Rapid industrialization, modern agricultural practices and other anthropogenic activities add a significant quantity of toxic heavy metals into the environment, which induces severe toxic effects on ...all form of living organisms, alter the soil properties and its biological activity. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites has become an urgent necessity. Among the existing strategies, phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and much convincing tool for the remediation of heavy metals. However, the applicability of phytoremediation in contaminated sites is restricted by two prime factors such as i) slow growth rate at higher metal contaminated sites and ii) metal bioavailability. This circumstance could be minimized and accelerate the phytoremediation efficiency by incorporating the potential plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) as a combined approach. PGPR inoculation might improve the plant growth through the production of plant growth promoting substances and improve the heavy metal remediation efficiency by the secretion of chelating agents, acidification and redox changes. Moreover, rhizobacterial inoculation consolidates the metal tolerance and uptake by regulating the expression of various metal transporters, tolerant and metal chelator genes. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanism of PGPR mediated plant growth promotion and phytoremediation of heavy metals is poorly understood. Thus, the present review provides clear information about the molecular mechanisms excreted by PGPR strains in plant growth promotion and phytoremediation of heavy metals.
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•Specific and non-specific plant growth promoting mechanisms of the PGPR strains elucidated.•The role of PGPR strains in phytoextraction, phytostabilization and phytovolatilization has been brought forward.•Possible molecular mechanism behind PGPR assisted phytoremediation has been illustrated.
Despite criticisms, public engagement is a necessary part of the process to democratize science. Organizations such as the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the Organization for Economic ...Cooperation and Development (OECD) have recognized its importance. Citizen science and stakeholder involvement in medical research demonstrate that the public is not always a passive beneficiary of science and can contribute to it.
Guideline implementation has been an ongoing challenge in the dental practice setting. Despite this, there are no reviews summarising the existing evidence regarding effective guideline ...implementation strategies in this setting. In order to address this, this systematic review examines the effectiveness of guideline implementation strategies in the dental practice setting.
A systematic search was undertaken according to the PRISMA statement across nine electronic databases, targeting randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies which evaluated the effectiveness of guideline implementation strategies in improving guideline adherence in the dental setting. All records were independently examined for relevance and appraised for study quality by two authors, with consensus achieved by a third author. Data were extracted from included studies using a standardised data extraction pro forma.
A total of 15 records were eligible for inclusion in this review, which focused on the effects of audit and feedback, reminders, education, patient-mediated interventions, pay for performance and multifaceted interventions. Although there were some conflicting evidence, studies within each category of implementation strategy indicated a positive effect on guideline adherence.
This study has identified education, reminders and multifaceted interventions as effective implementation strategies for the dental practice setting. Although this is similar to research findings from other health sectors, there is some evidence to suggest patient-mediated interventions may be less effective and pay for performance may be more effective in the dental setting. These findings can inform policy makers, professional associations, colleges and organisations in the future adoption of clinical guidelines in the dental practice setting.
This systematic review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration ID CRD42018093023.
In this manuscript, a hybrid HUA‐GPC strategy with unified power flow controller (UPFC) is proposed to enhance that security of power system under the condition of transmission and/or generator ...failure. The proposed hybrid strategy is joint implementation of Human urbanization algorithm (HUA) and Giza Pyramids Construction (GPC) and commonly named as HUA‐GPC approach. GPC approach is utilized to develop that search behavior of HUA. The main aim of the proposal is the operation and control of electrical system is to satisfy the demand continuously in the absence of failures. A new severity function is created with transmission line loads and bus voltage magnitude deviations. The proposed function and generation fuel cost are evaluated in contingency conditions of transmission line (s) and/or generator (s). System safety in contingency conditions is evaluated with optimal power flow issue. To improve system safety in contingency conditions in the presence of UPFC, it is essential to recognize an optimal position to install this device. To recognize an optimal UPFC position, in this proposal, a HUA‐GPC technique depending on line overload sensitivity index (LOSI) is evolved. The LOSI is assessed for every transmission lines in contingencies. An energy injection model based on UPFC voltage source, incorporation process and optimal location recognition approach depending on line overload sensitivity indices is proposed. The constraints are the constraints of equality and inequality. The proposed approach is then performed on the MATLAB/Simulink work platform and the efficiency is compared with existing strategies. The quality of the solution for the proposed system is analyzed in terms of best aptitude, worst aptitude, mean aptitude, SD, coefficient of variation and the error of best is 1110936.01, 1097382.12, 1107656.56, 1051.98, 0.075, and 0.82.
Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal discharged into the environment through various anthropogenic sources, which affects soil properties and fertility. Hence, an effective soil restoration strategy ...is the need of the hour. In this study, a potent Cr(VI)-reducing strain M2 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays L. grown in leather industrial effluent contaminated sites and identified as Bacillus flexus through 16S rDNA sequencing. Strain M2 exhibited strong tolerance to multi-stresses such as temperature (up to 45 °C), pH (up to 9.0), Sodium chloride (NaCl) (up to 7%) and PEG 6000 (up to 50%) and showed strong Cr(VI) reduction with the presence of multi-stresses. The interaction of Cr(VI) with strain M2 was elucidated through various instrumentation analyses. Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis confirmed that Cr(VI) exposures induce significant changes in the cell-surface functional groups. Raman spectrum and Transmission Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX) analysis confirmed the bio-reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and their intracellular localization as Cr(III). Further, strain M2 produced a significant quantity of Indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) and showed positive results for various plant-growth-promoting activities with the presence of Cr(VI). In greenhouse experiments, the strain M2 inoculation progressively increased the plant growth parameters and stabilized the antioxidant system of Vigna radiata under Cr stress. However, Cr(VI) exposure decreased the growth parameters and increased the level of proline content, Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, and antioxidant enzymes expression in V. radiata. Interestingly, strain M2 inoculation significantly reduced the accumulation of Cr in root and shoot of V. radiata when compared to the uninoculated Cr(VI) treatment. Hence, this study confirms that rhizobacterial inoculation markedly reduced the negative impact of Cr toxicity and improved V. radiata growth even in harsh environments by stabilizing the mobility of Cr in the rhizosphere.
