Phase angle and mortality: a systematic review Garlini, Luíza M; Alves, Fernanda D; Ceretta, Luciane B ...
European journal of clinical nutrition,
04/2019, Letnik:
73, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The phase angle, expressed through bioelectrical impedance, has been studied as a prognostic marker in several health conditions. As this issue is still conflicting, the question whether this ...parameter correlates with mortality in the most diverse clinical situations remains. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between phase angle and mortality through a systematic review of the literature.
This research was conducted in electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, Lilacs, Scielo, e Scopus), and included studies that had phase angle as a variable of interest and mortality/survival as an outcome. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers and disagreements were assessed by a third reviewer.
Forty-eight of 455 papers were assessed and an amount of 42 showed a correlation between phase angle and mortality.
Phase angle seems to be a good indicator for mortality in many clinical situations and can be used in screening individuals prone to this outcome.
In this study, platinum electrodes were fabricated on the bio-based poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Bio-PET) substrates for the development of flexible electrochemical sensors for the detection of ...Parkinson's disease biomarkers. Dopamine was detected by voltammetric measurements, displaying a 3.5 × 10−5 mol L−1 to 8.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 linear range with a limit of detection of 5.1 × 10−6 mol L−1. Parkinson's disease protein 7 (PARK7/DJ-1) was successfully detected by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy after electrode functionalization with specific anti-PARK7/DJ-1 antibodies. In this case, analytical curves presented a linear behavior from 40 ng mL−1 to 150 ng mL−1 of PARK7/DJ-1 with a limit of detection of 7.5 ng mL−1. Besides, the electrodes did not suffer any change in the electrochemical response after manual tests of mechanical tension. The proposed sensor and immunosensor were applied for the determination of Parkinson's disease biomarkers concentrations found in the human body, being adequate as an alternative method to diagnose this disease.
•Novel flexible electrochemical sensor/immunosensor was developed for the detection of Parkinson's disease biomarkers.•Flexible electrodes do not suffer any change in the electrochemical response after mechanical tension.•Dopamine and the Parkinson's disease protein 7 (PARK7/DJ-1) were successfully detected.•The proposed sensors/immunosensor cover the real concentrations of Parkinson's disease biomarkers.
The human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) is the main causative agent of acute respiratory infections (ARI), such as pneumonia and bronchiolitis. One of the factors that lead to success in viral ...replication is the interaction of the M2-2 protein with the ribosomal complex. This interaction is responsible for the phase change of viral activity, acting as an inhibitor or inducer of viral replication, according to the concentration of mRNA. Based on the importance of M2-2 gene and protein have to viral physiology, we performed here evaluations of genetic diversity, phylogenetic reconstructions, phylodynamics, and selection test. Our results suggested an alternative way of classifying this virus in clades A and B, based on a new phylogenetic marker, the M2-2 gene. Therefore, our study is the first one to investigate the dynamics of the evolutionary diversification process of hRSV from the perspective of the M2-2 viral gene. In our study was also identified that the M2-2 gene is under the effect of purifying selection originated by population genetic bottlenecks. Therefore, the M2-2 gene demonstrated an interesting potential to be applied in evolutionary studies involving hRSV, recovering phylogenetic signals and traits of natural selection under the evolution of this virus.
Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder with unfavorable muscle changes throughout life, which can be associated with chronic disease. Testosterone supplementation is ...emerging as a possible therapy; however, it is still necessary to explore its effectiveness.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and summarize the evidence related to the effect of testosterone supplementation on sarcopenia components of chronic disease patients.
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis with studies that assessed the effect of testosterone supplementation on sarcopenia components of chronic disease patients. Papers were identified using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms, combining "sarcopenia", "muscular atrophy", and "testosterone", searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, and also hand searching.
The database search resulted in 1602 applicable citations that could be included. Of those, 1560 were removed at the first phase, by reading the title and abstract, and a total of 17 studies were finally included after full-text assessment and manual searches of previous review references. With regard to the effects of testosterone supplementation on sarcopenia components, when taken together, the evaluated studies presented an increase in muscle mass and/or muscle strength, but results for muscle functional capacity were inconsistent.
Testosterone supplementation increased the muscle mass and muscle strength in chronic disease patients. However, current evidence does not indicate that those patients could benefit from testosterone supplementation in order to improve their muscle function.
The use of agrochemicals has become a standard practice worldwide to ensure the productivity and quality of sugarcane crops. This study aimed to analyze the metabolic changes in sugarcane culms ...treated with five different nematicides. The experimental design was randomized in blocks, and agro-industrial and biometric variables were evaluated. The samples were extracted and then analyzed using LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and LC-HRMS. The data obtained were submitted to statistical methods (PCA and PLS). Fragmentation patterns, retention time, and UV absorptions of the main features were analyzed. The plantations treated with carbosulfan (T4) obtained higher agricultural productivity and total recoverable sugar (TRS), while the use of benfuracarb (T3) was associated with lower growth and lower TRS. Statistical analysis revealed the contribution of the features at
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353 and
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515, assigned as chlorogenic acids, which discriminated the groups. The MS profile also supported the occurrence of flavonoids (C-glycosides and O-glycosides) in the samples.
l‐Methionine γ‐lyase (MGL) is a PLP‐dependent enzyme which catalyzes the α, γ‐elimination reaction in sulfur containing amino acids, such as L‐methionine and L‐cysteine. Its major applications are on ...metabolic restriction of methionine to cancer cells, food industry (cheese flavor) and for the synthesis of d and l‐homoalanine. Herein, we present the immobilization and use of this new immobilized biocatalyst under batch and continuous‐flow conditions. The best optimized continuous‐flow condition allowed 89 % conversion in 30 min of residence time with good recyclability of the biocatalyst.
