Oriental martial arts has millions of fans around the world. Successfully develop and cultivate all styles of martial arts from Chinese Wushu to full contact Muetai, Kyokushinkai karate, and many ...others. Kyokushinkai Karate is one of the most popular types of martial arts, cultivated by more than 16 million people in 140 countries, which has a well-established training system, one of the elements of which is the development of specialized kata complexes. This is a formalized sequence of movements, combined on the principles of a duel with imaginary one or more opponents. The purpose of the study is to improve the special training of qualified Kyokushinkai karate athletes in the competitive discipline of Kumite with the use of kata complexes. The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; sociological methods (questionnaires); pedagogical observation; pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment; medical and biological methods, and methods of mathematical statistics. The priority of the executioner "Sanchin" and "Tensho" as elements of special training and the significance of their impact on the physical condition of the athlete. The author's technique of training process with the use of kata complexes is developed and introduced, for the directed influence on separate indicators of the level of development of special physical qualities and functional state of karate. As a result of the use of kata in the preparation of qualified karate for Kumite in the athletes of the experimental group, there were significant positive changes in the level of development of special physical qualities and speed and strength indicators when performing many shock combinations. There was a statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in power and time parameters of complex, multi-stroke combinations "Shita Tsuki" - "Mavashi Tsuki" - 25.8%, "Shita Tsuki" - "Mavashi Tsuki" - "Mavashi Geri" - 28.4%).
The article presents research materials relating to the study of the individual characteristics of the 2D:4D finger index in young athletes in pair female acrobatics and gymnastics. The aim of the ...study is to study and comparatively analyze the features of the 2D: 4D finger proportions in the "upper" and "lower" female partners in paired female acrobatics and among the female athletes involved in artistic gymnastics, referred to adolescence; confirmation of the influence of the 2D:4D finger ratio on the athletic capabilities of athletes and the formation of their sexual somatotype.
It has been proved that the presence in these groups of female athletes with certain values of the inverse, andromorphic sexual somatotype indicates an increased level of testosterone in the body of these athletes and inverse adaptive changes with the formation of masculinization phenomena in them. Research methods and organization. To conduct research on the features of the 2D:4D finger proportions in the "upper" and "lower" female partner athletes in paired female acrobatics and in athletes engaged in artistic gymnastics, the following methods were used: anthropometric method to determine: IPD) and somatotyping according to the classification of J. Tanner and W. Marshall; 2) measurement and comparison of II and IV fingers of the hands of athletes using the finger ratio method according to J.T. Menning – 2D:4D Digit Ratio; 3) as well
as the method of literary analysis, using available sources of information; 4) method of mathematical statistics. Organization of the study. This study was conducted in 2019-2020 with the involvement of 31 pairs of acrobats and 59 athletes involved in artistic gymnastics in Ukraine (Nikolaev and Poltava). "Lower" acrobats and gymnasts
(n=90) - adolescent – 19.35±1.07 years; "Upper" acrobats (n=31) – pubertal age – 14.68±1.14 years (p≤0,01). Their experience in these sports ranged from 2.5 to 10 years. The level of sportsmanship – from I-III sports category to a candidate for master of sports, master of sports. Research results. After carrying out the study of the necessary anthropometric measurements for each participant (indicators of the width of the shoulders and pelvis, the length of the II and IV fingers of both hands) and processing the obtained anthropometric values, the values of the sexual dimorphism index (SDI) in each study group were determined by mathematical recalculation.
The purpose of this article is to identify and quantify the benefits of yoga practice, particularly in the most severe of the coronavirus pandemic and related lockdown periods. The subject of the ...research was the form and quality of online yoga practice, which has become an alternative to sports and stationary activities. The most important health benefits of yoga practice are also discussed. Using the method of analysis of documents and sources, the role and importance of yoga in the health context and its advantages related to maintaining health during the coronavirus pandemic have been demonstrated.
The authors of the publication also made an original quantitative and qualitative analysis of individual forms of online yoga practice, according to the most popular and used tools and technologies in this discipline. An analysis of functionalities conducted on Facebook and Instagram social networking sites, live broadcasts, applications that can be installed on smartphones and channels on the YouTube website, publishing videos for joint yoga practice, was developed. Using own observation and SWOT analysis, all the strengths and weaknesses of online yoga practice, as well as its opportunities and threats, were presented.
