada respondente até o final de seu curso, informação extraída do sistema de registro acadêmico da instituição. Com o intuito de verificar o efeito da passagem pela universidade em diferentes grupos de indivíduos, foi elaborado um indicador para diferenciar os egressos segundo seu pertencimento étnico-racial e a experiência prévia de gerações ascendentes na educação superior. Para o tratamento dos dados, efetuou-se análise fatorial exploratória do questionário de avaliação do curso e testes de Qui-quadrado para mensurar a relação entre variáveis qualitativas. Os principais resultados indicam que as experiências na Unifesp foram positivamente qualificadas e tiveram influência na trajetória pessoal e profissional dos egressos, persistindo, contudo, desigualdades no que se refere à facilidade para se empregar, ao aumento da faixa de renda e à continuidade dos estudos, a depender do pertencimento étnico-racial e da experiência prévia de gerações ascendentes na educação superior.
Among the abiotic stresses that can affect the growth and development of the crop, drought is considered one of the main factors that can reduce the global food production. The goal of this study was ...to analyze the effect of drought stress on several morphological and physiological parameters in ten traditional upland rice varieties. The experimental design set up in a factorial scheme 10 x 2 (varieties x treatments) with four replicates under greenhouse conditions. At the start of the reproductive stage, rice varieties were submitted to control and drought conditions during 30 days and evaluated for physiological and morphological parameters. Rice varieties were considered as tolerant and susceptible to drought stress based on the classification proposed by five different stress tolerance indices (SSI, TOL, SSSI, DYI and DTE). The results suggest that the adopted indices associated with multivariate analysis from the parameters analyzed are efficient to discriminate between tolerant and susceptible rice varieties to the drought stress. Catetao and Piaui were considered as the most tolerant, while Quebra Cacho and Mira were the most susceptible. The analysis of morphological and physiological parameters through multivariate analyses revealed as an important tool to assist breeders in the identification of tolerant and susceptible varieties and to characterize how the varieties alter their metabolism to withstand the drought stress.
O objetivo foi analisar a influência das características empreendedoras e treinamentoempreendedor na intenção empreendedora de estudantes universitários. A pesquisa foidescritiva, com abordagem ...quantitativa, procedimentos estatísticos e delineamentotransversal, com amostra composta por 403 estudantes universitários de todos os cursos degraduação da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – Campus Francisco Beltrão – PR.A análise de regressão multivariada permitiu analisar a influência proposta no modeloconfirmatório, explicando 47,3% e 25,6% da sua variância. Estes resultados se relacionamcom o interesse crescente na formação para o empreendedorismo, expresso por políticas,instituições de ensino superior e estudantes. Contribuições sociais são expressas nasvariáveis socioambientais presentes na característica empreendedora e na intenção deempreender. A originalidade do estudo consiste na aplicação do modelo internacionaladaptado de Küttim et al. (2014) e Adekiya e Ibrahim (2016) no contexto brasileiro.Demonstrou-se que a característica empreendedora contribui para o desenvolvimento dasintenções empreendedoras dos alunos. Verificou-se que a participação na formação emâmbito de treinamento para o empreendedor exerce um impacto positivo nas intençõesempreendedoras.
Root system architecture plays a fundamental role in the adaptation of rice to environments subjected to abiotic stresses. This study aimed to characterize the root architecture and morphology of two ...Brazilian upland rice varieties which display contrasting behavior towards drought tolerance: the tolerant Catetão and susceptible Mira varieties. Two experiments were carried out under greenhouse and growth chamber conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme (varieties × drought stress conditions) with four replicates. Rice varieties were subjected to control and drought conditions for 14 days. Drought stress was applied either by withholding water until the desirable soil tension was achieved or by addition of 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) to the nutritive solution. After harvest, the dry weight, root architecture, as well as physiological and root features were assessed. Under drought stress, a higher root biomass was recorded in Catetão compared to Mira. A higher ratio of deep rooting (RDR) was observed for Catetão, while Mira remained stable in response to drought stress. The evaluated physiological features showed that the Catetão variety is less likely to compromise membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation during drought stress. Moreover, analyzed root features exhibited a significant increase in lateral root emission and root density for Catetão in response to drought treatment, which may be considered an important feature when selecting for superior genotypes.
