Technology law is rapidly growing in importance as subject of legal study and scholarship. Although this is beginning to be recognised by accreditation bodies and legal academics, a range of factors ...contribute to it not being taught as effectively as it should be, including a lack of expertise and the pace at which technology is advancing. Knowledge and understanding of technology law should be recognised as vital for law students and a necessary part of the contemporary law curriculum. Legal education must adapt to ensure students are prepared for the rapidly growing impact of new technologies on the legal system. This purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of the field and propose that it be taught through a core, stand-alone technology law subject within law degrees.
Chiral fluorescent materials with fluorescent nanoparticles assembled into a chiral structure represent a grand challenge. Here, we report self-assembled emissive needle-like nanostructures through ...decorating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with carbon quantum dots (CQDs). This assembly is facilitated by the heterogeneous amphiphilic interactions between natural and synthetic components. These emissive nanostructures can self-organize into chiral nematic solid-state materials with enhanced mechanical performance. The chiral CQD/CNC films demonstrate an intense iridescent appearance superimposed with enhanced luminescence that is significantly higher than that for CQD films and other reported CQD/CNC films. A characteristic fluorescent fingerprint signature is observed in the CQD/CNC film, proving the well-defined chiral organization of fluorescent nanostructures. The chiral organization of CQDs enables the solid CQD/CNC film to form a right-hand chiral fluorescence with an asymmetric factor of −0.2. Additionally, we developed chemical 2D printing and soft lithography patterning techniques to fabricate the freestanding chiral fluorescent patterns that combines mechanical intergrity and chiral nematic structure with light diffraction and emission.
In the global interconnected economy, China-made information-collecting technologies such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance cameras have become popular products for routine video-based ...surveillance. Hikvision and Dahua are the two largest global suppliers of CCTV cameras, with both companies supplying their products to over 200 countries. Despite their popularity, national security concerns are commonly cited when adopting these cameras, citing manufacturer links with the Communist Party of China (CPC), cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and sales recorded in the Xinjiang region, that has records of human rights violations. This paper is structured in three parts: first, we explore the predominance of China-made information-gathering technologies in Australia; second, we summarise common national security concerns usually associated with China-based technology manufacturers; and third, we propose regulatory measures to regulating China-made CCTV cameras in Australia. The paper suggests that while state and Federal decision-makers are free to remove Chinese CCTV surveillance cameras, they should avoid overt politisation. Overall, a stronger focus should be placed on evaluating cybersecurity risks of Internet of Things (IoT) information-collecting technologies and considering their timely and effective regulation from the perspective of individual and national interests.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Here, we report template‐assisted assembly of emissive carbon quantum dot (CQD) microcrystals on organized cellulose nanocrystals templates at the liquid–air interface. This large‐scale assembly is ...facilitated by the complementary amphiphilic character of CQDs and cellulose nanocrystals in the organized nematic phase. The resulting large microcrystals up to 200 μm across show unusually high emission that is not observed for limited CQDs aggregates. The dense crystal packing of CQDs in the layered fashion suppresses local molecular rotations and vibrations, thus restricting the intermolecular energy transfer and corresponding quenching phenomena. The as‐prepared crystals are mechanically stable and can be exploited for recyclable catalysis, enabling applications beyond the individual nanoparticles or disordered aggregates. The ligand‐templated assembly can be used to diversify CQD crystal architectures to guide formation of fibers, microplates, and micro‐flowers.
The template‐assisted assembly of large and emissive carbon quantum dot (CQD) microcrystals using organized amphiphilic cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) at the liquid–air interface is presented. This large‐scale assembly is facilitated by the complementary amphiphilic interactions of CQDs and CNCs in an organized nematic phase.
The article considers the potential costs and benefits from the implementation of a universal forensic DNA database in Australia. In particular, it considers the impact that a database of this type ...would have on current issues associated with the use of DNA evidence in criminal investigation and prosecution, along with the relevant individual rights considerations. The article discusses the potential impact such a database would have on privacy rights, and balances these impacts against possible benefits, such as making investigations more targeted and efficient. The development of a database of this type is also discussed in light of the development of DNA and other biometric databases in Australia and other jurisdictions around the world.
