Posttreatment of titanium oxide (TiO2) using lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) precursors is widely adopted to modify the charge quenching property in perovskite solar cells (PSCs); however, the ...fundamental understanding of the effect of the modification layer on the material itself and, consequently, the photovoltaic performance stability is not complete. In this work, in situ X‐ray diffraction measurements show that the Li and Co ions can diffuse into TiO2 and consequently accelerate the rutile phase transformation. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal the appearance of a Ti3+ feature in both the Li‐ and Co‐treated samples, suggesting that the treatment ions are partially located at the subsurface/surface of the spin‐cast TiO2 layer. The Li‐treated TiO2 exhibits greatly upshifted conduction band edges, which benefits charge extraction properties and improves the average device parameters in a complete PSC. To complement the experiments, density functional theory calculations are performed. While Li treatment initially results in enhanced electronic properties, Li‐treated TiO2 tends to have more surface vacancies over time and is more susceptible to adsorption and accumulation of iodide ions compared to the Co‐treated sample, which is experimentally supported by surface photovoltage spectroscopy and time‐resolved photoluminescence results.
Photovoltaic materials are impacted by the photoinduced charge separation behavior, which can be further improved by modifying the underlying layer that the perovskite is prepared on top of. The impacts of using alkali salts on porous TiO2 from experimental and computational points of view are investigated to understand such surface passivation of a solar cell device.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are a severe health concern worldwide. HBV is a DNA virus with a rapid rate of mutation. Based on heterogeneity of the nucleotide sequence, the HBV strains are ...divided into nine genotypes, each with a characteristic geographical distribution. Identifying and tracking alterations of HBV genotypes is important in epidemiological and transmission studies, and contributes to predicting the risk for development of severe liver disease and response to antiviral treatment. The present study was undertaken to detect HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes in the general population of different states and regions in Myanmar.
In 2015, a total of 5547 adults of the general population, residing in seven states, seven regions and the Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory, were screened for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) by the immunochromatographic test (ICT). Of the 353 HBsAg positive samples, the HBVDNA was identified using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) targeting the DNA sequences encoding the Pre-S region. A total of 153 PCR positive samples were subsequently subjected to genotyping by partial genome sequencing in both directions. The resulting sequences were then edited, aligned, and compared with reference sequences using the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) web-based genotyping tool.
Three HBV genotypes (HBV genotype B, genotype C and genotype D) were detected in Myanmar, of which genotype HBV genotype C (66.7%) was the most prevalent, followed by HBV genotype D (32%) and HBV genotype B (1.3%). Sub-genotyping revealed a total of 7 variants within the B, C and D genotypes: 2 (B4 and B5) in HBV genotype B, 3 (C1, C5 and C7) in HBV genotype C, and 2 (D3 and D6) in HBV genotype D.
HBV genotype C, sub-genotype C1 was predominantly distributed in all states and regions of Myanmar. This study is the first report on the nationwide distribution of HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes in Myanmar. We believe our findings will enable huge support for the hepatitis disease surveillance program, since HBV infection is one of the National Priority Diseases in Myanmar.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Photovoltaic Performance Stability
The most fundamental properties of photovoltaic materials are impacted by the photoinduced charge separation behavior, which can be improved by modifying the ...underlying layer that the perovskite is prepared on top. In article number 2201632, Non Thongprong, Nopporn Rujisamphan, and colleagues investigate the impacts of using alkali salts on porous TiO2 from experimental and computational points of view to provide a better understanding of such surface passivation.
An understanding of the spectrum–property relationship of perovskite solar cells when illuminated by light‐emitting diodes that are used for indoor applications is necessary. Herein, it is aimed to ...explore the influences of correlated‐color temperatures on a MAPbI3‐based device under low‐light conditions. Given an irradiance of approximately 3 W m−2 (or ≈1000 lx), a maximum free carrier generation rate of 1.0 × 1021 m−3 s−1 was found. Additionally, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 31.97%, 30.36%, and 28.98% with maximum power outputs of 13.66, 13.02, and 16.09 μW could be reached at 3000, 4000, and 6500 K, respectively. Additional increases in the PCEs were observed when high‐energy blue light (in a range of 400–550 nm) was excluded during the current–voltage sweeps. In combination with the surface photovoltage measurements, intense blue light (under 6500 K) had a minimal influence on the photoinduced charge separation signals when compared to those caused by 3000 and 4000 K light. As a solar cell, the PCE reached as high as 34.52%, which corresponded to 73.08% of the thermodynamic limit of its bandgap at 3000 K.
