Cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly: a 10-year follow-up survival analysis Vilela de Sousa, Thaís; Cavalcante, Agueda Maria Ruiz Zimmer; Lima, Nathália Xavier ...
European journal of cardiovascular nursing : journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology,
01/2023, Letnik:
22, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Cardiovascular risk factors present a high prevalence and have an impact on the morbimortality of the elderly; however, studies evaluating the impact of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly ...have had short follow-up times and have not allowed specific analyses of the effects of these factors in the aged population, including how they affect the survival of the elderly. This study aimed to analyse the survival of elderly individuals living in the community, considering the presence of cardiovascular risk factors.
A prospective 10-year follow-up was initiated in 2008 with a cohort of 418 elderly people living in a community in Central Brazil. The Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to examine the association between survival and cardiovascular risk factors. The mean age of the participants was 70.6 (±7.1) years; most participants were hypertensive (81.6%) and participated in irregular physical activity (44%), and 43.3% smoked. After a mean follow-up of 8.38 (±2.82) years, 59.3% had survived and 34.1% had died; among the deaths, 14.1% were due to cardiovascular causes. Age hazard ratio (HR) 1.067, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.027-1.109, hypertension (HR 3.178, 95% CI 1.144-8.826), and smoking (HR 2.235, 95% CI 1.253-3.987) were confirmed as risk factors for reduced survival, whereas physical activity was a protective factor (HR 0.456, 95% CI 0.206-1.007).
The results from this study highlight the need for educational policies towards hypertension and smoking prevention among elderly people, and participation in physical activity needs to be encouraged.
Marine Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) have been shown to possess an enormous potential to produce structurally diverse natural products that exhibit a broad spectrum of potent biological ...activities, including cytotoxic, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, and antibacterial activities. Here, we report the isolation and structure determination of palstimolide A, a complex polyhydroxy macrolide with a 40-membered ring that was isolated from a tropical marine cyanobacterium collected at Palmyra Atoll. NMR-guided fractionation in combination with MS
-based molecular networking and isolation via HPLC yielded 0.7 mg of the pure compound. The small quantity isolated along with the presence of significant signal degeneracy in both the
H and
C-NMR spectra complicated the structure elucidation of palstimolide A. Various NMR experiments and solvent systems were employed, including the LRHSQMBC experiment that allows the detection of long-range
H-
C correlation data across 4-, 5-, and even 6-bonds. This expanded NMR data set enabled the elucidation of the palstimolide's planar structure, which is characterized by several 1,5-disposed hydroxy groups as well as a
-butyl group. The compound showed potent antimalarial activity with an IC
of 223 nM as well as interesting anti-leishmanial activity with an IC
of 4.67 µM.
To evaluate the inductive capacity of F18 bioglass putty on the induced membrane technique in a segmental bone defect of the rabbit's radius.
Ten female Norfolk at 24 months of age were used. The ...animals were randomly separated based on postoperative time points: five rabbits at 21 and four at 42 days. A 1-cm segmental bone defect was created in both radii. The bone defects were filled with an F18 bioglass putty.
Immediate postoperative radiographic examination revealed the biomaterial occupying the segmental bone defect as a well-defined radiopaque structure with a density close to bone tissue. At 21 and 42 days after surgery, a reduction in radiopacity and volume of the biomaterial was observed, with particle dispersion in the bone defect region. Histologically, the induced membrane was verified in all animals, predominantly composed of fibrocollagenous tissue. In addition, chondroid and osteoid matrices undergoing regeneration, a densely vascularized tissue, and a foreign body type reaction composed of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells were seen.
the F18 bioglass putty caused a foreign body-type inflammatory response with the development of an induced membrane without expansion capacity to perform the second stage of the Masquelet technique.
Isospora sporophilae
Carvalho-Filho, Meireles, Ribeiro & Lopes, 2005 was morphologically and molecularly identified from the double-collared seedeater
Sporophila frontalis
(Verreaux), which is ...categorised as ‘vulnerable’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), and from the uniform finch
Haplospiza unicolor
Cabanis in conserved and anthropomorphic/fragmented areas of Atlantic Forest in the southeastern Brazil. The oöcysts recovered from
S. frontalis
and
H. unicolor
had small morphological and genotypic differences that were not considered sufficient for the description of new species, but only different genotypes of
I. sporophilae
related to each host. This coccidian species was originally described from double-collared seedeaters
Sporophila caerulescens
(Vieillot) in a center screening of wild animals; therefore, this new report emphasises a potential occurrence of anthropomorphic dispersion of coccidia through illegal trade, seizures and reintroductions in the wild.