Herein, a novel orthogonal lithography process is reported to pattern all‐inorganic perovskite CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) quantum dot (QD) arrays which cannot be patterned with traditional approaches. ...This approach involves a combination of fluorinated polymer and solvent to resolve issues of polar–nonpolar solvent constraints thus enabling the fabrication of complex patterns with high optical gain and multicolor emission. This approach is utilized to fabricate high‐resolution large‐area arrays of microdisk lasers and multicolor (binary and ternary emission) pixels. The optical cavity modes of CsPbBr3 QD microdisk lasers are readily controlled by tuning the disk size, where the mode spacing decreases while the number of modes increases with increasing disk diameter. Finally, the versatility of this approach for the integration of environmentally sensitive QDs with different emission signatures and composition on the same chip, while achieving high‐density, high‐resolution large‐area QD arrays with multicolor pixels, is demonstrated.
A novel orthogonal lithography process enables the fabrication of large‐area and high‐resolution arrays of various complicated all‐inorganic perovskite quantum dot (QD) patterns with smallest feature size down to several micrometer. Furthermore, QD microdisk lasers with tunable mode number and multicolor QD pixels on the same chip are demonstrated by utilizing this approach.
Shark-human interactions are some of the most pervasive human-wildlife conflicts, and their frequencies are increasing globally. New South Wales (Australia) was the first to implement a broad-scale ...program of shark-bite mitigation in 1937 using shark nets, which expanded in the late 2010s to include non-lethal measures. Using 196 unprovoked shark-human interactions recorded in New South Wales since 1900, we show that bites shifted from being predominantly on swimmers to 79 % on surfers by the 1980s and increased 2-4-fold. We could not detect differences in the interaction rate at netted versus non-netted beaches since the 2000s, partly because of low incidence and high variance. Although shark-human interactions continued to occur at beaches with tagged-shark listening stations, there were no interactions while SMART drumlines and/or drones were deployed. Our effect-size analyses show that a small increase in the difference between mitigated and non-mitigated beaches could indicate reductions in shark-human interactions. Area-based protection alone is insufficient to reduce shark-human interactions, so we propose a new, globally transferable approach to minimise risk of shark bite more effectively.
Evanescently coupled pairs of microdisk lasers have emerged as a useful platform for studying the non-Hermitian physics of exceptional points. It remains an open question how scalable and versatile ...such phenomena can be when carried over to other designs. Here we have studied the effect of gain/loss modulation in an evanescently coupled pair of microdisk optical resonators fabricated from solution-processed colloidal quantum dots. The emission spectra of these structures are sensitive to small imperfections, which cause frequency-splitting of the whispering gallery modes. Despite this inherent disorder, we found that when spatially modulating the optical pump to vary the gain differential between the coupled microdisks, the coupling drives the split parasitic intra-cavity modes into coalescence at an exceptional point of the resulting three-mode system. This unusual behavior is rationalized via a Hamiltonian that incorporates the intra-cavity coupling as well as the anisotropic inter-cavity coupling between modes in the microdisk pair.
Responses to unprovoked shark bite involve public policies and management approaches that contend with the needs of public safety and the responsibility to protect threatened species. In Australia ...(Queensland and New South Wales) and South Africa, methods that aim to capture and kill large sharks adjacent to popular beaches are a long-standing approach aimed at reducing the risk of shark bite. This paper reviews non-lethal alternatives to catch and kill methods, and suggests optimal conditions for non-lethal systems that will assist policy makers and beach authorities in choosing public safety responses that can be applied at the ocean beach scale. Deployment needs to be strategic with sufficient knowledge of their likely effectiveness under local conditions. At this stage we believe there is no single approach universally applicable to ocean beaches where unprovoked shark bite occurs, although well considered and locally appropriate mitigation measures can reduce risk.
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•There is no universally applicable approach to mitigating unprovoked shark bite.•There is a need to balance public safety with the protection of threatened species.•This paper reviews mitigation approaches that do not kill sharks.•Considerations for decision makers in deciding mitigation options are discussed.
The relationship between new technologies and security is well established in the fields of defence, law enforcement, communications and public health. This has been highlighted by recent public ...debate about the security implications of data held by companies operating in social media and information technology (such as TikTok and Huawei). While genomic technology had been less high profile in the context of security, this changed following the COVID-19 pandemic, which focused attention on the significant implications of this form of data. This article discusses commercial genomic technology, related government interests and the growing implications for data security and regulation, such as through the example of the Beijing Genomics Institute, a large company providing genomic testing services to consumers worldwide. We suggest that commercial genomic data has growing implications for countries such as the United States and Australia and argue for greater attention to be directed to this form of technology and associated data security and regulation, including security assessment to address the risks associated with international transfer via corporate entities.
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