Herein, the impacts of the correlated‐color temperatures (CCTs) of LEDs on a single‐cation perovskite material MAPbI3 are highlighted. Based on the irradiant spectrum, an emphasis is placed on the theoretical prediction of the free carrier generation rate and maximum current density as a function of the CCT.
Background
Sickle cell disease (SCD) includes a group of inherited haemoglobinopathies affecting multiple organs including the eyes. Some people with SCD develop ocular manifestations. ...Vision‐threatening complications are mainly due to proliferative sickle retinopathy, which is characterised by proliferation of new blood vessels. Laser photocoagulation is widely applicable in proliferative retinopathies. It is important to evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser photocoagulation in the treatment of proliferative sickle retinopathy (PSR) to prevent sight‐threatening complications.
Objectives
To evaluate the effectiveness of various techniques of laser photocoagulation therapy in SCD‐related proliferative retinopathy.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group’s Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference books. Date of last search: 4 July 2022.
We also searched the following resources (26 June 2022): Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature Database (LILACS); WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platforms (ICTRP); and ClinicalTrials.gov.
Selection criteria
Randomised controlled trials comparing laser photocoagulation to no treatment in children and adults with SCD.
Data collection and analysis
Two review authors independently assessed eligibility and risk of bias of the included trials; we extracted and analysed data, contacting trial authors for additional information. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE criteria.
Main results
We included three trials (414 eyes of 339 children and adults) comparing the efficacy and safety of laser photocoagulation to no therapy in people with PSR. There were 160 males and 179 females ranging in age from 13 to 67 years. The trials used different laser photocoagulation techniques; one single‐centre trial employed sectoral scatter laser photocoagulation using an argon laser; a two‐centre trial employed feeder vessel coagulation using argon laser in one centre and xenon arc in the second centre; while a third trial employed focal scatter laser photocoagulation using argon laser. The mean follow‐up periods were 21 to 32 months in one trial, 42 to 47 months in a second, and 48 months in the third. Two trials had a high risk of allocation bias due to the randomisation method for participants with bilateral disease; the third trial had an unclear risk of selection bias. One trial was at risk of reporting bias. Given the unit of analysis is the eye rather than the individual, we chose to report the data narratively.
Using sectoral scatter laser photocoagulation, one trial (174 eyes) reported no difference between groups for complete regression of PSR: 30.2% in the laser group and 22.4% in the control group. The same trial also reported no difference between groups in the development of new PSR: 34.3% of lasered eyes and 41.3% of control eyes (very low‐certainty evidence). The two‐centre trial using feeder vessel coagulation, only presented data at follow‐up for one centre (mean period of nine years) and reported the development of new sea fan in 48.0% in the treated and 45.0% in the control group; no statistical significance (P = 0.64). A third trial reported regression in 55% of the laser group versus 28.6% of controls and progression of PSR in 10.5% of treated versus 25.7% of control eyes. We graded the evidence for these two primary outcomes as very low‐certainty evidence.
The sectoral scatter laser photocoagulation trial reported visual loss in 3.0% of treated eyes (mean follow‐up 47 months) versus 12.0% of controlled eyes (mean follow‐up 42 months) (P = 0.019). The feeder vessel coagulation trial reported visual loss in 1.14% of the laser group and 7.5% of the control group (mean follow‐up 26 months at one site and 32 months in another) (P = 0.07). The focal scatter laser photocoagulation trial (mean follow‐up of four years) reported that 72/73 eyes had the same visual acuity, while visual loss was seen in only one eye from the control group. We graded the certainty of the evidence as very low.
The sectoral scatter laser trial detected vitreous haemorrhage in 12.0% of the laser group and 25.3% of control with a mean follow‐up of 42 (control) to 47 months (treated) (P ≤ 0.5). The two‐centre feeder vessel coagulation trial observed vitreous haemorrhage in 3.4% treated eyes (mean follow‐up 26 months) versus 27.5% control eyes (mean follow‐up 32 months); one centre (mean follow‐up nine years) reported vitreous haemorrhage in 1/25 eyes (4.0%) in the treatment group and 9/20 eyes (45.0%) in the control group (P = 0.002). The scatter laser photocoagulation trial reported that vitreous haemorrhage was not seen in the treated group compared to 6/35 (17.1%) eyes in the control group and appeared only in the grades B and (PSR) stage III) (P < 0.05). We graded evidence for this outcome as low‐certainty.
Regarding adverse effects, only one occurrence of retinal tear was reported. All three trials reported on retinal detachment, with no significance across the treatment and control groups (low‐certainty evidence). One trial reported on choroidal neovascularization, with treatment with xenon arc found to be associated with a significantly higher risk, but visual loss related to this complication is uncommon with long‐term follow‐up of three years or more.