The aim of this study was to explore the perception of patients with cardiovascular disease towards oral health and the potential for cardiac care clinicians to promote oral health.
A needs ...assessment was undertaken with twelve patients with cardiovascular disease attending cardiac rehabilitation between 2015 and 2016, in three metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, Australia. These patients participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.
Results suggested that while oral health was considered relevant there was high prevalence of poor oral health among participants, especially those from socioeconomic disadvantaged background. Awareness regarding the importance of oral health care its impact on cardiovascular outcomes was poor among participants. Oral health issues were rarely discussed in the cardiac setting. Main barriers deterring participants from seeking oral health care included lack of awareness, high cost of dental care and difficulties in accessing the public dental service. Findings also revealed that participants were interested in receiving further information about oral health and suggested various mediums for information delivery. The concept of cardiac care clinicians, especially nurses providing education, assessment and referrals to ongoing dental care was well received by participants who felt the post-acute period was the most appropriate time to receive oral health care advice. The issues of oral health training for non-dental clinicians and how to address existing barriers were highlighted by participants.
The lack of oral health education being provided to patients with cardiovascular disease offers an opportunity to improve care and potentially, outcomes. In view of the evidence linking poor oral health with cardiovascular disease, cardiac care clinicians, especially nurses, should be appropriately trained to promote oral health in their practice. Affordable and accessible dental care services for people with cardiovascular disease should be considered and offered by health services in Australia.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a voltage source converter based Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controller for series compensation and power flow management among a ...substation's multiline transmission systems. Individual Voltage Source Converters (VSC) can inject reactive voltage that can be adjusted to manage active power flow in a line. This VSC is used to convert DC voltage to AC voltage and the voltage is kept constant in the entire process. In this article, a circuit model for IPFC is constructed, and a simulation of an interline power flow controller is performed, with control performed utilizing a variety of algorithms, including adaptive weighted feedback, gravitational search, BAT, and ANT colony optimization. The system's performance was evaluated in a variety of scenarios, including fault incidence, synchronous load connection, and asynchronous load connection. The design of system and analysis of system has been carried out using MATLAB Simulink in terms of various parameters at point of common coupling like voltage, current, power and power factor.
Early childhood caries is the most common chronic childhood disease worldwide. Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children are twice more likely to develop dental decay, and ...contributing factors include poor maternal oral health and underutilisation of dental services. Globally, Indigenous health workers are in a unique position to deliver culturally competent oral healthcare because they have a contextual understanding of the needs of the community.
This scoping review aimed to identify the role of Indigenous health workers in promoting maternal oral health globally. A systematic search was undertaken of six electronic databases for relevant published literature and grey literature, and expanded to include non-dental health professionals and other Indigenous populations across the lifespan when limited studies were identified.
Twenty-two papers met the inclusion criteria, focussing on the role of Indigenous health workers in maternal oral healthcare, types of oral health training programs and screening tools to evaluate program effectiveness. There was a paucity of peer-reviewed evidence on the role of Indigenous health workers in promoting maternal oral health, with most studies focusing on other non-dental health professionals. Nevertheless, there were reports of Indigenous health workers supporting oral health in early childhood. Although some oral health screening tools and training programs were identified for non-dental health professionals during the antenatal period, no specific screening tool has been developed for use by Indigenous health workers.
While the role of health workers from Indigenous communities in promoting maternal oral health is yet to be clearly defined, they have the potential to play a crucial role in 'driving' screening and education of maternal oral health especially when there is adequate organisational support, warranting further research.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Elevated levels of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) present a severe environmental threat, leading to soil and water contamination. Traditional reduction methods, including electrochemical, ...photocatalytic, and microwave catalytic processes, have proven effective but face challenges such as durability, pH sensitivity, temperature constraints, varying Cr(VI) concentrations, oxygen absorption issues, and high operational costs. In contrast, soil bacteria, provide a cost-efficient and impactful solution, offering sustainable outcomes without secondary pollution concerns. Bioremediation, focusing on the microbial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), emerges as an ecologically-friendly alternative, utilizing bacterial chromium reductase as an abundant and adaptable resource for Cr(VI) remediation. We isolated Priestia flexa VL1 (PFVL1) which reduces Cr(VI) concentrations up to 200 mg/l to Cr(III). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), revealed kinetin molecules within PFVL1. Distinct expression patterns were observed in the genes responsible for Cr(VI) reduction and kinetin biosynthesis in PFVL1, contingent upon varying dosages. This investigation emphasizes PFVL1's substantial role in advancing Cr(VI) bioremediation through kinetin biosynthesis, contributing to a safer and more sustainable environment.
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•Priestia flexa VL1 (PFVL1), a highly Cr(VI)-tolerant organism, efficiently reduced Cr(VI) concentrations of up to 200 mg/l.•Notably, PFVL1 demonstrated the synthesis of endogenous kinetin in response to Cr(VI) stress.•The gene expression profiles of PFVL1 provided valuable insights into the role of kinetin in facilitating Cr(VI) reduction.
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