In order to meet the requirements of ATLAS experiment data taking, the Trigger-DAQ (TDAQ) system is composed of O(10000) of applications running on more than 2600 computers in a network. With such a ...system size, software and hardware failures are quite frequent. To minimize system downtime, the Trigger-DAQ control system shall include advance verification and diagnostics facilities. The operator shall use tests and expertise of the TDAQ and detectors developers in order to diagnose and recover from errors, if possible automatically. The TDAQ control system is built as a distributed tree of controllers, where the behavior of each controller is defined in a rule-based language allowing easy customization. The control system also includes a verification framework which allows users to develop and configure tests for any component in the system with different levels of complexity. It can be used as a stand-alone test facility for a small detector installation, as part of the general TDAQ initialization procedure, and for diagnosing problems which may occur during run time. The system is currently being used in TDAQ commissioning at the ATLAS experimental zone and by subdetectors for stand-alone verification of the detector hardware before it is finally installed.
This paper describes the new dynamic recovery mechanisms in the ATLAS Trigger and DataAcQuisition (TDAQ) system. The purpose of the new recovery mechanism is to minimize the impact certain errors and ...failures have on the system. The new recovery abstract truncated by publisher.
To ascertain which countries in the world have retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening programmes and guidelines and how these were developed.
An email database was created and requests were sent ...to ophthalmologists in 141 nations to complete an online survey on ROP screening in their country.
Representatives from 92/141 (65%) countries responded. 78/92 (85%) have existing ROP screening programmes, and 68/78 (88%) have defined screening criteria. Some countries have limited screening and those areas which have no screening or for which there is inadequate knowledge are mainly Southeast Asia, Africa and some former Soviet states.
With the increasing survival of premature babies in lower-middle-income and low-income countries, it is important to ensure that adequate ROP screening and treatment is in place. This information will help organisations focus their resources on those areas most in need.
This paper describes the new dynamic recovery mechanisms in the ATLAS Trigger and DataAcQuisition (TDAQ) system. The purpose of the new recovery mechanism is to minimize the impact certain errors and ...failures have on the system. The new recovery mechanisms are capable of analyzing and recovering from a variety of errors, both software and hardware, without stopping the data-gathering operations. An expert system is incorporated to perform the analysis of the errors and to decide what measures are needed. Due to the wide array of sub-systems there is also a need to optimize the way similar errors are handled for the different sub-systems. The main focus of the paper is to consider the design and implementation of the new recovery mechanisms and how expert knowledge is gathered from the different sub-systems and implemented in the recovery procedures.
AIMS To study binocular function in patients with longstanding asymmetric keratoconus. METHODS In 20 adult patients with longstanding asymmetric keratoconus managed with a scleral contact lens a full ...clinical and orthoptic assessment was performed with and without the scleral contact lens in the poorer eye. RESULTS All 20 patients had a corrected acuity of at least 6/9 in their better eye. With the scleral lens in situ the acuity of the poorer eye ranged from 6/6 to 6/60 and without the lens from 6/18 to hand movements. Patients were aged from 18 to 68 years and had worn a scleral contact lens for between 3 and 106 months. Without the contact lens in their poorer eye all patients had a small exotropia and all showed suppression, with the exception of one patient who had a right hypertropia with diplopia. With the scleral lens in situ 12 patients had an exophoria or esophoria, six a microexotropia, and two a manifest exotropia with suppression. CONCLUSIONS Binocular function breaks down in some adult patients with longstanding asymmetric keratoconus. This is probably caused by longstanding unilateral visual deprivation. There are similarities to the breakdown of binocular function seen in some patients with a longstanding dense unilateral adult onset cataract who can develop intractable diplopia following cataract surgery.
Distinct Functional Surface Regions on Ubiquitin Sloper-Mould, Katherine E.; Jemc, Jennifer C.; Pickart, Cecile M. ...
The Journal of biological chemistry,
08/2001, Letnik:
276, Številka:
32
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The characterized functions of the highly conserved polypeptide ubiquitin are to target proteins for proteasome degradation or endocytosis. The formation of a polyubiquitin chain of at least four ...units is required for efficient proteasome binding. By contrast, monoubiquitin serves as a signal for the endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins. We have defined surface residues that are important for ubiquitin's vital functions inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Surprisingly, alanine scanning mutagenesis showed that only 16 of ubiquitin's 63 surface residues are essential for vegetative growth in yeast. Most of the essential residues localize to two hydrophobic clusters that participate in proteasome recognition and/or endocytosis. The others reside in or near the tail region, which is important for conjugation and deubiquitination. We also demonstrate that the essential residues comprise two distinct functional surfaces: residues surrounding Phe4 are required for endocytosis, whereas residues surrounding Ile44 are required for both endocytosis and proteasome degradation.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy disorder affecting cilia and sperm motility. A range of ultrastructural defects of the axoneme underlie the disease, ...which is characterised by chronic respiratory symptoms and obstructive lung disease, infertility and body axis laterality defects. We applied a next-generation sequencing approach to identify the gene responsible for this phenotype in two consanguineous families.
Data from whole-exome sequencing in a consanguineous Turkish family, and whole-genome sequencing in the obligate carrier parents of a consanguineous Pakistani family was combined to identify homozygous loss-of-function mutations in ARMC4, segregating in all five affected individuals from both families. Both families carried nonsense mutations within the highly conserved armadillo repeat region of ARMC4: c.2675C>A; pSer892* and c.1972G>T; p.Glu658*. A deficiency of ARMC4 protein was seen in patient's respiratory cilia accompanied by loss of the distal outer dynein arm motors responsible for generating ciliary beating, giving rise to cilia immotility. ARMC4 gene expression is upregulated during ciliogenesis, and we found a predicted interaction with the outer dynein arm protein DNAI2, mutations in which also cause PCD.
We report the first use of whole-genome sequencing to identify gene mutations causing PCD. Loss-of-function mutations in ARMC4 cause PCD with situs inversus and cilia immotility, associated with a loss of the distal outer (but not inner) dynein arms. This addition of ARMC4 to the list of genes associated with ciliary outer dynein arm defects expands our understanding of the complexities of PCD genetics.
Access management in the ATLAS TDAQ Sloper, J.E.; Leahu, M.; Dobson, M. ...
IEEE transactions on nuclear science,
06/2006, Letnik:
53, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In the Trigger and Data AcQuisition (TDAQ) system for the ATLAS project authorization of users will be an important task. The main goal of the authorization will be to reduce the chance of ...potentially dangerous actions being made by mistake. An Access Management (AM) component is being developed within the TDAQ to handle these issues. This paper presents the design and implementation of the component. It also describes the authorization model used and how authorization data is stored and administrated for the system.
This paper describes challenging requirements on the configuration service for the ATLAS experiment at CERN. It presents the status of the implementation and testing one year before the start of data ...taking, providing details of: • the capabilities of underlying OKS object manager to store and to archive configuration descriptions, its user and programming interfaces; • the organization of configuration descriptions for different types of data taking runs and combinations or participating sub-detectors; • the scalable architecture to support simultaneous access to the service by thousands of processes during the online configuration stage of ATLAS; • the experience with the usage of the configuration service during large scale tests, test beam, commissioning and technical runs. The paper also presents pro and contra of the chosen object-oriented implementation comparing with solutions based on pure relational database technologies, and explains why after several years of usage we continue with our approach.
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