Objectives:
Evaluate the relationship between nurses’ perception of the long-term care (LTC) environment, specifically having visible and accessible hand hygiene stations (HHS), and nurses’ fatigue ...during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Background:
LTC nurses experience not only heavy workloads and fatigue but also a high risk of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Few studies have evaluated the relationship between safety measures such as having visible and accessible HHS and nurses’ fatigue.
Methods:
The cross-sectional COVID-19 Impact on Nurses Study (COINS) was an online survey distributed to members of the American Association of Post-Acute Care Nursing through the REDCap survey platform, between June 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021. Logistic regression modeling was conducted to identify the relationship between nurses’ perception of having visible and accessible HHS and fatigue among LTC nurses.
Results:
The majority of LTC nurse respondents (78.35%) reported having moderate to very severe fatigue. Nurses who reported not having enough visible and accessible HHS in their work environment have statistically significantly higher odds (odds ratio OR = 0.37, 95% confidence interval CI 0.20, 0.70, p = .002) of reporting experiencing moderate to very severe fatigue compared to nurses who perceived there was adequate HHS. The logistic regression is significant while controlling for sociodemographic differences, guilt for family and patients, support from work, and confidence in the future of LTC.
Conclusions:
This study reveals the LTC environment that incorporates better considerations of more visible and accessible HHS might mitigate nurses’ fatigue during the pandemic. A conceptual framework has been proposed for future studies.
Background
Heterometallic gold metallacages are of great interest for the incorporation of several cations. Especially in nuclear medicine, those metallacages can serve as a platform for ...radionuclides relevant for imaging or therapy (e.g.
68
Ga or
177
Lu). Moreover, the radionuclide
198
Au is an attractive beta emitter, for potential application in nuclear medicine. Here, we aim to synthesize a new set of gold metallacages and to study their ability to coordinate to
68
Ga,
177
Lu and
198
Au.
Results
New heterometallic gold metallacages of composition M{Au(L
morph
-κS)}
3
(M = La
3+
, Tb
3+
, Lu
3+
or Y
3+
) and Ga{Au(L
morph
-κS)}
2
NO
3
have been synthesized from 2,6-dipicolinoylbis(
N,N
-morpholinylthiourea) (H
2
L
morph
) with AuCl(THT) and the target M
3+
metal ions in yields ranging from 33 (Lu) to 62% (Tb). The characterization of the compounds bases on ESI–MS,
1
H NMR, IR, EA and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques (all except the Ga derivative). Selected gold cages derived from H
2
L
morph
were compared to previously reported gold cages that were derived from 2,6-dipicolinoylbis(
N,N
-diethylthiourea) (H
2
L
diethyl
). The tested metallacages show similar IC
50
values close to that of auranofin in four different cancer cell lines (MCF-7, PC-3, U383, U343), e.g. 4.5 ± 0.7 µM for Ga{Au(L
diethyl
)}
2
NO
3
on PC-3. The radiolabeling experiments thereof show high radiochemical purities with
68
Ga and
198
Au and low radiochemical purity with
177
Lu.
Conclusions
The results indicate that these gold metallacages could serve as a novel platform for inclusion of different (radio)nuclides with potential theranostic applications in nuclear medicine.
Organometallics with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have triggered major interest in inorganic medicinal chemistry. Complexes of the type Rh(I)(NHC)(COD)X (where X is Cl or I, COD is ...cyclooctadiene, and NHC is a dimethylbenzimidazolylidene) represent a promising type of new metallodrugs that have been explored by advanced biomedical methods only recently. In this work, we have synthesized and characterized several complexes of this type. As observed by mass spectrometry, these complexes remained stable over at least 3 h in aqueous solution, after which hydrolysis of the halido ligands occurred and release of the NHC ligand was evident. Effects against mitochondria and general cell tumor metabolism were noted at higher concentrations, whereas phosphorylation of HSP27, p38, ERK1/2, FAK, and p70S6K was induced substantially already at lower exposure levels. Regarding the antiproliferative activity in tumor cells, a clear preference for iodido over chlorido secondary ligands was noted, as well as effects of the substituents of the NHC ligand.
Die Friedel–Crafts‐Acylierung, die zur Klasse der elektrophilen aromatischen Substitutionen gehört, ist eine äußerst wertvolle und vielseitige Reaktion in der Synthese. Die Regioselektivität ist gut ...vorhersagbar und wird sowohl durch elektronische als auch durch sterische Faktoren des verwendeten (Hetero)Aromaten bestimmt. In dieser Mitteilung wird ein radikalischer Ansatz für die Acylierung von Aromaten und Heteroaromaten vorgestellt. Die C−H‐Acylierung erfolgt durch milde kooperative Photoredox/NHC‐Radikal‐Katalyse mit der Kreuzkupplung eines Arenradikalkations mit einem NHC‐gebundenen Ketylradikal als Schlüsselschritt. Im Vergleich zur klassischen Friedel–Crafts‐Acylierung wird beim Wechsel vom ionischen zum radikalischen Modus ein regiodivergentes Ergebnis beobachtet. Bei diesen divergenten Reaktionen fungieren Aroylfluoride als Acylierungsreagenzien sowohl im ionischen als auch im radikalischen Prozess.
Die regiodivergente Benzoylierung von 2‐Methoxynaphthalin mit Benzoylfluorid wird vorgestellt. Dabei wird entweder die Friedel–Crafts‐Chemie verwendet, um selektiv das 1‐Isomer zu erhalten, oder die kooperative NHC/Photoredox‐Katalyse, um ausschließlich das 4‐Isomer zu erhalten. Neben den Aromaten funktioniert die regiodivergente Aroylierung auch für Heteroaromaten.
