The authors investigated in 90 albino rats, by means of a new non-injection method, the morpho-functional state of the capillary system in various parts of the myocardium in a normal state, in ...hypertrophy of varying degree and during physical exercise. It was found that the density, the surface are (CSA) and the capacity of the capillary bed of the right ventricle are larger than in the left ventricle. The increase in capillary blood supply in a hypertrophic myocardium occurs in parallel with the development of the hypertrophy and at rest fully corresponds to the increased myocardial mass. However, at maximal physical load the capillary segment of blood supply to the myocardium functions insufficiently, which is evidenced by a decrease in the working capacity of the experimental animals.
The effect of Intal and alpha-tocopherol on the morphofunctional state of myocardial capillary bed and peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL) was studied in 160 albino rats with coronary artery ...occlusion. The vascular effect of Intal consisted in increasing the number of functioning capillaries and enlargement of their exchange surface. alpha-tocopherol proved to be less effective in this respect. The authors assume that besides its influence on myocardial microcirculation through POL reduction, Intal supports the increase in the number of functioning capillaries.
Data taken by DELPHI during the 1995 and 1996 LEP runs have been used to search for the supersymmetric partners of electron, muon and tau leptons and of top and bottom quarks. The observations are in ...agreement with standard model predictions. Limits are set on sfermion masses. Searches for long lived scalar leptons from low scale supersymmetry breaking models exclude stau masses below 55 GeV/c2 at the 95% confidence level, irrespective of the gravitino mass.
Left ventricular remodelling plays an important pathogenetic role in progressive circulatory insufficiency both in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) and in ischemic heart disease with postinfarction ...cardiosclerosis. In terminal cardiac failure structural changes (changed geometry of the left ventricle, in particular) become stereotypic. The dobutamin test in DCMP reveals low functional reserve of the total and segmentary contractility compared to ischemic cardiomyopathy. This may help in echocardiographic diagnostic difficulties.
The events with two photons and missing (transverse) energy collected by the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies between 130 GeV and 183 GeV have been studied to search for processes of the ...type e+e- → YY with the subsequent decay Y → X7, where X is an undetectable neutral particle. Reactions of this kind are expected in supersymmetric models, where the Y particle can be either the lightest neutralino, decaying to a photon and a gravitino, or the next-to-lightest neutralino, decaying to a photon and the lightest neutralino. To study the case of long-lived Y particles, a search for single-photon events with the reconstructed photon axis pointing far from the beam interaction region has also been performed. No evidence for a deviation from Standard Model expectations has been observed in the data and upper limits have been derived on the signal cross-section as a function of the the X and Y masses and of the Y mean decay path.
The influence of simultaneous administration of indomethacin and adrenalin on heart microcirculation, myocardial blood flow, peroxide lipid oxidation in the heart muscle homogenate and myocardial ...contractility was studied in male albino rats and in the myocardium of 6-7 days old chicken embryos. Intramuscular adrenalin administration in a dosis of 2 mg/kg led to a considerable reduction of the exchange surface of the capillaries and to a slow-down of blood flow in myocardial tissue, an increase in the lipid peroxide content in the heart muscle, and to an acceleration of the heart rate with the development of arrhythmia. Indomethacin abolished haemodynamic and metabolic myocardial disorders generated by toxic doses of adrenalin hydrochloride. It had also a cardiotonic and anti-arrhythmic effect: it abolished arrhythmia brought about by aconitine and adrenalin in the culture of the embryonal chicken myocardium explantate. These up to the present unknown cardiotonic, anti-arrhythmic and adrenoprotective properties of indomethacin can contribute to a substantial broadening of its therapeutical application.
Cardiomyopathies are defined as diseases of the myocardium with associated structural and functional abnormalities. Knowledge of these pathologies for a long period was not clear in clinical practice ...due to uncertainties regarding definition, classification and clinical diagnosis. In recent decades, major advances have been made in the understanding of the molecular and genetic issues, pathophysiology, and clinical and radiological assessment of the diseases. Progress has been made also in management of several types of cardiomyopathy. Advances in the understanding of these diseases show that cardiomyopathies represent complex entities. Here, special attention is given to evolution of classification of cardiomyopathies, with the aim of assisting clinicians to look beyond schematic diagnostic labels in order to achieve more specific diagnosis. Knowledge of the genotype of cardiomyopathies has changed the pathophysiological understanding of their etiology and clinical course, and has become more important in clinical practice for diagnosis and prevention of cardiomyopathies. New approaches for clinical and prognostic assessment are provided based on contemporary molecular mechanisms of contribution in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies. The genotype-phenotype complex approach for assessment improves the clinical evaluation and management strategies of these pathologies. The review covers also the important role of imaging methods, particularly echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of different types of cardiomyopathies. In summary, this review provides complex presentation of current state of cardiomyopathies from genetics to management aspects for cardiovascular specialists.
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