Genetic Testing Spanier, B W Marcel; Bruno, Marco J
The New England journal of medicine,
03/2003, Letnik:
348, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
To the Editor:
In Burke's review of genetic testing (Dec. 5 issue),
1
Tables 1 and 2 offer examples of genetic tests. The tables are intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and most entries are ...based on information from GeneTests–GeneClinics at http://www.geneclinics.org. According to the author, this Web site contains a comprehensive and continually updated listing of available genetic tests. To our surprise, a search on this Web site for hereditary pancreatitis (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man OMIM number 167800) failed.
Hereditary pancreatitis follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with 80 percent penetrance and is associated with mutations in the . . .
To describe the hemodynamic and oxygen transport patterns in survivors and nonsurvivors following liver transplantation (LT) and to assess their relationship to organ failure and mortality.
...Retrospective cohort.
Surgical ICU in a tertiary care university teaching hospital.
Consecutive series of 113 adults undergoing LT between 1984 and 1992. Patients were excluded if they died intraoperatively (n = 2), required retransplantation (n = 8), or their records were incomplete (n = 7).
Preoperative severity of illness was assessed by the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II scoring system. Hemodynamic and oxygen transport variables were recorded immediately preoperatively and sequentially every 12 h during the first 2 postoperative days. Organ failures (pulmonary, renal, cardiovascular, hepatic, and central nervous system) were assessed for patients in the postoperative period. Patients were grouped as survivors (n = 82) or nonsurvivors (n = 14) with a mortality rate of 15%. Preoperative APACHE II scores were significantly lower in survivors compared with nonsurvivors (7 +/- 0 vs 11 +/- 2; p = 0.029). Both preoperatively and postoperatively, survivors sustained a relatively higher mean arterial pressure, stroke volume index, left ventricular stroke work index, cardiac index, and oxygen delivery as compared with nonsurvivors (p < 0.01). The postoperative decline in systemic blood flow that was seen in both groups was particularly prominent in nonsurvivors during the first 12 h following LT (p < 0.03). Nonsurvivors sustained an approximately fivefold increase in the rate of organ failure (p < 0.0001); all patients (n = 6) with 4 or more organ failures died.
Nonsurvivors of LT have less cardiac reserve pretransplant; postoperatively, they demonstrate early myocardial depression and subsequently lower levels of cardiac index and oxygen delivery. Patients who develop these hemodynamic patterns are more prone to organ failure and death.
MAGIC upper limits on the GRB 090102 afterglow Aleksic, J.; Antonelli, L. A.; Babic, A. ...
Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
12/2013, Letnik:
437, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Indications of a GeV component in the emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are known since the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope observations during the 1990s and they have been confirmed by ...the data of the Fermi satellite. Our results have, however, shown that our understanding of GRB physics is still unsatisfactory. The new generation of Cherenkov observatories and in particular the MAGIC telescope, allow for the first time the possibility to extend the measurement of GRBs from several tens up to hundreds of GeV energy range. Both leptonic and hadronic processes have been suggested to explain the possible GeV/TeV counterpart of GRBs. Observations with ground-based telescopes of very high energy (VHE) photons (E > 30 GeV) from these sources are going to play a key role in discriminating among the different proposed emission mechanisms, which are barely distinguishable at lower energies. MAGIC telescope observations of the GRB 090102 (z = 1.547) field and Fermi Large Area Telescope data in the same time interval are analysed to derive upper limits of the GeV/TeV emission. We compare these results to the expected emissions evaluated for different processes in the framework of a relativistic blastwave model for the afterglow. Simultaneous upper limits with Fermi and a Cherenkov telescope have been derived for this GRB observation. We obtained results compatible with the expected emission although the difficulties in predicting the HE and VHE emission for the afterglow of this event makes it difficult to draw firmer conclusions. Nonetheless, MAGIC sensitivity in the energy range of overlap with space-based instruments (above about 40 GeV) is about one order of magnitude better with respect to Fermi. This makes evident the constraining power of ground-based observations and shows that the MAGIC telescope has reached the required performance to make possible GRB multiwavelength studies in the VHE range.
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