Recent years of general life well-being have significantly affected for the perception of free time by rich societies. In the second half of the 20th century, active recreation and caring about ...health weren't be the main pillar necessary to maintain physical and mental health. Sport was treated only as work, and only professionals athletes did it. In the 21st century, the situation changed radically. Some people started saying that active recreation allow maintain mental and physical balance, which contributes to more effective work in other aspects of life. Interest in sport in free time started increase, what contributed to the emergence of new industries, which are sport services. Organizing mass running events, opening new fitness clubs and coaching services have become a job for many former professional athletes. With the growing popularity of amateur sport, it started to be a part of the professional sport, and eventually became a part of it. Health improvement has stopped be the basic motivational factor of an amateur athlete, it has been replaced by the desire to achieve good sports results, which is associated with increased interest in prohibited substances in this environment. Therefore, main goal of this article is to check the knowledge of doping issues in sport amateur enviroment and to verify commonness of doping in mass running events. Another important aspect is a anti-doping secure in mass running events. Correct functioning of anti-doping prevention during competitions is necessary to expand knowledge about doping in general society.
Background. The article presents the findings of physical development and functional status screening in school children aged 8-9 years. The objective of the study was to determine factor structure ...of morpho-functional status in primary school students. Material and methods. The study involved 229 primary school children including 116 students aged 8 and 113 students aged 9. The following methods were used: theoretical methods (analysis and synthesis, generalization, induction and deduction), medical and biological methods (somatometry, somatoscopy, and physiometry), and methods of mathematical statistics. The factor structure of morpho-functional state of 8-9-year-old boys and girls was determined: physical development had the largest contribution to the total variance (32.74% in boys and 33.38% in girls); the functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory system together contributed 35.87% in boys and 38.27% in girls. Results. In 8-9-year-old boys, the most informative parameters were the body measurements such as body weight (r = 0.987at p<0.01), waist circumference (r = 0.981 at p<0.01), and hip circumference (r = 0.974 at p<0.01), as well as the functional indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems such as diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.864 at p<0.01), heart rate at relative rest (r =-0.856 at p<0.01), and breath-holding tests (r =0.799 at p<0.01; r =0.730 at p<0.01).In 8-9-year-old girls, the most informative morpho-functional screening indicators also included the body measurements: BW (r= 0.984 atp<0.01) and waist circumference (r= 0.984 atp<0.01); as well as the indicator sof body fat such as suprailiac skinfold (r=0.973atp<0.01) and subscapular skinfold (r=0.955 at p<0.01). Conclusion. The obtained results have a prognostic value for individualization and differentiation of pedagogical process, and also for evaluation of the influence of basic pedagogical means and methods in the process of physical education of primary school students.
The subject of this publication is Sagarmatha National Park located in Nepal, along with the consequences of its popularity among all worlds and the effects of using the environment on selected ...specific cases. The main purpose of the work is to illustrate the included natural and social conditions as well as the state and perspectives for the development of operational functions in the park. The economic situation of the country will also be presented, taking into account the conditions conducive to the development of inbound tourism.High mountains have now become one of the main collections of scientific research. One of the reasons is the intensive transformation available from the mass nature of qualified tourism or mountain climbing. The world has entered the multifaceted era of 'tourism'. The natural values of the environment are currently covered by one of the basic elements of the supply of the harvest. Man cannot be chased from the mountains! It is necessary to include his harmonized sport, tourism and economic interests with nature protection. Tourism supported and contributes to the development of various forms of nature and environmental protection, which are the first national parks and nature reserves: Yellowstone in the USA founded in 1872, the Royal National Park in Australia founded by the British in modern colonies in 1879 or the second historical Banff National Park in Canada created in 1885. Contemporary forms of environmental protection originate from the romantic west over wild nature and associated with progressive industrialization in the nineteenth century destroying natural ecosystems on an unprecedented scale. Although the ideas of nature protection may already be sought in antiquity for activities that will then be related to religious worship. In China, the first laws on nature protection were announced 4,000 years ago, and in India about 3,000 years ago. The declaration on the protection of forest resources was issued in 1671 by the Danish King Christian V, and 34 years later also by Russian Tsar Peter I. In Poland, the first symptoms of care for forest resources concern the place in 1337, during the reign of Casimir the Great, when he announced statutes prohibiting logging in other people's forests. Conscious protection of the disappearing species in the form of royal law takes place at the end of the 16th century, which provisions protect the forced turns as a result of cutting out large tracts of forests.In Nepal, ecological awareness of the power elites and local people has matured for a long time. Robbery of forest management was widely used, wood for fuel or land was obtained for arable crops. It wasn't until the mid-1960s that King Mahendra issued the first laws on nature protection and provided for penalties for its destruction. The descendant and heir to the throne of King Mahendra - Birendra permanently introduced the protection of natural resources to the country's development plans and in the first year of his reign (1973) he issued the Act on National Parks and Nature Conservation, which took care of a number of animal species and established the first Royal Chitwan National Park. In subsequent years, new national parks and reserves were created in naturally valuable areas. There are 8 national parks in Nepal. The protected areas cover a total of 13% of the area.The inspiration to write this study was data analysis and own observation of both the natural resources of the Sagarmatha National Park, as well as the attitude to the natural environment of its inhabitants as well as athletes and tourists.
