Clin. Otolaryngol. 2012, 37, 28–34
Objectives: To determine minimum airflow rate required for olfactory stimulation in successfully rehabilitated laryngectomised patients after learning the polite ...yawning technique (PYT) and to confirm the hypothesis that sense of smell is rehabilitated once the nasal airflow is re‐established.
Design: Prospective open interventional trial.
Setting: Tertiary academic hospital.
Participants: The study population comprised 100 laryngectomised patients. The control group consisted of 100 non‐laryngectomised patients of similar age and sex. Rhinomanometry was used to measure air flow in the right and left nostrils, respectively, while the Smell Diskettes Olfaction test (SDOT) was used to test each individual’s sense of smell.
Main outcome measures: The primary endpoint was increasing the airflow, while the secondary endpoint was improvement in the Smell Diskettes Olfaction test score after learning the polite yawning technique.
Results: The difference in the Smell Diskettes Olfaction test results before and after introducing the polite yawning technique was statistically significant (F = 53.077; P < 0.001). The number of accurately identified odours increased with each measurement. There was a significant difference among rhinomanometric measurements of airflow through the right (F = 65.002; P < 0.001) and left nostrils (F = 75.465; P < 0.001). Nasal airflow improved with each measurement. The minimum airflow required for olfactory stimulation in successfully rehabilitated patients was approximately 60 cm3/s. The control group had considerably better airflow in both nostrils than the laryngectomised group. The difference between the total number of rehabilitated (normosmic) patients (48%) in the laringectomised group and normosmic participants (56%) in the control group (z = 1.132; P = 0.129) was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The number of odours identified by laryngectomised patients increased with the volume of nasal airflow. The number of patients with rehabilitated olfactory function approximated the percentage of normosmic individuals in the non‐laryngectomised population. These findings confirm the hypothesis that sense of smell is rehabilitated once the nasal airflow is re‐established.
Clin. Otolaryngol. 2012, 37, 176–180
Objective: We sought to evaluate the effects of awareness of rhinomanometric results on subjective sensation of nasal breathing in patients after septoplasty.
...Design: Prospective randomised study.
Setting: Clinical Hospital Rijeka.
Participants: A study of 60 patients (45 M, 15 F) who underwent septoplasty was performed at the ENT Clinic, Clinical Hospital Rijeka. The patients were randomised into two groups; group A was shown their rhinomanometry scores at 3 months postoperatively, while group B remained unaware of their rhinomanometry results.
Main outcome measure: The assumption is that in the same settings patients aware of their rhinomanometric results have better performances of their Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale and thereby a better quality of life (QOL) after septoplasty.
Results: The differences in rhinomanometric results and NOSE scale prior and after septoplasty were statistically significant (P < 0.001), all patients achieving better results after the operation. There was no statistically significant difference in resistance (F = 0.004; P = 0.948) and improvement of rhinomanometry results in postoperative measurements (F = 0.110; P = 0.896) between groups A and B. The symptoms measured by the NOSE scale were the same in both groups preoperatively and 1 month after septoplasty (F = 2.906; P = 0.094). Three months postoperatively in group A, the NOSE scale score was lower (M = 11.67; sd = 12.34) than in group B (M = 27.50; sd = 18.04).
Conclusions: The results suggest that disclosing information to patients about their post‐septoplasty rhinomanometry results may improve subjective nasal breathing, and thus improve their QOL.
Ten phenolic acids, contained in the seeds of black cumin (Nigella sativa
L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and
pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) and their oil industry ...by-products, separated
into the free, esterified, and insoluble-bound forms, were quantitatively
analysed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with
photodiode array detector. The chromatographic data were interpreted using
Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA model with three principal
components (PC1-PC2-PC3) fitted well with 12 examined plant samples, allowing
their division into groups according to their origin. The total phenolic
variables could be represented by two PCs and for the pattern recognition of
the analysed samples, 13 phenolic variables are sufficient, including: free,
esterified and insoluble-bound forms of gallic and syringic acids, free
vanillic, insoluble bound p-coumaric, esterified p-hydroxybenzaldehide, and
free and insoluble-bound forms of p-hydroxybenzoic and trans-synapic acids.
This might have potential application in simplified screening of phenolic
compounds in seeds and their oil industry by-products or in food component
analysis or authenticity detection in such plant materials.
To corroborate the result of postlaryngectomy olfactory rehabilitation evaluating the efficacy of the Polite Yawning Technique (PYT) with rhinomanometry and odours with the Smell diskettes Olfaction ...test (SDOT).