Background
The Editorial Board of EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry releases a biannual highlight commentary to update the readership on trends in the field of radiopharmaceutical development.
Main ...body
This selection of highlights provides commentary on 21 different topics selected by each coauthoring Editorial Board member addressing a variety of aspects ranging from novel radiochemistry to first-in-human application of novel radiopharmaceuticals.
Conclusion
Trends in radiochemistry and radiopharmacy are highlighted. Hot topics cover the entire scope of EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry, demonstrating the progress in the research field in many aspects.
In various medical societies, dedicated young talent sections provide an important basis for promoting young members. However, the German Society of Nuclear Medicine (DGN) had not yet implemented ...such a section. Therefore, the aim of this work was to assess the opinion of nuclear medicine professionals in Germany on establishing a young talent section within the DGN ("Young DGN").
An initiative group of young DGN members developed a survey questionnaire comprising 18 questions. The questionnaire was initially sent as a PDF to the members of the DGN University Committee (
) by e-mail on 10/12/2021. As an online survey, the questionnaire was then emailed at four additional time points between 12/23/2021 and 3/18/2022 via the
and on 2/23/2022 to the members of the mailing list of the
(BDN).
The survey closed on 3/31/2022 with 111 responses (n=104 online surveys, n=7 PDFs). The median age of participants was 32.5 years (range, 20-80). 86% of participants indicated that they were interested in a Young DGN section, of which 67% were willing to participate. 79% indicated that nuclear medicine was an exciting field for them. 96% expressed interest in additional education offers and 60% in the establishment of a mentoring program. 75% believed that Young DGN would improve the visibility of the specialty.
The survey results indicate strong support for the establishment of a young talent section within the DGN among nuclear medicine professionals in Germany. A large proportion of those who participated in the survey would envision active involvement. There was a particular consensus on the desire to expand the range of education and training activities.
Background Preclinical data implicate the reinforcing effects of alcohol to be mediated by interaction between the opioid and dopamine systems of the brain. Specifically, alcohol-induced release of ...β-endorphins stimulates μ-opioid receptors (MORs), which is believed to cause dopamine release in the brain reward system. Individual differences in opioid or dopamine neurotransmission have been suggested to be responsible for enhanced liability to abuse alcohol. In the present study, a single dose of the MOR agonist remifentanil was administered in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and healthy control subjects to mimic the β-endorphin-releasing properties of ethanol and to assess the effects of direct MOR stimulation on dopamine release in the mesolimbic reward system. Methods Availability of D2/3 receptors was assessed before and after single-dose administration of the MOR agonist remifentanil in 11 detoxified alcohol-dependent patients and 11 healthy control subjects with positron emission tomography with the radiotracer 18 Ffallypride. Severity of dependence as assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test was compared with remifentanil-induced percentage change in 18 Ffallypride binding (Δ%BPND ). Results The 18 Ffallypride binding potentials (BPND s) were significantly reduced in the ventral striatum, dorsal putamen, and amygdala after remifentanil application in both patients and control subjects. In the patient group, ventral striatum Δ%BPND was correlated with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score. Conclusions The data provide evidence for a MOR-mediated interaction between the opioid and the dopamine system, supporting the assumption that one way by which alcohol unfolds its rewarding effects is via a MOR-(γ-aminobutyric acid)-dopamine pathway. No difference in dopamine release was found between patients and control subjects, but evidence for a patient-specific association between sensitivity to MOR stimulation and severity of alcohol dependence was found.
Abstract
Conclusion: Cochlear implant (CI) users are able to detect harmonic differences and the emotionally exciting effect of music (arousal) even when using a speech adapted program. Raising the ...power of lower frequencies of speech processors in CIs for a music program further improved this ability and enhanced subjectively perceived pleasure during listening to music. Objective: This pilot study compares aspects of analytical and emotional music perception before and after optimizing the speech processor compared to results of normal-hearing subjects. Methods: Six adult post-lingually deafened CI users and six subjects with normal hearing abilities were tested on different aspects of analytical and emotional music perception. After optimizing speech processors for a music program, the CI users were tested again after a period of 1 week. Results: The CI users were able to detect different levels of emotional arousal conveyed by music. Switching to the music program resulted in an even better distinction between different levels of musical arousal. With both the speech and music programs, CI users gave overall higher ratings for arousal and valence of the heard music when asked to estimate how listeners with normal hearing perceived the music than when asked about their own perception.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Musical emotion can be conveyed by subtle variations in timbre. Here, we investigated whether the brain is capable to discriminate tones differing in emotional expression by recording event-related ...potentials (ERPs) in an oddball paradigm under preattentive listening conditions. First, using multidimensional Fechnerian scaling, pairs of violin tones played with a happy or sad intonation were rated same or different by a group of non-musicians. Three happy and three sad tones were selected for the ERP experiment. The Fechnerian distances between tones within an emotion were in the same range as the distances between tones of different emotions. In two conditions, either 3 happy and 1 sad or 3 sad and 1 happy tone were presented in pseudo-random order. A mismatch negativity for the emotional deviant was observed, indicating that in spite of considerable perceptual differences between the three equiprobable tones of the standard emotion, a template was formed based on timbral cues against which the emotional deviant was compared. Based on Juslin's assumption of redundant code usage, we propose that tones were grouped together, because they were identified as belonging to one emotional category based on different emotion-specific cues. These results indicate that the brain forms an emotional memory trace at a preattentive level and thus, extends previous investigations in which emotional deviance was confounded with physical dissimilarity. Differences between sad and happy tones were observed which might be due to the fact that the happy emotion is mostly communicated by suprasegmental features.
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