The included trials did not report on other adverse effects or quality of life.
Authors' conclusions
Our conclusions are based on the data from three trials (two of which were conducted over 30 years ago). Given the limited evidence available, which we assessed to be of low‐ or very low‐certainty, we are uncertain whether laser therapy for sickle cell retinopathy improves the outcomes measured in this review. This treatment does not appear to have an effect on clinical outcomes such as regression of PSR and development of new incidences. No evidence is available assessing efficacy in relation to patient‐important outcomes (such as quality of life or the loss of a driving licence). Further research is needed to examine the safety of laser treatment compared to other interventions such as intravitreal injection of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) . Patient‐important outcomes as well as cost‐effectiveness should be addressed.
Background
Several dual bronchodilator combinations of long‐acting beta2‐agonist (LABA) and long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) have been approved for treatment of stable chronic obstructive ...pulmonary disease (COPD). The current GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) recommendations suggest the use of LABA/LAMA combinations in people with group B COPD with persistent symptoms, group C COPD with further exacerbations on LAMA therapy alone and group D COPD with or without inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Fixed‐dose combination (FDC) of aclidinium/formoterol is one of the approved LABA/LAMA therapies for people with stable COPD.
Objectives
To assess the efficacy and safety of combined aclidinium bromide and long‐acting beta2‐agonists in stable COPD.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register (CAGR), ClinicalTrials.gov, World Health Organization (WHO) trials portal, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and manufacturers' websites as well as the reference list of published trials up to 12 October 2018.
Selection criteria
Parallel‐group randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing combined aclidinium bromide and LABAs in people with stable COPD.
Data collection and analysis
We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane for data collection and analysis. The primary outcomes were exacerbations requiring a short course of an oral steroid or antibiotic, or both; quality of life measured by a validated scale and non‐fatal serious adverse events (SAEs). Where the outcome or study details were not reported, we contacted the study investigators or pharmaceutical company trial co‐ordinators (or both) for missing data.
Main results
We identified RCTs comparing aclidinium/formoterol FDC versus aclidinium, formoterol or placebo only. We included seven multicentre trials of four to 52 weeks' duration conducted in outpatient settings. There were 5921 participants, whose mean age ranged from 60.7 to 64.7 years, mostly men with a mean smoking pack‐years of 46.4 to 61.3 of which 43.9% to 63.4% were current smokers. They had a moderate‐to‐severe degree of COPD with a mean postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) between 50.5% and 61% of predicted normal and the baseline mean FEV1 of 1.23 L to 1.43 L. We assessed performance and detection biases as low for all studies whereas selection, attrition and reporting biases were either low or unclear.
FDC versus aclidinium
There was no evidence of a difference between FDC and aclidinium for exacerbations requiring steroids or antibiotics, or both (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27; 2 trials, 2156 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence); quality of life measured by St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score (MD –0.92, 95% CI –2.15 to 0.30); participants with significant improvement in SGRQ score (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.41; 2 trials, 2002 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence); non‐fatal SAE (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.80; 3 trials, 2473 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence); hospital admissions due to severe exacerbations (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.29; 2 trials, 2156 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence) or adverse events (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.18; 3 trials, 2473 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence). Compared with aclidinium, FDC improved symptoms (Transitional Dyspnoea Index (TDI) focal score: MD 0.37, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.68; 2 trials, 2013 participants) with a higher chance of achieving a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of at least one unit improvement (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.62; high‐certainty evidence); the number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) being 14 (95% CI 9 to 39).
FDC versus formoterol
When compared to formoterol, combination therapy reduced exacerbations requiring steroids or antibiotics, or both (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.99; 3 trials, 2694 participants; high‐certainty evidence); may decrease SGRQ total score (MD –1.88, 95% CI –3.10 to –0.65; 2 trials, 2002 participants; low‐certainty evidence; MCID for SGRQ is 4 units); increased TDI focal score (MD 0.42, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.72; 2 trials, 2010 participants) with more participants attaining an MCID (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.56; high‐certainty evidence) and an NNTB of 16 (95% CI 10 to 60). FDC lowered the risk of adverse events compared to formoterol (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.93; 5 trials, 3140 participants; high‐certainty evidence; NNTB 22). However, there was no difference between FDC and formoterol for hospital admissions, all‐cause mortality and non‐fatal SAEs.
