This paper reviews the surface ablation of early hominin teeth by attrition, abrasion, and erosive dental wear. The occurrence of these lesions is explored in a sample of South African fossil ...australopithecine dentitions revealing excessive wear. Interpretation of the nature of the dietary components causing such wear in the absence of carious erosion provides insight into the ecology of the Plio-pleistocene epoch (1-2 million years ago). Fossil teeth inform much of the living past by their retained evidence after death. Tooth wear is the ultimate forensic dental evidence of lives lived.
Spontaneous Palatal Cleft Closure Ritto, Fabio G.; Sperber, Geoffrey H.; Smith, Kevin S.
The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal,
05/2021, Letnik:
58, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This case report presents a palatal cleft that healed spontaneously, with complete formation of mucosa and bone. Even though the nasal structures could initially be observed through the cleft palate, ...a thin membrane sealed any communication between the oral and nasal cavities. The origin of this tenuous membrane cannot be fully understood with current discernment of palate formation, but it probably served as a basis for the formation of the other tissues. No previous record of nonintervened spontaneous closure of a cleft palate has been reported.
Palaeoanthropology and forensic odontology rely significantly upon detailed dental morphology that is ultimately the phenotypic expression of the underlying genotype and developmental phenomena. ...Odontogenesis is the consequence of a complex series of molecular interactions controlled by epigenetic signals acting on embryonic epithelial-mesenchymal tissues of ectodermal, neural crest and mesodermal origin. Of the estimated 24,847 genes of the human genome (Pearson, 2003) some 200 or more genes have been directly or indirectly involved in tooth development (http://bite-it.helsinki.fi). The loci of these genes on the 22 pairs of autosomes and the pair of sex chromosomes are being identified by their mutations that give rise to phenotypic dental abnormalities. The sequential cascades of stages from initiation through the bud, cap, bell, mineralization, root formation and eruption of teeth are all under genetic control but subject to environmental influences. Identification of specific genes with clinical phenotypes provides invaluable clues to familial, racial and evolutionary affinities, all of jurisprudential, heredity and evolutionary significance to odontologists. Combining the genetics of odontogenesis with forensic evidence and palaeoanthropological fossil data provides an unparalled source of information on heredity, environmental and evolutionary events through teeth, the most durable of all biological structures after death. It is paradoxical that teeth are most susceptible to decay during life, but postmortem are the last structures to disintegrate. Teeth truly tell tales of the living and the dead.
The ontogeny of Robin sequence Logjes, Robrecht J. H.; Breugem, Corstiaan C.; Van Haaften, Gijs ...
American journal of medical genetics. Part A,
June 2018, 2018-06-00, 20180601, Letnik:
176, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and concomitant airway obstruction defined as “Robin sequence” (RS) is caused by oropharyngeal developmental events constrained by a reduced stomadeal space. ...This sequence of abnormal embryonic development also results in an anatomical configuration that might predispose the fetus to a cleft palate. RS is heterogeneous and many different etiologies have been described including syndromic, RS‐plus, and isolated forms. For an optimal diagnosis, subsequent treatment and prognosis, a thorough understanding of the embryology and pathogenesis is necessary. This manuscript provides an update about our current understanding of the development of the mandible, tongue, and palate and possible mechanisms involved in the development of RS. Additionally, we provide the reader with an up‐to‐date summary of the different etiologies of this phenotype and link this to the embryologic, developmental, and genetic mechanisms.
Dental manifestations of dermatologic conditions Freiman, Anatoli, MD, FRCPC; Borsuk, Daniel, MD; Barankin, Benjamin, MD, FRCPC ...
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology,
02/2009, Letnik:
60, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Background Cutaneous disorders can be associated with a wide variety of dental manifestations that should be familiar to dermatologists. Objective We sought to describe the development of the teeth, ...explain current dental terms, and review the dental manifestations of some dermatologic conditions. Methods A MEDLINE search (1966-May 2007) was performed to find relevant articles pertaining to dental manifestations of dermatologic conditions. Results Dental manifestations are associated with a wide variety of skin diseases that include genetic, infectious, inflammatory, and immune disorders. Limitations The review is broad and focuses on commonly described manifestations. Conclusions An appreciation and understanding of dental signs can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of many skin conditions.
The surge of advances in understanding ontological, phylogenetic, pathological, paleoanthropological and genetic insights in development and evolution over the past century has resulted in a profound ...revolution of our cognizance of biological sciences. The past decade of the human genome project has provided opportunities for diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic interventions and prevention of dysgenesis, dysmorphology, and disease. The new technologies of imaging and experimental inquiries into developmental phenomena provide insights into evolutionary advances that have taken place to result in the present human structure.
Dental enamel is the sparsest but most enduring component of all the tissues in the human body, yet contrarily contains the most detailed historiography of its development. Accordingly, analysis of ...enamels' chemistry, histology and pathology can reveal detailed ambient information of both fossilized, long-deceased and its contemporary milieu occurring during amelogenesis. In this respect, dental enamel is the most versatile exponent of its developmental mechanisms and acquisition of its complex form. Dental enamel is the ultimate lexicographer of lives lived.
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