In this work, L‐methionine γ‐lyase was immobilized and used under continuous‐flow conditions leading to an improved process, which delivered the desired products in short residence times and high yield (30 min, 89 %) when compared to the batch procedure (72 h, 61 %).
This study investigated serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) in bitches with mammary neoplasms, in order to understand their size, shape, and concentration, as well as their association with tumor ...malignancy. Thirty bitches were categorized into control (n = 10), mammary tumor grades I and II (GI, n = 13), and grade III (GII, n = 7). Serum was separated from blood collected during mastectomy, and EVs were isolated using size exclusion chromatography. The analysis revealed no significant differences in EV concentrations among groups, with similar concentrations for control, GI, and GII. Ninety-one proteins were identified in EV-enriched samples, with six showing varied abundance across groups. Notably, keratin 18 was highly abundant in GI, while sushi domain-containing protein, EvC ciliary subunit 2, and the joining chain of multimeric IgM and IgA were increased in GII. Additionally, protocadherin 17 and albumin were upregulated in both GI and GII. ROC curves identified potential biomarkers for differentiating tumor grades. Enrichment pathway analysis revealed AFP gene upregulation in the GI. Mass spectrometry proteomics data were deposited in Mendeley Data. The study provides valuable insights into serum EV characterization in bitches, suggesting keratin 18 and protocadherin 17 as potential biomarkers for canine mammary neoplasia, with implications for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Choosing a medical specialty is an important, complex, and not fully understood process. The present study investigated the factors that are related to choosing and rejecting medical specialties in a ...group of students and recent medical doctors.
A cross-sectional survey of 1,223 medical students and doctors was performed in Brazil in 2012. A standardized literature-based questionnaire was applied that gathered preferable or rejected specialties, and asked questions about extracurricular experiences and the influence of 14 factors on a Likert-type scale from 0 to 4. Specialties were grouped according to lifestyle categories: controllable and uncontrollable, which were subdivided into primary care, internal medicine, and surgical specialties. Notably, the time period of rejection was usually earlier than the time period of intended choice (p < 0.0001, χ(2) = 107.2). The choice mainly occurred during the internship period in medical school (n = 466; 38.7%). An overall large frequency of participation in extracurricular activities was observed (n = 1,184; 95.8%), which were highly associated with the respective medical area. Orthopedic surgery had the highest correlation with participation in specialty-specific organized groups (OR = 59.9, 95% CI = 21.6-166.3) and psychiatry was correlated with participation in research groups (OR = 18.0, 95% CI = 9.0-36.2). With regard to influential factors in controllable lifestyle specialties, "financial reason" (mean score ± standard deviation: 2.8 ± 1.0; median = 3) and "personal time" (3.1 ± 1.3; median = 4) were important factors. In primary care, these factors were less important (1.7 ± 1.3 and 1.7 ± 1.5, respectively; median = 2 for both), and higher scores were observed for "curricular internship" (3.2 ± 1.1, median = 4) and "social commitment" (2.6 ± 1.3, median = 3).
The present findings provide important insights into developing strategies to stimulate interest in specialties based on the needs of the Brazilian healthcare system.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
BACKGROUNDThe effects of obesity on outcomes reported after kidney transplantation have been controversial. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to elucidate this issue.
...METHODSMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and gray literature were searched up to August 6, 2013. Studies that compared obese and nonobese patients who underwent kidney transplantation and evaluated one of these outcomes—delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection, graft or patient survival at 1 or 5 years after transplantation, or death by cardiovascular disease (CVD)—were included. Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of the studies.
RESULTSFrom 1,973 articles retrieved, 21 studies (9,296 patients) were included. Obesity was associated with DGF (relative risk, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.26–1.57; I=8%; Pheterogeneity=0.36), but not with acute rejection. Graft loss and death were associated with obesity only in the analysis of studies that evaluated patients who received a kidney graft before year 2000. No association of obesity with graft loss and death was found in the analysis of studies that evaluated patients who received a kidney graft after year 2000. Death by CVD was associated with obesity (relative risk, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–3.64; I=0%; Pheterogeneity=0.59); however, most studies included in this analysis evaluated patients who received a kidney graft after year 2000.
CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, obese patients have increased risk for DGF. In the past years, obesity was a risk factor for graft loss, death by CVD, and all-cause mortality. However, for the obese transplanted patient today, the graft and patient survival is the same as that of the nonobese patient.
Bioimpedance phase angle (PA) is a measure of cell membrane integrity, whereas handgrip strength (HGS) is an evaluation of functional capacity. Although both are related to the prognosis of patients ...undergoing cardiac surgery, their changes over time are less known. This study followed variations in PA and HGS for 1 year in these patients, determining associations with clinical outcomes.
This prospective cohort study included 272 cardiac surgery patients. PA and HGS were measured at six predetermined times. The evaluated outcomes were surgery type; bleeding; time of surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross-clamp, and mechanical ventilation; postoperative (PO) length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital; and infections, hospital readmission, reoperation, and mortality.
There were reductions in PA and HGS values after surgery, with total recovery beginning at 6 months for PA and 3 months for HGS. In the PA area under the curve (AUC), age, combined surgery, and sex (β = -9.66, P < 0.001; β = -252.85, P = 0.005; β = -216.56, P < 0.001, respectively) were predictors for PA-AUC reduction. Stratified by sex, age (β = -93.54, P < 0.001) and PO LOS (β = -46.91, P = 0.003) were predictors for HGS-AUC reduction in women, but only age was a predictor in men (β = -77.02, P = 0.010). PA and HGS had an effect in hospital LOS and ICU LOS.
Age, combined surgery, and female sex were predictors of reduced PA-AUC, whereas reduced HGS-AUC was predicted by age in both sexes and PO hospital LOS in women, which suggests that these factors could interfere in prognosis.
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