Network Virtualization, as an irresistible trend for building future Internet, create a virtual topology on the top of the current network architecture and provide end-to-end quality of service ...guarantees. By utilizing the flexibility of the virtual network, this paper proposes a novel and reliable model for IPTV service delivery using network virtualization. The challenging issues in our model are the virtual network topology construction and virtual network embedding. Since the current network topologies are not sufficient enough to be applied, an advanced topology named Multi-Depots Ring-Star with 2-Depots per Ring is proposed for improving the efficiency and reliability of the IPTV service delivery network. We also develop a VN construction and allocation framework which reduces the difficulty of topology reconstruction problem caused by the unpredictability of virtual network embedding results.
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine （5hmC） is an important mammalian DNA epigenetic modification that has been linked to gene regulation and cancer pathogenesis. Here we explored the diagnostic potential of 5hmC ...in circulating cell-free DNA （cfDNA） using a sensitive chemical labeling-based low-input shotgun sequencing approach. We sequenced cell- free 5hmC from 49 patients of seven different cancer types and found distinct features that could be used to predict cancer types and stages with high accuracy. Specifically, we discovered that lung cancer leads to a progressive global loss of 5hmC in cfDNA, whereas hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer lead to disease-specific changes in the cell-free hydroxymethylome. Our proof-of-principle results suggest that cell-free 5hmC signatures may potentially be used not only to identify cancer types but also to track tumor stage in some cancers.
According to the estimation by IEA, the natural gas can become the main energy by the middle of this century. Being a typical network industry, pipeline transportation has vertical integration ...characteristics. But in view of pipeline transportation' professional barrier, the domestic research into pipeline transportation integrated pricing is rare, even still blank in how to guarantee fairness between pipeline operators and other intermediate traders of natural gas. This paper studied the pricing question above, analyzed the price discrimination and non-price discrimination of pipeline inserted pricing, and finally constructed a natural gas pipeline transportation model which realized the non-price discrimination.
To extract gold from a low-grade(13.43 g/t) and high-sulfur(39.94wt% sulfide sulfur) Carlin-type gold concentrate from the Nibao deposit, Guizhou, a bio-pretreatment followed by carbon-in-pulp(CIP) ...cyanide leaching process was used. Various methods were used to detect the low-grade gold in the concentrate; however, only time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) was successful. With bio-pretreatment, the gold recovery rate increased by approximately 70.16% compared with that obtained by direct cyanide leaching of the concentrate. Various attempts were made to increase the final gold recovery rate. However, approximately 20wt% of the gold was non-extractable. To determine the nature of this non-extractable gold, mineralogy liberation analysis(MLA), formation of secondary product during the bio-pretreatment, and the preg-robbing capacity of the carbonaceous matter in the ore were investigated. The results indicated that at least four factors affected the gold recovery rate: gold occurrence, tight junctions of gold-bearing pyrite with gangue minerals, jarosite coating of the ore, and the carbonaceous matter content.
Privacy issue is receiving a great deal of attention since the need of privacy is increasing and new threats are emerging. The growing concern of users for their personal information has made it ...critical to implant effective technologies for privacy and data management. A common way for privacy preservation is restricting access to data like the classic Role-based Access Control (RBAC) Model. But the RBAC is limited as it does not provide users enough flexibilities and functionalities. In order to minimize the disclosure of data and support higher flexibilities for users to manage their privacy information, this paper provides a privacy data graph based on the traditional RBAC model to illustrate the linkage between data elements. Moreover, the notion of purpose is added to specify the intended usage of data and allow users to set personal privacy preferences through purpose. A case study in the healthcare domain is provided. As our model is generic, it can be also adapted to other fields. A detailed view of our proposed privacy system with experimental result is provided.