FDC versus placebo
Compared with placebo, FDC demonstrated no evidence of a difference in exacerbations requiring steroids or antibiotics, or both (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.12; 2 trials, 1960 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence) or hospital admissions due to severe exacerbations (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.18; 2 trials, 1960 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence), although estimates were uncertain. Quality of life measure by SGRQ total score was significantly better with FDC compared to placebo (MD –2.91, 95% CI –4.33 to –1.50; 2 trials, 1823 participants) resulting in a corresponding increase in SGRQ responders who achieved at least four units decrease in SGRQ total score (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.13; high‐certainty evidence) with an NNTB of 7 (95% CI 5 to 12). FDC also improved symptoms measured by TDI focal score (MD 1.32, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.69; 2 studies, 1832 participants) with more participants attaining at least one unit improvement in TDI focal score (OR 2.51, 95% CI 2.02 to 3.11; high‐certainty evidence; NNTB 4). There were no differences in non‐fatal SAEs, adverse events and all‐cause mortality between FDC and placebo.
Combination therapy significantly improved trough FEV1 compared to aclidinium, formoterol or placebo.
Authors' conclusions
FDC improved dyspnoea and lung function compared to aclidinium, formoterol or placebo, and this translated into an increase in the number of responders on combination treatment. Quality of life was better with combination compared to formoterol or placebo. There was no evidence of a difference between FDC and monotherapy or placebo for exacerbations, hospital admissions, mortality, non‐fatal SAEs or adverse events. Studies reported a lower risk of moderate exacerbations and adverse events with FDC compared to formoterol; however, larger studies would yield a more precise estimate for these outcomes.
Background
Sickle cell disease includes a group of inherited haemoglobinopathies affecting multiple organs including the eyes. Some people with the disease develop ocular manifestations due to ...vaso‐occlusion. Vision‐threatening complications of sickle cell disease are mainly due to proliferative sickle retinopathy which is characterized by proliferation of new blood vessels. Laser photocoagulation is widely applicable in proliferative retinopathies such as proliferative sickle retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. It is important to evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser photocoagulation in the treatment of proliferative sickle retinopathy to prevent sight‐threatening complications.
Objectives
To evaluate the effectiveness of various techniques of laser photocoagulation therapy in sickle cell disease‐related retinopathy.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group’s Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference books. Date of last search: 21 September 2015.
We also searched the following resources (24 March 2015): Latin American and Carribean Health Science Literature Database (LILACS); WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platforms (ICTRP); and ClinicalTrials.gov.
Selection criteria
Randomised controlled trials comparing laser photocoagulation to no treatment in children and adults.
Data collection and analysis
Two authors independently assessed trial eligibility, the risk of bias of the included trials and extracted and analysed data. We contacted the trial authors for additional information.
Main results
Two trials (341 eyes of 238 children and adults) were included comparing efficacy and safety of laser photocoagulation to no therapy in people with proliferative sickle retinopathy. There were 121 males and 117 females with an age range from 13 to 67 years. The laser photocoagulation technique used was different in the two trials; one single‐centre trial employed sectoral scatter laser photocoagulation using an argon laser; and the second, two‐centre trial, employed feeder vessel coagulation using argon laser in one centre and xenon arc in the second centre. The follow‐up period ranged from a mean of 21 to 32 months in one trial and 42 to 47 months in the second. Both trials were at risk of selection bias (random sequence generation) because of the randomisation method employed for participants with bilateral disease. One study was considered to be at risk of reporting bias.
Using sectoral scatter laser photocoagulation, one trial (174 eyes) reported that complete regression of proliferative sickle retinopathy was seen in 30.2% in the laser group and 22.4% in the control group (no difference between groups). The same trial reported the development of new proliferative sickle retinopathy in 34.3% of laser‐treated eyes and in 41.3% of eyes given no treatment; again, there was no difference between treatment groups. The second trial, using feeder vessel coagulation, did not present full data for either treatment group for these outcomes.
There was evidence from both trials (341 eyes) that laser photocoagulation using scatter laser or feeder vessel coagulation may prevent the loss of vision in eyes with proliferative sickle retinopathy (at median follow up of 21 to 47 months). Data from both trials indicated that laser treatment prevented the occurrence of vitreous haemorrhage with both argon and xenon laser; with the protective effect being greater with feeder vessel laser treatment compared to scatter photocoagulation.
Regarding adverse effects, the incidence of retinal tear was minimal, with only one event reported. Combined data from both trials were available for 341 eyes; there was no difference between the laser and control arms for retinal detachment. In relation to choroidal neovascularization, treatment with xenon arc was found to be associated with a significantly higher risk, but visual loss related to this complication is uncommon with long‐term follow up of three years or more.