Thirty-two laryngectomised patients were subjected to olfactory rehabilitation consisting of 15-minute training and independent exercising for two weeks. The sense of smell and nasal airflow in laryngectomised patients were examined before and after implementation of PYT.
The differences in SDOT results prior to and after introduction of PYT were statistically significant, most patients achieving better results after rehabilitation. A significant positive correlation was obtained in results of SDOT and rhinomanometry prior to and after introduction of PYT. The results of measurements after rehabilitation showed that 75% of patients had improved nasal breathing, 78% of patients had a better sense of smell and 40% of patients became normosmic.
PYT has proved to be an effective method in olfaction rehabilitation following total laryngectomy. Using rhinomanometry, evaluation of the rehabilitation success is substantiated while the technique is simplified.
Objective: To corroborate the result of postlaryngectomy olfactory rehabilitation evaluating the efficacy of the Polite Yawning Technique (PYT) with rhinomanometry and odours with the Smell diskettes ...Olfaction test (SDOT). Materials and methods: Thirty-two laryngectomised patients were subjected to olfactory rehabilitation consisting of 15-minute training and independent exercising for two weeks. The sense of smell and nasal airflow in laryngectomised patients were examined before and after implementation of PYT. Results: The differences in SDOT results prior to and after introduction of PYT were statistically significant, most patients achieving better results after rehabilitation. A significant positive correlation was obtained in results of SDOT and rhinomanometry prior to and after introduction of PYT. The results of measurements after rehabilitation showed that 75% of patients had improved nasal breathing, 78% of patients had a better sense of smell and 40% of patients became normosmic. Conclusions: PYT has proved to be an effective method in olfaction rehabilitation following total laryngectomy. Using rhinomanometry, evaluation of the rehabilitation success is substantiated while the technique is simplified.
Irregularities of nystagmus can be found almost in every electronystagmographic record, but only a few are pathological. In this investigation, the authors try to define the border line between ...pathological and nonpathological irregularities of nystagmus and according to this measure the diagnostic use of findings of irregularities of nystagmus.
Kulturne ustanove koje žele da zadrže umetnicki kvalitet i koje se bave tkz. nekomercijalnim sadržajima suocavaju se danas sa brojim izazovima i iskušenjima. Naime, kulturne institucije danas posluju ...na tržištu koje ima svoje brojne zakonitosti i kojima moraju da se prilagode. Komercijalna preduzeca oduvek posluju na tržišnim osnovama i iza sebe imaju dugu tradiciju primene strateškog planiranja marketinga, dok sa druge strane kulturne ustanove bile su decenijama zašticene od pravila koje namece otvoreno tržište. Naime, savremeni principi poslovanja i dinamicno okruženje nametnulo je kulturnim ustanovama da prihvate i primene strateško planiranje marketinga ali i da ga prilagode sopstvenim potrebama i zakonitostima. Praksa je pokazala da ustanove koje nisu spremne da uce, da se prilagoavaju i da primenjuju strateško planiranje marketinga i integrisanu marketinšku komunikaciju gube ne samo publiku vec i sponzore i medijsku podršku. Drugim recima, u uslovima velike konkurencije i velikog izbora provoenja ogranicenog slobodnog vremena jedino strateško planiranje marketinga omogucuje opstanak na tržištu kulturnih proizvoda. Cilj ovog rada je da analizira koliko prihvatanje i primena strateškog planiranja marketinga i integrisane marketinške komunikacije može da doprinese uspehu i opstanku kulturnih ustanova u uslovima sve surovije borbe za izvorima finansiranja, medijske podrške i za stalnom publikom. Osnovni cilj je da se pokaže da kulturne ustanove mogu da zadrže svoj kulturni program, odnosno da ne moraju da odustanu od umetnickog kvaliteta, i da istovremeno dosegnu do svoje publike, medija i sponzora ukoliko kontinuirano planiraju svoje aktivnosti, u skladu sa svojom misijom i vizijom, i komuniciraju sa svojim ciljnim javnostima. Prednosti strateškog planiranja marketinga omogucava bolje razumevanje promena u okruženju, proaktivan odnos prema promenama, bolju koordinaciju aktivnosti, kvalitetniju komunikaciju izmeu zaposlenih i bolju organizovanost. U cilju dokazivanja da strateško planiranje marketinga utice na opstanak kulturnih ustanova sistematski je prikazana i analizirana materija iz domacih i inostranih izvora, uz analizu pozitivnih primera iz prakse. Pored toga sprovedeno je i sopstveno eksperimentalno istraživanje koje je obuhvatilo dve fokus grupe (sa zaposlenima u Institutu Servantes u Beogradu i posetiocima pomenute ustanove) i anketu koje je imalo za cilj da pokaže koji sve parametri, pored kvalitenog umetnickog programa, uticu na posetu i zadovoljstvo publike. I teorijsko i empirijsko istraživanje potvrdili su osnovnu hipotezu da strateško planiranje marketinga omogucava pozicioniranje i opstanak kulturnih ustanova i obezbeuje dobru reputaciju i imidž. Takoe, potvrene su i izvedene hipoteze da važan deo strateškog planiranja marketinga cine integrisane marketinške komunikacije koje imaju znacajnu ulogu u povecanju svesti o kulturnim institucijama. Strateško planiranje marketiga obezbeuje kreiranje jakog brenda institucije kulture. U pozicioniranju imidža u odnosu na okruženje, tako da brend bude prepoznatljiv i prihvacen na pozitivan nacin najvecu ulogu imaju aktivnosti odnosa s javnošcu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata izvedene su osnovne preporuke kulturnim ustanovama o primeni strateškog planiranja marketinga i integrisane marketinške komunikacije u kulturnim ustanovama.
