O estudo da quantidade e da atividade da biomassa microbiana pode fornecer subsídios importantes para o planejamento do uso correto da terra, considerando a natureza dinâmica dos microrganismos do ...solo. Este trabalho objetivou verificar alterações em atributos biológicos indicadores da qualidade do solo na adoção de sistemas de manejo em áreas originalmente sob cerrado nativo, e selecionar os atributos com melhor desempenho em indicar tais alterações. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em três profundidades (0-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm) em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico textura argilosa no município de Morrinhos (GO). Foram selecionadas cinco propriedades agrícolas, baseadas na sua representatividade para a região com relação ao histórico de uso e às características dos sistemas de manejo adotados. Estes consistiram de: cerrado nativo, pastagem, plantio direto, plantio direto com histórico de gradagem superficial, plantio convencional de longa duração e plantio convencional recente após pastagem. O cerrado nativo foi tomado como referência, uma vez que todos os sistemas foram instalados em área originalmente de cerrado. Foram avaliados: carbono da biomassa microbiana (Cmic), respiração basal, quociente metabólico (qCO2) e relação Cmic/CO. Em adição, foram avaliados o carbono orgânico total (CO) e alguns atributos de fertilidade do solo. A adoção dos sistemas agrícolas e da pastagem reduziu os teores de Cmic na camada superficial, em relação ao cerrado nativo. Excetuando o sítio sob cerrado, o maior valor de Cmic foi observado na pastagem e o menor no plantio convencional de longa duração. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os sistemas de manejo para respiração basal e qCO2. O Cmic indicou alterações significativas na instalação de sistemas de manejo em relação ao cerrado nativo e, embora tenha apontado diferenças apenas entre dois dos cinco sistemas cultivados, foi indicativo de maior equilíbrio da microbiota do solo no cerrado.
The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models’ useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. ...Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced or spike protein stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both unexposed and COVID-19 (primo-infected) individuals (Step1). Moreover, the supernatants of these cultures were used to evaluate its effects on lung cell lines (A549) (Step2). When PBMC from the unexposed were infected by SARS-CoV-2, cytotoxic natural killer and nonclassical monocytes expressing inflammatory cytokines genes were raised. The supernatant of these cells can induce apoptosis of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 mean: 6.4% × 17.7%). Meanwhile, PBMCs from primo-infected presented their memory CD4+ T cells activated with a high production of IFNG and antiviral genes. Supernatant from past COVID-19 subjects contributed to reduce apoptosis (mock vs. Step2 ratio: 7.2 × 1.4) and to elevate the antiviral activity (iNOS) of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 mean: 31.5% × 55.7%). Our findings showed features of immune primary cells and lung cell lines response after SARS-CoV-2 or spike protein stimulation that can be used as an in vitro model to study the immunity effects after SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure.
Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by germline mutations in the
gene. Guidelines recommend pheochromocytoma (PHEO) biochemical screening should start at age 5 ...years.
Genotype-phenotype correlations in VHL, focusing on PHEO penetrance in children, were studied.
We retrospectively evaluated 31 individuals (median age at diagnosis was 26 years) with diagnosed VHL disease.
PHEO was diagnosed in six children with VHL. A large PHEO (5 cm) was detected in a 4-year-old boy with p.Gly114Ser mutation. PHEO penetrance was 55% starting at age 4 years.
missense mutations were identified in 11 of 22 families (50%), frameshift mutations in four (18.2%), stop codon in three (13.6%), splicing site in two (9.1%), and large gene deletion in two (9.1%). The codon 167 (n = 10) was a hotspot for
mutations and was significantly associated with PHEO (90%
38%;
= 0.007). PHEOs and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) were strongly associated with
missense mutations compared with other mutations (89.5%
0% and 73.7%
16.7%;
= 0.0001 and 0.002, respectively). In contrast, pancreatic cysts (91.7%
26.3%;
= 0.0001), renal cysts (66.7%
26.3%;
= 0.027), and central nervous system hemangioblastomas (91.7%
47.3%;
= 0.012) were more frequent in VHL with nonmissense mutations.
missense mutations were highly associated with PHEO and PNETs. Our data support that in children with VHL harboring missense mutations, biochemical screening for PHEO should be initiated at diagnosis.