Data regarding quality of life and other adverse effects were not reported in the included trials.
Authors' conclusions
Our conclusions are based on the data from two trials conducted over 20 years ago. In the absence of further evidence, laser treatment for sickle cell disease‐related retinopathy should be considered as a one of therapeutic options for preventing visual loss and vitreous haemorrhage. However, it does not appear to have a significant different effect on other clinical outcomes such as regression of proliferative sickle retinopathy and development of new ones. No evidence is available assessing efficacy in relation to patient‐important outcomes (such as quality of life or the loss of a driving licence). There is limited evidence on safety, overall, scatter argon laser photocoagulation is superior in terms of adverse effects, although feeder vessel coagulation has a better effect in preventing vitreous haemorrhage. Further research is needed to examine the safety of laser treatment compared to other interventions such as intravitreal injection of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factors. In addition, patient‐important outcomes as well as cost‐effectiveness should be addressed.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a major health concern globally. Genomic epidemiology is an important tool to assess the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 ...(COVID-19). Several mutations have been reported by genome analysis of the SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, we investigated the mutational and phylogenetic analysis of 30 whole-genome sequences for the virus's genomic characteristics in the specimens collected in the early phase of the pandemic (March-June, 2020) and the sudden surge of local transmission (August-September, 2020). The four samples in the early phase of infection were B.6 lineage and located within a clade of the samples collected at the same time in Singapore and Malaysia, while five returnees by rescue flights showed the lineage B. 1.36.1 (three from India), B.1.1 (one from India) and B.1.80 (one from China). However, there was no evidence of local spread from these returnees. Further, all 19 whole-genome sequences collected in the sudden surge of local transmission showed lineage B.1.36. The surge of the second wave on SARS-CoV-2 infection was linked to the single-introduction of a variant (B.1.36) that may result from the strict restriction of international travel and containment efforts. These genomic data provides the useful information to disease control and prevention strategy.
Phytoplankton are the foundation of food webs and the most important producer in aquatic ecosystems. They can photosynthesize and convert light energy into organic energy. They are a secrete ...ingredients used as a bioindicator of water quality and pollution. This study investigated composition of phytoplankton in freshwater body of Sunye lake, Mandalay region. The study was conducted one year from January 2020 to December 2020. According to the study, out of 47 total algal genera; Chlorophyceae (14 genera), Baciliophyceae (11 genera); Cyonophyceae (nine genera); Zygnematophyceae (two genera), Euglenophyceae (one genera) and Conjugatophyceae (one genera) were recorded. In this study, among total genera of 37, the class of Chlorophyceae (45%) is the largest group followed by (28%), Bacillariophyceae Cyanophyceae (19%), Zygnematophyceae (4%), Euglenophyceae (2%) and Conjugatophyceae (2%). This present check list study will be useful base line data for further study of phytoplankton in the lake. Aims: The aim of study is to record and give the information’s of phytoplankton existence and useful data for further study and lake ecosystem. Study Design: The water sample was collected monthly early morning once a week throughout the study period. Place and Duration of Study: These sample were collected from natural freshwater Sunye lake during January 2020 to December 2020 for one year period. Methodology: Phytoplankton samples were taken by filtering through 25 µm mesh plankton net and preserved with a Lugol‘s solution and kept in refrigerator for further study. The sample was identified and took photograph by using the microscope (OPTIKA). The results of phytoplanktons were checked with phytoplankton identification key, taxonomic database site. Results: In the present study, 47 genera belong to the six different classes of phytoplanktons were recorded Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Zygnematophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Conjugatophyceae. Conclusion: The current study is first time to study the checklist of phytoplankton in Sunye Lake and should be continuously study to update the checklist data of phytoplankton genera and seasonally abundance which is important indicators of lake ecosystem.
Since the introduction of immune modulators in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there has been hope that orally effective biologic agents would be developed. Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase ...inhibitor, has become the first oral biologic to receive approval for use in active RA patients. This paper reviews the efficacy and safety profile of Tofacitinib at dosages of 5 mg and 10 mg twice daily. Remarkable improvement in terms of ACR 20 response and HAQ-DI score was noted at month 3 and month 6. DAS 28-4 ESR < 2.6 achievement was noticeably obvious at month 6 for both dosages. No significant serious adverse events, serious infections, neutropenia, or anaemia were observed compared to placebo. In fact, Tofacitinib 5 mg was even found to have significant protective effect of anaemia in the meta-analysis (P=0.004). Tofacitinib has a noticeable efficacy in controlling disease activity in RA with a manageable safety profile. However, longer studies are needed for its long-term safety profile.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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