•Reduction of OsA2 expression affects N concentration under low NO3− levels.•PM H+-ATPase OsA2 affects rice grain production and SPAD values.•OsA2 silencing via amiRNA decreases PM H+-ATPase ...activity.
The plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3.) is a key component involved in nutrient uptake. There are 10 PM H+-ATPase isoforms in the rice genome (OsA1–OsA10), and OsA2 is highly responsive to nitrate (NO3−). We investigated the role that the OsA2 isoform plays in the total N and growth of rice (Oryza sativa). By the use of artificial microRNA, mutant osa2 rice lines presented ∼70 % downregulated levels of OsA2. Three osa2 lines and control plants (transformed with an empty IRS154 vector and named IRS) were cultivated in the greenhouse to evaluate grain and shoot production. For hydroponic experiments, the same lines were grown in Hoagland solution under two different NO3− levels for 30 days – 0.2 mM NO3−-N (low N) or 2.0 mM NO3−-N (sufficient N) – or were grown for three days without NO3− (starvation) after 27 days under 2.0 mM NO3−-N. In the greenhouse experiments, compared with the IRS plants, the osa2 lines had lower shoot fresh weights, grain yields and SPAD values. Moreover, compared with the IRS plants, the three osa2 lines grown hydroponically under low NO3− levels had lower N concentration and net flux of NO3−. PM H+-ATPase activity was lower in the osa2 mutants than in the IRS plants. The relatively low N concentration in the osa2 lines was not due to lower expression of OsNRT2.1, OsNRT2.2, or OsNAR2.1. These results indicate that the specific PM H+-ATPase isoform OsA2 affects the net flux of NO3−, N concentration, and grain yield.
Diseases caused by melanized fungi include mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. This broad clinical spectrum depends on the dynamic interactions between etiologic agent and host. The ...immune status of the host influences on the development of the disease, as, an exemple. phaeohyphomicosis is more frequently observed in immunocompromised patients.
Examine the histological inflammatory response induced by Fonsecaea pedrosoi in several different strains of mice (BALB/c, C57BL/6, Nude and SCID, and reconstituted Nude).
Fonsecaea pedrosoi was cultivated on agar gel and a fragment of this gel was implanted subcutaneously in the abdominal region of female adult mice. After infection has been obtained, tissue fragment was studied histopathologically.
There were significant changes across the strains, with the nodular lesion more persistent in Nude and SCID mice, whereas in immunocompetent mice the lesion progressed to ulceration and healing. The histopathological analysis showed a significant acute inflammatory reaction which consisted mainly of neutrophils in the initial phase that was subsequently followed by a tuberculoid type granuloma in immunocompetent mice.
There is no a suitable animal model for chromoblastomycosis.
The neutrophilic infiltration had an important role in the containment of infection to prevent fungal spreading, including in immunodeficient mice. The fungal elimination was dependent on T lymphocytes. The re-exposure of C57BL/6 mice to Fonsecaea pedrosoi caused a delay in resolving the infection, and appearance of muriform cells, which may indicate that re-exposure to fungi, might lead to chronicity of infection.
Three new cases of reactivation of Chagas' disease in patients with AIDS, with central nervous system and/or cardiac involvement, are reported. One patient had histological evidence of acute ...esophageal and gastric Trypanosoma cruzi myositis, a previously unrecognized finding in patients with reactivated Chagas' disease. The patients had a low CD4 lymphocyte count and had other AIDS-defining opportunistic infections. One patient's condition improved with benznidazole therapy. Analysis of these three cases and review of the 13 others published in the literature revealed that the central nervous system is the most commonly involved site (75%), followed by the heart (44%). Early diagnosis and treatment with benznidazole or nifurtimox probably improve the survival rate. Long-term secondary prophylaxis should be recommended for patients who respond to therapy, although it is uncertain which drug to use for this purpose. T. cruzi should be included in the list of opportunistic pathogens causing infection in severely immunocompromised patients with AIDS.