Objective: The objective of this review article is to analyze the efficacy and safety of non-surgical electromagnetic and thermal therapies in managing chronic lower back pain. The review will ...focus on modalities such as short-wave therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, and diathermy, assessing their clinical outcomes and practical implications in treating this prevalent condition. Theoretical Framework: Electromagnetic and thermal therapies represent non-invasive alternatives for treating chronic lower back pain. Diathermy, using electric currents, generates heat that improves circulation and reduces muscle stiffness. Therapeutic ultrasound and short-wave therapy penetrate deep tissues, increasing blood flow and stimulating healing. These modalities are promising options for patients who avoid surgery, reducing pain and enhancing functionality without significant risks. Method: A systematic review was conducted by consulting major scientific databases to identify studies on non-surgical electromagnetic and thermal therapies applied to the treatment of chronic lower back pain. Using specific keywords, recent articles exploring these techniques were collected. This analysis allowed for the consolidation of information on the efficacy of these therapies and highlighted areas needing further investigation, reinforcing evidence-based clinical practice. Results and Discussion: The systematic review shows that non-surgical electromagnetic and thermal therapies are effective in relieving chronic lower back pain, with studies highlighting improvements in pain and functionality. However, variability in treatment protocols underscores the need for standardization to enhance comparability and replicability of results. Further research is essential to elucidate underlying mechanisms and improve clinical practices.
O artigo oferece uma revisão abrangente das estratégias terapêuticas atuais e emergentes para o tratamento da doença de Alzheimer (DA), uma condição neurodegenerativa cada vez mais prevalente em ...idosos. Destaca-se a complexidade multifacetada do tratamento, que abrange tanto abordagens farmacológicas quanto não farmacológicas. Os inibidores da acetilcolinesterase são comumente usados para melhorar a neurotransmissão colinérgica, enquanto a imunoterapia, incluindo vacinas contra o beta-amiloide, está em fase de testes clínicos. Além disso, são discutidos potenciais tratamentos como agentes antidiabéticos, psicodélicos serotoninérgicos e terapia genética. A inflamação é reconhecida como um componente crucial na patogênese da DA, e os anti-inflamatórios mostram promessa na redução da neuroinflamação. No entanto, persistem desafios, como a validação de resultados em humanos, a falta de biomarcadores confiáveis para o diagnóstico precoce e a necessidade de encontrar alvos terapêuticos eficazes que possam modificar a progressão da doença.
O presente estudo buscou evidências científicas sobre a assistência prestada pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) frente às urgências e emergências psiquiátricas. O trabalho realizado ...trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, onde os dados para a construção do artigo foram coletados no Google Scholar, Scielo, BVS e LILACS. Para a busca dos artigos nas bases de dados foram usadas as seguintes palavras-chaves: “saúde mental”, “emergência psiquiátrica” e “pronto atendimento”. Como critérios de inclusão, utilizou-se: artigos completos e disponíveis na íntegra, publicados entre os anos de 2017 e 2021, nos idiomas português e inglês. Quanto aos critérios de exclusão, foram excluídos: editoriais, livros, resumos, descritores que não correspondia a temática e artigos repetidos nas bases de dados utilizadas para a coleta de dados. Os resultados mostraram que nos últimos tempos, houve um aumento significativo no número de pessoas que apresentam transtornos psiquiátricos, dessa forma, exigindo serviços extra-hospitalares que busquem acolher estes pacientes. Ainda existe uma enorme falha no atendimento aos pacientes com transtornos mentais, pois na grande maioria das vezes, os profissionais prestam uma assistência desumana, priorizando apenas a sedação e o encaminhamento imediato para a internação hospitalar, utilizando apenas destes métodos para conter o paciente. Concluiu-se que a assistência prestada pelo SAMU frente às urgências e emergências psiquiátricas ainda é falha, sendo realizado um cuidado mecanizado, utilizando de meios coercitivos. Mostrando, através disso, que o serviço pré-hospitalar em sua maioria tem atuado contra os princípios estabelecidos pela Reforma Psiquiátrica, fazendo com que a assistência se torne desqualificada.
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