In an untrusted environment, it is hard to ensure that all the available technologies are being used to protect data privacy. Once user's data is hosted outside of his/her local computer, a degree of ...control over his/her privacy information may be lost. Consequently, a variety of threats may arise and result in hazards to the user. For that reason, users want to disclose privacy data in a minimum way so that the potential threats to their data can be also minimized. Thus, the importance of privacy data elements must be verified by individual user. However, user may not be able to achieve this task if the threats are not obvious to the user. To address this problem, in this paper, we present a threat-based privacy preservation system that helps a user to evaluate the importance of privacy data and the risk of disclosing it. In our system, users can specify their privacy preferences by setting penalty values on potential threats. Through a goal-oriented approach, our system can select proper services for users to restrict data disclosure by which the potential threats to users can be minimized.
The optimized growth conditions for high density germanium（Ge） nanowires and P-doped Ge nanowires on Si（111） substrate were investigated,the phosphorus（P）-doping in Ge nanowires was also ...characterized.Vapor liquid solid-low pressure chemical vapor deposition（VLS-LPCVD） of Ge nanowires was conducted with different thicknesses of Au film as catalyst,different flow rates of GeH4 as precursor and PH3/Ar as co-flow.The morphologies of the Ge nanowires were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,the P-doping was verified by micro Raman spectroscopy via measuring the P local vibrational peak（342-345 cm~（-1）） and asymmetric broadening of Ge-Ge vibrational peak（about 300 cm~（-1）,respectively.The characterization results show that 1 run thickness of Au catalyst is the most suitable condition among thicknesses of 0.1,1,5,and 10 nm for the growth of high density Ge nanowires at 300 and 350℃,and 0.5 sccm is the best flow rate of PH3/Ar to grow high density and large scale P-doped Ge nanowires among flow rates of 0.5,1 and 2sccm.The P impurity can be doped into Ge nanowires effectively during LPCVD process at 350 ℃.
Distributed resource allocation is a very important and complex problem in emerging horizontal dynamic cloud federation (HDCF). It differs from the existing vertical supply chain federation (VSCF) ...models in terms of establishing federation and dynamic pricing. There is a need to develop algorithms that can capture this complexity and used to solve distributed VM allocation problem in HDCF platform. In this paper, we propose a game-theoretic solution to this problem that ensures mutual benefits to the CPs in a HDCF platform. We study two resource allocation games - non cooperative and cooperative games to analyze interaction among CPs in HDCF environment. We use price-based resource allocation strategies and present both centralized and distributed algorithms to find optimal solutions which have low overhead and robust performance. Various simulations were carried out to validate and verify the effectiveness of the proposed resource allocation games. The simulation results demonstrate that the cooperative scheme achieves a significant improvement in terms of performance and cost effectiveness of resource. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
A laser diode (LD) continuous-wave (CW) end-pumping high repetition rate electro-optic (EO) Q-switching Nd: YVO(4) laser was experimentally and theoretically studied. In experiments, using BBO single ...crystal as an EO Q-switch, with 10 W pump power, about 170 mW average power was obtained at 1 kHz repetition rate. The dips in the output power curves were analyzed. A reasonable explanation was given and a way of improving the output was pointed out through the graphic analysis of the transmitting and transforming circle.
Objective To investgate the metabolism of terephthalic acid （TPA） in rats and its mechanism. Methods Metabolism was evaluated by incubating sodium terephthalate （NaTPA） with rat normal liver ...microsomes, or with microsomes pretreated by phenobarbital sodium, or with 3-methycholanthrene, or with diet control following a NADPH-generating system. The determination was performed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, and the mutagenic activation was analyzed by umu tester strain Salmonella typhimurium NM2009. Expression of CYP4B 1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results The amount of NaTPA （12.5-200 μmol-L^1） detected by HPLC did not decrease in microsomes induced by NADPH-generating system. Incubation of TPA （0.025-0.1 mmol-L^-1） with induced or noninduced liver microsomes in an NM2009 umu response system did not show any mutagenic activation. TPA exposure increased the expression of CYP4B1 mRNA in rat liver, kidney, and bladder. Contusion Lack of metabolism of TPA in liver and negative genotoxic data from NM2009 study are consistent with other previous short-term tests, suggesting that the carcinogenesis in TPA feeding animals is not directly interfered with TPA itself and/or its metabolites.
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