Background and objective To know the epidemiological profile of health services maternal and child care is fundamental importance for the development of quality indicators that contribute to the ...quality of care for both mother and child. This study aim was to identify the epidemiological profile of the mother and the fetus seen at maternal and child public service only reference in the mountainous region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods Cross sectional study of deliveries in the period from January to June 2011. Variables analyzed: maternal age, gestational age, parity, delivery type, sex, anthropometry and destination of the conceptus. Results During the study period there were 781 deliveries, 45.3% of cesareanas. As the fetus to term and 65.2% frequency of gender equitable. Maternal age was 25.6 years and average parity of 2.5 with 32% primiparous pregnancies. Mean weight, height, head circumference, thoracic, abdominal and Apgar scores were 3019g, 47.5 cm, 33.6cm, 32.5cm, 31cm, 8 and 9 respectively. Of the total live births, 0.6% evolved to death in the delivery room, 12% referred to the neonatal ICU and of these 61.57% for prematurity. Conclusion We are facing a referenced service to high-risk pregnancy and cesarean rates of prematurity are above the level recommended by the Ministry of Health as an ideal, what leads us to reflect on the need for planning actions to be implemented with goal of greater control and quality of care offered to this same population.
Fruits of Euterpe spp. are rich in phenolic compounds, mainly anthocyanins, which are endowed with a high antioxidant capacity. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of derivatives ...from Euterpe spp. fruits on oxidative metabolism and inflammatory mediators. The oil (OE), total lyophilized pulp (LEE) and defatted pulp (LEDE) were obtained from the fruits of Euterpe edulis. Thirty-six animals were divided into four experimental groups: G1: Control; G2: OE (4%), G3: LEE (10%), G4: LEDE (10%), each of which received a particular extract in their diet for 50 days. The activities of catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde produced in liver and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tissue were lower in G4 than in the other groups. The study indicates that dietary supplementation with extracts of E. edulis has no deleterious effects and may be beneficial, especially for LEDE extracts containing high concentrations of anthocyanin.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
RESUMO: Os dermatófitos são fungos que podem causar infecções superficiais da pele, cabelo e unhas em humanos e animais. As espécies de dermatófitos mais frequentemente isoladas dos cães e gatos ...afetados por micoses são Microsporum gypseum e principalmente Microsporum canis. O papel crucial durante o processo de infecção é a produção de enzimas extracelulares essenciais para a invasão e estabelecimento do agente patogênico no tecido do hospedeiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar dermatófitos de cães e gatos e avaliar o perfil enzimático dos isolados obtidos. Amostras de pelos e escamas epidérmicas foram coletadas de cães e gatos em instalações veterinárias em Recife/PE, e os isolados foram identificados com base nas características macroscópicas e microscópicas. A análise qualitativa das enzimas urease, protease, lipase, colagenase e fosfolipase foi avaliada a partir dos dermatófitos isolados. Durante 10 meses, um total de 106 animais, que compreendeu de 99 cães e sete gatos com sinais clínicos, independentemente do sexo e raça foram avaliados. Apenas oito animais foram confirmados com dermatofitose, principalmente cães (n=7), sendo seis afetados por M. canis e um por M. gypseum, a raça mais afetada foi Yorkshire (n=3). No entanto, apenas um gato foi confirmado com M. canis. Não foi observada predisposição relacionada ao sexo quanto à ocorrência de dermatofitose nos cães e gatos avaliados. Os dermatófitos isolados apresentaram perfis semelhantes para as enzimas urease, lipase, protease, fosfolipase e colagenase, característica importante em infecções patogênicas. O diagnóstico clínico destas zoonoses com base na confirmação microbiológica e uma compreensão dos mecanismos subjacentes é de grande importância para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças fúngicas em animais.
