The operation of floating nuclear power units in nonnuclear-weapon states does not involve the management of fresh and used nuclear fuel, and the nuclear reactor of the power unit must be ...hermetically sealed in the manufacturing state. In relation to this, a challenging aspect of the application of the IAEA safeguards is the independent verification and confirmation of the state’s information regarding the declared operating modes of the nuclear power unit and the quality and quantity of nuclear fuel used to this end. The currently available technologies for detecting reactor antineutrinos are shown to be capable of providing the IAEA with independent control of a floating power unit reactor; a standalone mobile or stationary neutrino detector may be used to confirm the declared operating modes of the reactor and indirectly confirm the quantity and quality of nuclear material contained in the reactor.
A technique is developed for reconstructing reactor antineutrino spectra from fission products of uranium and plutonium isotopes. Cumulative antineutrino spectra of
,
, and
thermal-neutron fission ...products and
fast-neutron fission products are calculated using the presented reconstruction algorithm and the cumulative beta spectra measured at the Institut Laue–Langevin, Technical University of Munich, and National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute.” Approximations used in the model are described, errors of the results are analyzed, and a comparison of the spectra obtained to the calculations in other works is made.
The evolution of the reactor-antineutrino spectrum and the evolution of the spectrum of positrons from the inverse-beta-decay reaction in the course of reactor operation and after reactor shutdown ...are considered. The present-day status in determining the initial reactor-antineutrino spectrum on the basis of spectra of beta particles from mixtures of products originating from uranium and plutonium fission is described. A local rise of the experimental spectrum of reactor antineutrinos with respect to the expected spectrum is studied.
Knowledge of antineutrino interaction cross-sections is an important and necessary ingredient in many measurements. With the advent of new precision experiments, the demands on better understanding ...of neutrino interactions is becoming even greater. The purpose of this report is to survey our current knowledge of the inverse beta decay cross-sections and to do a comparison the theoretical analysis with experimental data.
For SOX experiment with intense 144Ce-144Pr source, the antineutrino spectrum from two 144Pr decay branches should be calculated with high precision. We analyze the factors that affect beta- and ...antineutrino spectrum and give methods for their calculation.
Industrial Detector of REactor Antineutrinos for Monitoring (iDREAM) is a 1 ton Gd-doped liquid scintillator detector mounted in the Kalinin nuclear power plant (Russia), 20 m from the 3 GW
VVER type ...commercial reactor. Antineutrinos are detected via inverse beta decay on protons. Beginning in 2021, the detector is collecting data both in reactor ON and OFF modes. The first iDREAM antineutrino results are presented, showing no doubt on the proper operation of the detector as a counting device.
This final article about the CHOOZ experiment presents a complete description of the \(\bar{\nu}_e\) source and detector, the calibration methods and stability checks, the event reconstruction ...procedures and the Monte Carlo simulation. The data analysis, systematic effects and the methods used to reach our conclusions are fully discussed. Some new remarks are presented on the deduction of the confidence limits and on the correct treatment of systematic errors.
Abstract
The paper is devoted to the description of the iDREAM
detector and its systems. iDREAM is a prototype detector designed to
demonstrate the feasibility of antineutrino detectors for remote
...reactor monitoring and safeguard purposes. Antineutrinos are
detected with a 1 ton liquid scintillator via inverse beta decay on
protons. In order to suppress cosmic muons, gamma and neutron
background, the detector is housed in a dedicated shielding. The
detector is installed at the Kalinin nuclear power plant (Russia),
20 m from the 3 GW
th
reactor core.
Registration of supernova neutrinos is one of the main goals of large underground neutrino detectors. We consider the possibility of using the large water veto tanks of future dark matter experiments ...as the additional facilities for supernova detection. Simulations were performed for registration of Cherenkov light in 2 kt water veto of Darkside-20k from high energy positrons created by supernova electron antineutrinos via inverse beta decay reaction. Comparison between characteristics of different supernova neutrino detectors are presented.
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