During a single season, animators work with several thousand hotel guests. Parents and their children expect entertainment and attractions at a high level. Certainly, animation is a lot of fun. ...However, it is associated with numerous challenges. The aim of this study described in this article was to identify the most common benefits and challenges reported by animators in the survey conducted the by authors. The first part outlines the job of a leisure animator in the light of the literature. The main part is concerned with the benefits of working as an animator and challenges that animators can face in their work. The study is based on data collected during an online questionnaire survey involving 110 animators from Poland, working in various travel agencies. The findings confirm the main hypothesis of the study: opportunities to interact with people and travel are the most frequently reported advantages of leisure animation. Animation is also seen as a chance for self-fulfillment and continuous development. However, the job is associated with a lot of stress and long working hours, which constitute one of its challenges.
The purpose of the study is to determine the dynamics of pain intensity in different parts of the spine in women of the first mature age under the influence of pilates.
Materials and methods. 64 ...women took part in research. The women were divided into two groups, each of which included 32 people. The study was carried out at the Sokol sports club and the Olimp fitness club in Kiev. We used the questionnaire “Visual analogue scale of pain”.
Results. We measured the level of pain in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine of women of the first mature age. It was found that only 4.69 % of women do not have pain. It was found that women of the first mature age the most often feel painin the cervical region. The women of the control group were engaged in a typical Pilates program. The women of the experimental group were engaged in the author’s program, a feature of which was the use of large equipment during classes. In addition, women who could not attend classes were offered the Pilates computer program. For the experiment, no statistically significant difference between the level of pain in different parts of the spine of women was established. After the experiment, a statistically significant decrease in the level of pain in the lumbar section of women in the experimental group was recorded compared with women in the control group.
Conclusions. The results indicate the effectiveness of large equipment to reduce the level of pain in the back of a woman.
Background. The physical benefits of fitness for middle-aged women are well-known. Unlike the usual training sessions, aquafitness occupies a special place among the types of health-related exercise ...training. Its health-enhancing effect results from the activation of the body's functional systems, the gravitational unloading of the musculoskeletal system, high energy expenditures, and overall body hardening effect.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the health-enhancing effects of an aquafitness program on the functional indicators and physical fitness of early adulthood women.
Materials and methods. Theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, anthropometric techniques, pedagogical methods, and methods of mathematical statistics were used. The functional status of the body was assessed with the indices characterizing the function of the cardiorespiratory system, which are commonly used. The study was conducted at the Sport Life fitness club, Chernivtsi. The study involved 48 women aged 21-31 with an average age of 26.3 years. The subjects took part in a six-month aquafitness program consisting of 60-min sessions, three times a week. The program was developed by the authors and included aquatic stretching, body shaping and bodybuilding exercise, aquadance, aquatic gymnastics, and aqua tae-bo.
Results. After participation in the exercise program: vital capacity increased from 45.96±4.69 to 48.88±0.68; strength index increased from 35.80±1.07 to 43.26±0.71; Robinson's index increased from 85.72±12.34 to 89.63±10.11; Shtange test increased from 30.28±10.32 to 37.78±12.34; Hench test changed from 16.48±4.24 to 25.19±4.58; Kerdo index decreased from 5.23±0.74 to 0.88±0.38; and Rufier's test decreased from 12.21±4.26 to 8.03±2.14. The assessment of somatic health of the women showed a significant improvement (p<0.05). Positive changes in the autonomic system were detected.
Conclusion. The developed aquafitness program can be an effective tool for health improvement and body weight management in early adulthood women.
Artykuł prezentuje problematykę innowacyjności w podróżowaniu, w tym aktualne i pojawiające się trendy w zakresie obiektów noclegowych oraz środków transportu i rekreacji, popularnych zwłaszcza wśród ...najmłodszych pokoleń, wchodzących na rynek usług turystycznych. Poprzez zmianę współczesnego turysty i charakterystyczne cechy pokoleń ludzi wkraczających w dorosłość w XXI w. obrazuje możliwe konsekwencje oraz rozwój obiektów noclegowych i form przemieszczania się. Poszczególne tendencje omawiane są na wybranych przykładach oraz klasyfikowane. Artykuł zawiera również wyniki pilotażowego badania sondażowego, odzwierciedlające wskazany w teorii i praktyce kierunek, które mogą stać się podstawą dalszych pogłębionych badań. (abstrakt oryginalny)
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