This study evaluated the ability of three materials—a resinous root canal sealer (Sealer 26) prepared in a thick consistence, a reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol cement (IRM), and a glass-ionomer cement ...(Fuji IX)—in preventing bacterial leakage. Retrofilled teeth were mounted in an apparatus and then challenged by human saliva. The number of days required for the bacteria from saliva to penetrate the root-end filling materials was determined. Evaluation was conducted for 60 days. Leakage was observed in all teeth of the Fuji IX group, and in 95% (19 of 20 specimens) of the teeth retrofilled with IRM. Sixty-five percent (13 of 20 teeth) of the teeth retrofilled with Sealer 26 showed leakage. No difference was detected between Fuji IX and IRM (p > 0.05). However Sealer 26 was significantly more effective in preventing bacterial leakage when compared with other materials tested (p < 0.05).
A melancieira apresenta comumente flores masculinas e femininas na mesma planta, necessitando assim dos serviços de polinização para a transferência dos grãos de pólen e consequente produção de ...frutos. A atratividade aos polinizadores está na dependência dos recursos florais oferecidos como recompensa durante as visitas, e como consequência a planta é beneficiada com a polinização. O objetivo desse trabalho foi registrar aspectos relevantes da floração incluindo a razão sexual e a descrição da morfologia floral de variedades de melancieira. As variedades demelancieira utilizadas foram, Congo, Elisa, Crimson super e Charleston super, em cultivo orgânico, com irrigação por gotejamento. Foram avaliados quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições, utilizando o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Para todas as variedades analisadas, foi registrada a emissão inicial de flores masculinas. Não foi registrada diferença significativa na emissão de flores femininas entre as variedades, porém para as flores masculinas a variedade Congo apresentou um maior número. Foi registrada diferença nas características da morfologia floral entre variedades e tipos florais em relação ao diâmetro e altura da flor. A presença de flores hermafroditas foi registrada com média de 1,45 (Crimson) a 0,15 flores por planta (Congo). A variedade Charleston apresentou a menor média de dias para a emissão da primeira flor feminina em relação a masculina (4,6±2,81) já a Congo apresentou a maior média (9,05±3,28). A menor razão sexual foi registrada para a variedade Elisa(1:13,32) e a maior para a Congo (1:24,05). Os menores períodos de floração foram registrados para as variedades Crimson e Elisa.
Flowering and floral morphology of watermelon varieties in Juazeiro-BA
Abstract- The watermelon commonly presents male and female flowers on the same plant, thus requiring the pollination services for the transfer of pollen grains and consequent production of fruits. The attractiveness to pollinators is dependent on the floral resources offered as a reward during visits and as a result the plant benefits from pollination. The objective of this study was to record important aspects of flowering including sex ratio and the description of floral morphology of varieties of watermelon. The varieties of watermelon were used, Congo, Elisa, super super Crimson and Charleston in organic farming, drip irrigation. Four treatments and four repetitions were performed using a completely randomized design. For all varieties analyzed, it was registered the initial issue of male flowers. It did not record significant difference in the issue of female flowers between varieties, but the male flowers to the Congo variety presented more. There was recorded differences in the characteristics of morphology flower varieties and types in relation to the height and flower diameter. The presence of hermaphrodite flowers was recorded with an average of 1.45 (Crimson) 0.15 flowers per plant (Congo). The Charleston variety had the lowest average number of days to issue the first female flower compared to males (4.6 ± 2.81) since the Congo had the highest average (9.05 ± 3.28). The lowest sex ratio was recorded for the variety Elisa (1: 13.32) and the highest for the Congo (1: 24.05). The smallest flowering periods were recorded for the Crimson and Elisa varieties.
