Self-esteem (SE) and social adjustment (SA) are often impaired during the course of affective disorders; this impairment is associated with suicidal behaviour. The aim of the present study was to ...investigate SE and SA in unipolar or bipolar patients in relation to demographic and clinical characteristics, especially the presence of suicidality (ideation and/or attempt). Forty-four patients, 28 bipolar and 16 unipolar, in remission for at least 3 months, and 50 healthy individuals were examined through a structured clinical interview. SE and SA were assessed by the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the social adjustment scale, respectively. The results have shown that bipolar patients did not differ from controls in terms of SE, while unipolar patients had lower SE than bipolars and controls. No significant differences in the mean SA scores were found between the three groups. Suicidality during depression was associated only in bipolar patients with lower SE at remission; similar but not as pronounced was the association of suicidality with SA. It is concluded that low SE lasting into remission seems to be related to the expression of suicidality during depressive episodes of bipolar patients, while no similar pattern is evident in unipolar patients.
Suicide in Cyprus 1988–1999 Zacharakis, C.A.; Hadjivassilis, V.; Madianos, M.G. ...
European psychiatry,
03/2005, Letnik:
20, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Suicide is a universally observed human behavior related to bio-psychological, social and cultural factors. The aim of the present study was to examine suicide in Cyprus, an island that has known ...many civilizations and cultures. All completed suicide cases in the Christian population of Cyprus during the years 1988–1999 were included in the study and they were analyzed according to age, gender, reported reasons for suicide and suicide methods. The main results indicate that: 1. The mean age-standardized suicide rate is the lowest in Europe, in males (3.08/100,000) and also in females (1.05/100,000). 2. Mean suicide rates increase significantly with age in males only. 3. Female suicide rates are highest in the 15–24 age group. 4. Statistically significant rising trends of male and female suicide rates in the all-ages group. 5. Suicide methods were mostly violent. Among males, the most common methods were poisoning, firearms-explosives, and hanging, while in females, jumping, hanging and poisoning. 6. Mental disorders, physical illness, interpersonal and financial problems were the main reported reasons for suicide. The epidemiological characteristics of suicide in Cyprus might be attributed to a combined effect of social and cultural factors and probably reflect influences from countries to which Cyprus is ethnically, historically or geographically related.
We discuss the two-loop evolution of the flavor-nonsinglet meson distribution amplitude in perturbative QCD. After reviewing previous two-loop computations, we outline the incompatibility of these ...solutions with the group property of the renormalization-group transformations. To cure this deficiency, we compute a correction factor for the nondiagonal part of the meson evolution equation and prove that with this modification the two-loop solution conforms with the group properties of the renormalization-group transformations. The special case of a fixed strong coupling (no
Q
2
dependence) is also discussed and comparison is given to previously obtained results.
We study the phenomenon of duality in hard exclusive reactions to which QCD factorization applies. Considering “two-photon”-like processes in the scalar φE3 model and also two-hadron (pion) ...production from the collisions of a real (transversely polarized) and a highly-virtual, longitudinally polarized photon in QCD, we identify two regimes of factorization, each of them associated with a distinct nonperturbative mechanism. One mechanism involves twist-3 Generalized Distribution Amplitudes, whereas the other one employs leading-twist Transition Distribution Amplitudes. In the case of the scalar φE3 model, we find duality in that kinematical region where the two mechanisms overlap. In the QCD case, the appearance of duality is sensitive to the particular nonperturbative model applied and can, therefore, be used as an additional adjudicator.
Demanding the analyticity of hadronic observables (calculated in terms of power series of the running coupling) as a
whole, we show that they are free of the Landau singularity. Employing resummation ...and dispersion-relation techniques, we compute in a unifying way power corrections to two different hard-scattering functions in perturbative QCD: the electromagnetic pion form factor to leading order and the inclusive cross section of the Drell–Yan process. In the second case, the leading nonperturbative power correction in
bΛ
QCD gives rise to a Sudakov-like exponential factor in the impact parameter space which provides enhancement rather than suppression.
An analysis of all available data (CELLO, CLEO,
B
A
B
AR
) in the range 1÷ 40 GeV
2
for the pion–photon transition form factor in terms of light-cone sum rules with next-to-leading-order accuracy is ...discussed, including twist-four contributions and next-to-next-to-leading order and twist-six corrections—the latter two via uncertainties. The antithetic trend between the
B
A
B
AR
data for the
γ
*γ
π
0
and those for the
γ
*
γ
η
(
η
′) transition is pointed out, emphasizing the underlying antagonistic mechanisms: endpoint enhancement for the first and endpoint-suppression for the second—each associated with pseudoscalar meson distribution amplitudes with distinct endpoint characteristics.
Aim of the study was to examine the consistency of the five-factor model of schizophrenic symptoms, assess its validity and evaluate its dimensional factor structure using confirmatory factor (CFA) ...analysis. A sample of 258 randomly assigned DSM-III R patients with schizophrenic disorders were studied by means of the structured clinical interview for the Greek validated Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and were rated on its 30 items. Patients' scores were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation. Internal consistency for each of the components was determined by the use of Cronbach's alpha. External validity of the model derived was investigated by searching for possible relationships between the components and sociodemographic characteristics with the aid of canonical correlation analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was also performed. Using the scree plot criterion PCA revealed a five-factor model. These factors were interpreted as representing--in a decreasing order of relative importance--the following dimensions of schizophrenic psychopathology: negative, excitement, depression, positive and cognitive impairment. The model was comparable with six previous factor analytic studies. Internal consistency was quite satisfactory whereas external validity was found to be not so powerful. CFA did not show that the proposed model yields an adequate factor structure.
Issue Title: Special Issue: LIGHTCONE 2011: Applications of Light-Cone Coordinates to Highly Relativistic Systems An analysis of all available data (CELLO, CLEO, B A B AR) in the range 1÷ 40 GeV^sup ...2^ for the Pion-Photon Transition Form Factor in terms of light-cone sum rules with next-to-leading-order accuracy is discussed, including twist-four contributions and next-to-next-to-leading order and twist-six corrections--the latter two via uncertainties. The antithetic trend between the B A B AR data for the γ*γπ ^sup 0^ and those for the γ*γ η(η') transition is pointed out, emphasizing the underlying antagonistic mechanisms: endpoint enhancement for the first and endpoint-suppression for the second--each associated with pseudoscalar meson distribution amplitudes with distinct endpoint characteristics.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
We calculate electromagnetic pion form factors with an analytic model for
α
s(
Q
2) which is infrared (IR) finite without invoking a “freezing” hypothesis. We show that for the asymptotic pion ...distribution amplitude,
F
π
0γ
∗γ
agrees well with the data, whereas the IR-enhanced hard contribution to
F
π
and the soft (nonfactorizing) part can jointly account for the data.
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