Objetivo: Este trabalho vison verificar о efeito in vitro e in vivo da atividade antifúngica dos fennentados botánicos de Cupressus sempervirens L. e Cupressus lusitanica Mili, sobre o crescimento ...micelial e a genninaçâo de conidios de Colletotrichum fructicola. bem como avahar a atividade antioxidante existente nos fennentados botánicos por meio da vanedura dos radicáis DPPH' e ABTS'+. Referencial teórico: As plantas sao urna fonte promissora de diversas substâncias bioativas e multifimcionais. Para minimizar os impactos do uso de agroquímicos. que por vezes causam impactos negativos ao meio ambiente, tecnologias sociais alternativas estáo sendo cada vez mais investigadas, como os chamados produtos fennentados botánicos para controle de doenças fímgicas fitopatogênicas de interesse agrícola. Métodos: A atividade antioxidante e os teores de compostos fenólicos. flavonóides e fenólicos individuáis forain detenninados por espectrofotometria e cromatografía líquida de alta eficiéncia. O crescimento micelial e a genninaçâo de conidios de C. fructicola forain avahados em meio BDA contendo os fennentados a zero. 10% v/v. 20% v/v e 40% v/v. Testes in vivo também forain realizados utilizando follias de Acca sellowiana e inoculadas com o fitopatógeno. Resultados e conclusáo: Os resultados mostraram que o fennentado de C. sempervirens controlou em 100 % o desenvolvimento da colonia fímgica na concentraçâo de 40 % v/v pelo método de diluiçâo em meio BDA. Os fennentados apresentaram atividade antifúngica contra a genninaçâo de conidios esse importante fungo fitopatogénico. O composto ativo identificado em maior concentraçâo no fermentado de C. sempervirens foi o ácido gálico, enquanto a naringina foi o principal composto fenólico observado no fermentado de C. lusitanica. A atividade antioxidante dos fennentadosvariou na faixa de 68 - 82 %, dependendo do radical avahado. Implicaçôes da pesquisa: Os resultados deste estudo mostrara um potencial promissor do fermentado de C. sempervirens para o controle de C. fructicola na cultura de A sellowiana. Originalidade/valor: Avahar o uso potencial de fermentados botánicos como fenamenta para ajudar no controle de doenças fúngicas em plantas é urna abordagem nova e muito importante e interessante para práticas de agricultura orgánica, reduzindo a necessidade de moléculas químicas sintéticas para controlar fitopatógenos fúngicos.
The expression patterns of the NRT2 genes have been well described; however, the role of OsNRT2.4 in root growth is not well known. In this study, we thus aimed at investigating the role of ...high-affinity NO
3
−
transport OsNRT2.4 in root growth modulation. Through the amiRNA-mediated gene silencing technique, we successfully obtained
osnrt2.4
knockdown lines to study the role of OsNRT2.4 on root growth under low nitrate conditions. We performed real-time PCR analysis to investigate the relative gene expression level in root and shoot, soluble metabolites, and measurement of root system. Knockdown of
OsNRT2.4
decreased rice growth. The comparison with wild-type (WT) plants showed that (i) knockdown of
OsNRT2.4
inhibited root formation under low NO
3
−
supply; (ii) we demonstrated that the mutant lines had significantly increased NO
3
−
uptake than WT plants when grown in different nitrate supplies; (iii)
osnrt2.4
knockdown lines showed an alteration in nitrogen metabolism, and this affected the root growth; and (iv) the downregulation of
OsNRT2.4
enhanced the expression of gene response of low external NO
3
−
concentrations. Herein we provide new insights in OsNRT2.4 functions. Our data demonstrated that OsNRT2.4 plays a role in root growth, nitrogen metabolic pathway and probably have functions in nitrate transport from root to shoot under low nitrate availability in rice.
Resumo O cultivo de leguminosas, para utilização como adubo verde, vem sendo uma promissora alternativa à adubação tradicional. Duas espécies nativas (Clitoria fairchildiana e Inga edulis) e duas ...exóticas (Leucaena leucocephala e Cajanus cajan) foram cultivadas em um Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo, em consócio com arroz. Foi avaliado o estabelecimento das leguminosas, as características do sistema radicular, a produção de fitomassa e o fornecimento de nutrientes. Foram observadas diferenças significativas no estabelecimento das leguminosas. A Clitoria fairchildiana produziu a maior massa seca (12,4 t ha-1). As quatro espécies apresentaram baixa densidade de raízes na camada de 0-60 cm de profundidade (18,9%), indicando baixo potencial de competição com a cultura consorciada.
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