RESUMO: Os dermatófitos são fungos que podem causar infecções superficiais da pele, cabelo e unhas em humanos e animais. As espécies de dermatófitos mais frequentemente isoladas dos cães e gatos ...afetados por micoses são Microsporum gypseum e principalmente Microsporum canis. O papel crucial durante o processo de infecção é a produção de enzimas extracelulares essenciais para a invasão e estabelecimento do agente patogênico no tecido do hospedeiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar dermatófitos de cães e gatos e avaliar o perfil enzimático dos isolados obtidos. Amostras de pelos e escamas epidérmicas foram coletadas de cães e gatos em instalações veterinárias em Recife/PE, e os isolados foram identificados com base nas características macroscópicas e microscópicas. A análise qualitativa das enzimas urease, protease, lipase, colagenase e fosfolipase foi avaliada a partir dos dermatófitos isolados. Durante 10 meses, um total de 106 animais, que compreendeu de 99 cães e sete gatos com sinais clínicos, independentemente do sexo e raça foram avaliados. Apenas oito animais foram confirmados com dermatofitose, principalmente cães (n=7), sendo seis afetados por M. canis e um por M. gypseum, a raça mais afetada foi Yorkshire (n=3). No entanto, apenas um gato foi confirmado com M. canis. Não foi observada predisposição relacionada ao sexo quanto à ocorrência de dermatofitose nos cães e gatos avaliados. Os dermatófitos isolados apresentaram perfis semelhantes para as enzimas urease, lipase, protease, fosfolipase e colagenase, característica importante em infecções patogênicas. O diagnóstico clínico destas zoonoses com base na confirmação microbiológica e uma compreensão dos mecanismos subjacentes é de grande importância para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças fúngicas em animais.
ABSTRACT: Dermatophytes are fungi that can cause superficial infections of the skin, hair and nails in man and animals. The most frequent dermatophyte species isolated from dogs and cats are Microsporum gypseum, most notably Microsporum canis. The crucial role during the infection process is the production of extracellular enzymes essential for the invasion and establishment of the pathogen in the host tissue. The objective of this research was to isolate dermatophytes from dogs and cats and evaluate the enzymatic profile of the isolates obtained. Hair samples and epidermal scales were collected from dogs and cats in veterinary facilities in Recife-PE, and the isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The qualitative analysis of the enzymes urease, protease, lipase, collagenase and phospholipase was evaluated from the isolated dermatophytes. During 10 months, a total of 106 animals, comprising of 99 dogs and seven cats with clinical signs, regardless of sex and race were evaluated. Only eight animals were confirmed with dermatophytosis, mostly dogs (n=7), being six affected by M. canis and one by M. gypseum, the race most affected was Yorkshire (n=3). However, only one cat was confirmed with M. canis. No sex-related predisposition was observed regarding the occurrence of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats evaluated. Isolated dermatophytes showed similar profiles for the enzymes urease, lipase, protease, phospholipase and collagenase, important characteristic for pathogenic infections. The diagnosis of this zoonosis based on microbiological confirmation and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms is of great importance for the treatment and prevention of fungal diseases in animals.
Objective
To evaluate prenatal corticosteroid use in women experiencing spontaneous preterm labor and preterm delivery.
Methods
The present cross‐sectional multicenter study analyzed interview data ...from patients attending 20 hospitals in Brazil owing to preterm delivery between April 1, 2011 and July 30, 2012. Patients were stratified based on preterm delivery occurring before 34 weeks or at 34–36+6 weeks of pregnancy, and the frequency of prenatal corticosteroid use at admission was compared. Prenatal corticosteroid use, sociodemographic data, obstetric characteristics, and neonatal outcomes were examined.
Results
There were 1455 preterm deliveries included in the present study; 527 (36.2%) occurred before 34 weeks of pregnancy and prenatal corticosteroids were used in 285 (54.1%) of these pregnancies. Among neonates delivered at 32–33+6 weeks, prenatal corticosteroid use was associated with lower pneumonia (P=0.026) and mortality (P=0.029) rates. Among neonates delivered at 34–36+6 weeks, prenatal corticosteroid use was associated with longer neonatal hospital admission (P<0.001), and an increased incidence of 5‐minute Apgar scores below 7 (P=0.010), endotracheal intubation (P=0.042), surfactant use (P=0.006), neonatal morbidities (P=0.048), respiratory distress (P=0.048), and intraventricular hemorrhage (P=0.023).
Conclusion
Preterm labor and late preterm delivery were associated with worse neonatal outcomes following prenatal corticosteroids. This could reflect a sub‐optimal interval between administration and delivery.
Prenatal corticosteroids were associated with worse neonatal outcomes following late preterm delivery; this could reflect a sub‐optimal interval between final corticosteroid dose and delivery.
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