The recently developed Lévy imaging method enables to extract an important physics information on hadron structure at high energies and ultra-low momentum transfers directly from elastic scattering ...data. In this work, we employ such a model-independent method to probe the internal structure of the proton and quantify its inelasticity profile in the impact parameter space emerging in proton-proton collisions at the highest available energy of
s
=
13
TeV. The inelasticity profile function and its error band for the proton and its substructure have been reconstructed at different energies and the proton hollowness (or “black-ring”) effect with beyond 5
σ
significance has been found at 13 TeV.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We study the scaling properties of the differential cross section of elastic proton–proton (
pp
) and proton–antiproton (
p
p
¯
) collisions at high energies. We introduce a new scaling function, ...that scales – within the experimental errors – all the ISR data on elastic
pp
scattering from
s
=
23.5
–62.5 GeV to the same universal curve. We explore the scaling properties of the differential cross-sections of the elastic
pp
and
p
p
¯
collisions in a limited TeV energy range. Rescaling the TOTEM
pp
data from
s
=
7
TeV to 2.76 and 1.96 TeV, and comparing it to D0
p
p
¯
data at 1.96 TeV, our results provide an evidence for a
t
-channel Odderon exchange at TeV energies, with a significance of at least 6.26
σ
. We complete this work with a model-dependent evaluation of the domain of validity of the new scaling and its violations. We find that the
H
(
x
) scaling is valid, model dependently, within
200
GeV
≤
s
≤
8
TeV, with a
-
t
range gradually narrowing with decreasing colliding energies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary
Perioperative bleeding is a major concern in patients with factor VII (FVII) deficiency. Evaluating data of 95 FVII‐deficient patients undergoing 110 surgical procedures (61 major, 49 minor), ...we assessed the impact of type of surgery, bleeding phenotype and FVII coagulant activity (FVII:C) levels on perioperative replacement therapy (RT). Compared to those with higher FVII:C levels, patients with <3% FVII:C received a higher number of RT doses (8 vs. 2, P = 0·003) for a longer RT duration (3 days vs. 1 day, P = 0·001), with no difference in RT dose. Similarly, patients with a history of major bleeds received a higher number of RT doses (8·5 vs. 2–3, P = 0·013) for a longer RT duration (2 days vs. 1 day, P = 0·005) as compared to those with a history of minor bleeds or to asymptomatic patients. No difference in RT was found among major and minor surgical procedures. Overall, multivariate analysis showed that history of major bleeding was the only independent predictor of number of RT doses (β = 0·352, P = 0·001) and RT duration (β = 0·405, P = 0·018). Overall, a ≈20 μg/kg perioperative RT was efficacious in 95·5% of cases. The infusion should be repeated ≈8 times in high‐risk subsets (i.e. patients with a history of major bleeding).
A model independent Lévy expansion method is introduced to describe nearly Lévy shaped squared moduli of Fourier transforms. We apply this method to precisely characterize the most recent elastic ...scattering data of proton-proton collisions at
TeV. The results reveal a substructure of protons, which is found to be significantly larger and darker in high energy proton-proton collisions at the TeV scale, as compared to a rather faint and apparently overlooked substructure, that we also identify in elastic proton-proton scattering at the ISR energy range of
GeV.
Individuals with inherited factor VII (FVII) deficiency display bleeding phenotypes ranging from mild to severe, with 30% of patients having always been asymptomatic (non-bleeding). In 626 ...FVII-deficient individuals, by analysing data from the International Factor VII (IF7) Registry and the Seven Treatment Evaluation Registry (STER), we determined whether bleeding type at disease presentation and FVII coagulant activity (FVIIc) predict ensuing bleeds. At disease presentation/diagnosis, 272 (43.5%) individuals were non-bleeding, 277 (44.2%) had minor bleeds, and 77 (12.3%) had major bleeds. During a median nine-year index period (IP) observation, 87.9% of non-bleeding individuals at presentation remained asymptomatic, 75.1% of minor-bleeders had new minor bleeds, and 83.1% of major-bleeders experienced new major bleeds. After adjusting for FVIIc levels and other clinical and demographic variables, the relative risk (RR) for ensuing bleedings during the IP was 6.02 (p
A novel model-independent Lévy imaging method is employed for reconstruction of the elastic pp and pp¯ scattering amplitudes at low and high energies. The four-momentum transfer t-dependent elastic ...slope B(t), the nuclear phase φ(t) as well as the excitation function of the shadow profile P(b) have been extracted from data at ISR, Tevatron and the LHC energies. We found qualitative differences in properties of B(t) and φ(t) between pp and for pp¯ collisions that indicate an odderon effect. A proton substructure has also been identified and found to have two different sizes, comparable to that of a dressed quark at the ISR and a dressed diquark at the LHC energies, respectively.
We detail here the convergence properties of a new model-independent imaging method, the Lévy expansion, that seems to play an important role in the analysis of the differential cross section of ...elastic hadron-hadron scattering.We demonstrate, how our earlier results concerning the Odderon effects in the differential cross-section of elastic proton-proton and proton-antiproton scattering as well as those related to apparent sub-structures inside the protons were obtained in a convergent and stable manner.
We investigate the scaling properties of elastic scattering data at ISR and LHC energies, and find that the significance of an Odderon observation is larger than the discovery threshold of 5σ. As an ...unexpected by-product of these investigations, for certain experimentally relevant cases, we also conjecture the possibility of proton holography with the help of elastic proton-proton scattering.
We describe a new and model-independent Lévy imaging method of quality fits to the published datasets and reconstruct the amplitude of high-energy
pp
and
p
p
¯
elastic scattering processes. This ...method allows us to determine the excitation function of the shadow profile
P
(
b
), the elastic slope
B
(
t
) and the nuclear phase
ϕ
(
t
)
functions of
pp
and
p
p
¯
collisions directly from the data. Surprisingly, notable qualitative differences in
B
(
t
) for
pp
and for
p
p
¯
collisions point towards an Odderon effect. As a by-product, we clearly identify the proton substructure with two different sizes at the ISR and LHC energies, that has striking similarity to a dressed quark (at the ISR) and a dressed diquark (at the LHC). We present model-independent results for the corresponding sizes and cross-sections for such a substructure for the existing data at different energies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
