The thioazole Schiff bases L1 and L2 were prepaired. There fluorescence intensities are more than 50 fold enhanced immediately by mixing Al3+ in methanol solution. Fluorescence nature of the ...receptor-Al3+ complex goes to “turn-off” by addition of Ni2+ metal ions and EDTA. Sensors fluorescent nature also quenched in high acidic medium.
•The proposed chemosensors exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity toward Al3+ ions.•Sensors exhibited excellent fluorescent behavior in the pH range 5.0–13.5.•More than 50-fold enhancement of the fluorescence intensity was observed with Al3+.•Al3+ ions could be measured at 10−7M level by the proposed sensor.
Thiazole Schiff bases 2-(4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yliminomethyl)phenol (L1) and 1-(4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yliminomethyl)naphthalen-2-ol (L2) have synthesized and characterized. The interaction of Schiff bases with different metal ions has been studied over UV–vis absorption spectra and photofluorescent spectra. The results are indicated that Schiff base L1 and L2 exhibited turn-on fluorescent behavior with Al3+ ions in methanol, which could be directly detected by the naked-eye under the UV-lamp. The limits of detection were calculated for L1 and L2 since 1.0×10−6 and 7.5×10−7 by the titration method. Both sensors exhibited excellent fluorescent behavior in 5.0–13.5 pH range. The fluorescent behavior of legends-aluminum complex solution goes to turn-off in the presence of Ni2+ and EDTA.
A new rhodamine functionalized fluorogenic Schiff base CS was synthesized and its colorimetric and fluorescence responses toward various metal ions were explored. The sensor exhibited highly ...selective and sensitive colorimetric and “off–on” fluorescence response towards Al3+ in the presence of other competing metal ions. These spectral changes are large enough in the visible region of the spectrum and thus enable naked-eye detection. Studies proved that the formation of CS–Al3+ complex is fully reversible and can sense to AcO−/F− via dissociation. The results revealed that the sensor provides fluorescence “off–on–off” strategy for the sequential detection of Al3+ and AcO−/F−.
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•A new rhodamine functionalized fluorophore was synthesized.•Exhibited colorimetric and “off–on” fluorescence response towards Al3+.•Dissociation of probe–Al3+ complex involves the detection of AcO−/F−.•The sensor provides strategy for the sequential detection of Al3+ and AcO−/F−.
A rapid increase in brain tumor cases mandates researchers for the automation of brain tumor detection and diagnosis. Multi-tumor brain image classification became a contemporary research task due to ...the diverse characteristics of tumors. Recently, deep neural networks are commonly used for medical image classification to assist neurologists. Vanishing gradient problem and overfitting are the demerits of the deep networks. In this paper, we have proposed a deep network model that uses ResNet-50 and global average pooling to resolve the vanishing gradient and overfitting problems. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model simulation has been carried out using a three-tumor brain magnetic resonance image dataset consisting of 3064 images. Key performance metrics have used to analyze the performance of the proposed model and its competitive models. We have achieved a mean accuracy of 97.08% and 97.48% with data augmentation and without data augmentation, respectively. Our proposed model outperforms existing models in classification accuracy.
•Synthesized the easily accessible switch-on optical chemosensor for multi-ions.•More than 15-time naked-eye fluorescent enhancement was observed with Zn(II) ions.•The detection limit of Ni(II), ...Zn(II), UO2(II) and Fe(II) by the optical probes is in the ppb range.
Two new highly selective colorimetric and fluoregenic aminopyridine Schiff bases (L1 and L2) were synthesized by simple refluxing method and characterised via standard NMR and HRMS techniques. Its excellent metal sensing abilities explored on absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy. The recognition colorimertric sensing behavior of probes L1 and L2 towards Ni(II), Zn(II), Fe(III) and UO2(II) ions were carefully investigated with different aspects of sensing behavior such as sensitivity, binding constant, stoichiometry, pH range and interference effect. Moreover, L1 and L2 also displayed excellent “off-on” fluoregenic selectivity with Zn(II). The results revealed that the sensors provided colorimetric and fluoregenic sensing excellent response with low limit of detection, under neutral conditions.
Understanding the burden and pattern of mental disorders as well as mapping the existing resources for delivery of mental health services in India, has been a felt need over decades. Recognizing this ...necessity, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, commissioned the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) in the year 2014-15. The NMHS aimed to estimate the prevalence and burden of mental health disorders in India and identify current treatment gaps, existing patterns of health-care seeking, service utilization patterns, along with an understanding of the impact and disability due to these disorders. This paper describes the design, steps and the methodology adopted for phase 1 of the NMHS conducted in India. The NMHS phase 1 covered a representative population of 39,532 from 12 states across 6 regions of India, namely, the states of Punjab and Uttar Pradesh (North); Tamil Nadu and Kerala (South); Jharkhand and West Bengal (East); Rajasthan and Gujarat (West); Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh (Central) and Assam and Manipur (North East). The NMHS of India (2015-16) is a unique representative survey which adopted a uniform and standardized methodology which sought to overcome limitations of previous surveys. It employed a multi-stage, stratified, random cluster sampling technique, with random selection of clusters based on Probability Proportionate to Size. It was expected that the findings from the NMHS 2015-16 would reveal the burden of mental disorders, the magnitude of the treatment gap, existing challenges and prevailing barriers in the mental-health delivery systems in the country at a single point in time. It is hoped that the results of NMHS will provide the evidence to strengthen and implement mental health policies and programs in the near future and provide the rationale to enhance investment in mental health care in India. It is also hoped that the NMHS will provide a framework for conducting similar population based surveys on mental health and other public health problems in low and middle-income countries.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
POEM has been successfully performed in patients with spastic esophageal disorders (SED), such as diffuse esophageal spasm, jackhammer esophagus, and type 3 achalasia. We performed a ...systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate its efficacy in these patients and if total average myotomy length and prior medical or endoscopic treatments affected clinical success.
Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Google-Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane Review were searched for studies on POEM in SED from 2008 to September 2018. Clinical success was determined by Eckardt score (≤ 3) at follow-up. Sub-group analysis was performed based on myotomy length and evaluates the effect of prior treatments on clinical success.
Results
9 studies with 210 patients were included in the final analysis. We found that the pooled rate of clinical success for POEM was 89.6% (95% CI 83.5–93.1, 95% PI 83.4–93.7,
I
2
= 0%). In three studies (50 patients), where total myotomy length was < 10 cm, the pooled rate of clinical success was 91.1% (95% CI 79.5–96.4,
I
2
= 0%). In six studies (160 patients), the length was > 10 cms and the pooled rate of clinical success was 89.1% (95% CI 83.0–93.2,
I
2
= 0%). The difference between these results was not statistically significant (
p
= 0.69). Additionally, a meta-regression analysis showed that prior treatment status did not significantly affect the primary outcome (
p
= 0.43).
Conclusions
While it is well known that POEM is a safe and effective treatment for spastic esophageal disorders, we conclude that variation in total myotomy length and prior endoscopic or medical treatments did not have a significant effect on clinical success.
Ocimum kilimandscharicum is unique in possessing terpenoids whereas other Ocimum species are renowned for phenylpropanoids as major constituents of essential oil. The key enzyme of MVA/terpenoid ...metabolic pathway viz 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Co-A reductase (OkHMGR) of 1.7-Kb ORF encoding ~60-kDa protein was cloned from O. kilimandscharicum and its kinetic characteristics revealed the availability of HMG-CoA as a control point of MVA-pathway. Transcript profiling of the OkHMGR elucidated tissue-specific functions of the gene in flower and leaf tissues in accumulation of terpenoidal essential oil. OkHMGR was differentially regulated in response to exposure to methyl-jasmonate, salicylic-acid, and stress conditions such-as salt and temperature stress, demonstrating its key role in managing signaling and stress-responses. To elucidate its functional role, OkHMGR was transiently over-expressed in homologous and heterologous plants such as O. sanctum, O. basilicum, O. gratissimum, Withania somnifera and Artemisia annua. The over-expression and inhibition dual strategy revealed that the additional OkHMGR in-planta could afford endogenous flow of isoprenoid units towards synthesis of terpenoids. The present study provides in-depth insight of OkHMGR in regulation of biosynthesis of non-plastidal isoprenoids. This is first report on any gene of MVA/isoprenoid pathway from under-explored Camphor Tulsi belonging to genus Ocimum. Studies also suggested that OkHMGR could be a potential tool for attempting metabolic engineering for enhancing medicinally important terpenoidal metabolites in plants.
The National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) of India was undertaken with the objectives of (1) estimating the prevalence and patterns of various mental disorders in representative Indian population and ...(2) identifying the treatment gap, healthcare utilisation, disabilities and impact of mental disorders. This paper highlights findings pertaining to depressive disorders (DD) from the NMHS.
Multisite population-based cross-sectional study. Subjects were selected by multistage stratified random cluster sampling technique with random selection based on probability proportionate to size at each stage.
Conducted across 12 states in India (representing varied cultural and geographical diversity), employing uniform, standardised and robust methodology.
A total of 34 802 adults (
18 years) were interviewed.
Prevalence of depressive disorders (ICD-10 DCR) diagnosed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview V.6.0.
The weighted prevalence of lifetime and current DD was 5.25% (95% CI: 5.21% to 5.29%, n=34 802) and 2.68% (95% CI: 2.65% to 2.71%, n=34 802), respectively. Prevalence was highest in the 40-59 age groups (3.6%, n=10 302), among females (3.0%, n=18 217) and those residing in cities with population >1 million (5.2%, n=4244). Age, gender, place of residence, education and household income were found to be significantly associated with current DD. Nearly two-thirds of individuals with DD reported disability of varying severity, and the treatment gap for depression in the study population was 79.1%. On an average, households spent INR1500/month (~US$ 23.0/month) towards care of persons affected with DD.
Around 23 million adults would need care for DD in India at any given time. Since productive population is affected most, DD entails considerable socioeconomic impact at individual and family levels. This is a clarion call for all the concerned stakeholders to scale up services under National Mental Health Programme in India along with integrating care for DD with other ongoing national health programmes.
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