The aim of this retrospective study is to review long term results of full-thickness cartilage palisade tympanoplasty (FTCPT) with malleus head interposition performed on 51 patients (56 ears); 36 ...women and 15 men (7-73 years, 44 years average). The pathology of ears which encourages this technique of tympanoplasty is presented. On average 12 years after surgery we have elaborated anatomic and functional results. Anatomic results were categorized based on empiric evaluation of the new tympanic membrane status: 40 (71%) tympanic membranes without anatomic irregularities, 14 (25%) with irregularities and 2 (4%) with secondary perforation. Functional results (tonal audiogram) are based on pure tone average air-bone gap (PTA-ABG) at 4 frequencies. Main functional results of 51 ears (51 audiograms performed): pre- and post-operative average PTA-ABGs were 27.07 +/- 9.98 and 10.77 +/- 7.85 dB (t = 10.36; p < 0.001). In the group of ears with a tympanic membrane with no anatomic irregularities, pre- and post-operative average PTA-ABGs were 27.30 +/- 10.56 and 10.82 +/- 8.33 dB (t = 8.09; p < 0.001). In the group of ears with cartilage resorption, pre- and post-operative PTA-ABGs were 24.92 +/- 8.19 and 9.33 +/- 6.58 dB (t = 6.21; p < 0.001). The differences between the two groups are irrelevant. Postoperative PTA-ABG values of ears after first surgery (N = 34) and revision surgery (N = 17) was significantly different (8.75 +/- 5.75 and 15.16 +/- 9.62 dB) (t = 2.60; p = 0.016). In spite of the thickness of the new tympanal membrane, FTCPT is a successful technique for solving advanced ear pathology.
Voice is one of the most important means of communication and as such should be taken care of. The etiology of voice disorders is diverse. Due to the development of the society we live in, way of ...life, environmental factors, and exposure to pharmacological agents as well as demands we make towards our voice, there is a substantial growth in the number of people with voice disorders. We tasked ourselves to find out if it is possible to enlighten people on the importance of voice, to motivate them to take care of it, to notice the changes in its quality and eventually ask for help. We assessed in which measure do we understand the importance of a healthy voice, and do we know which is the most important factor that adds to its decline. For a long number of years voice therapists and other experts in the voice disorder field have been discussing the optimal voice impostation as well as vocal exercises and methods behind voice recovery. They have all come to the same conclusion that phonation is dependant on the sort of the voice disorder and the patient motivation. We wanted to go one step further and investigate, dependence of voice quality and the damage etiology (organic - functional), which are the predominant causes, what are the factors that account for the damage and how the disorder motivates the patient and therefore influences the rehabilitation success rate.
Psychological and physical patient state as well as the influence of other social factor is of great influence voice rehabilitation. A team of experts in the field of voice and its function are ...involved in voice therapy. Our research was focused on the successfulness of voice recovery depending on the patient vocal disorder approach. We made a comparison of two methods: RVT and Accent method. We attempted to evaluate clinically relevant voice disorders in relation to certain vocal methods, we propose that a lot can be learned about voice trough therapeutic procedures, which can also be used to enhance the practical application of vocal methods and raise the level of success in dealing with people that suffer from voice pathology.
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