Amid the ongoing Non-Communicable Disease and COVID-19 pandemic, understanding prevalence and characteristics associated with work stress is vital from a health and economic perspective, more so ...among information technology (IT) professionals.
To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with work stress among IT professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Bengaluru, India.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken on a convenient sample of 356 IT professionals in Bengaluru, India, between September 2020 and March 2021 to assess work stress. The weblink to TAWS-16 (Tool to Assess and classify Work Stress) was provided for IT employees to self-report their experience of work-related stressors and coping abilities in the past 6 months. The prevalence and specific prevalence of work stress were calculated. Multi-variate logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with work stress. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics committee, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru. Informed consent was obtained from study subjects.
The prevalence of work stress among IT professionals was 17.7% during the COVID19 pandemic, with higher rates among employees aged 31 years and above, among female employees, and among employees with 4-7 years of work experience. More than 80% of the professionals experienced deadline pressures, long working hours, regular multi-tasking, and difficulty in maintaining work-life balance. Based on the results, it is recommended to integrate work-stress assessment in periodical medical examination of IT employees from a health promotion and productivity improvement perspective.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Indian National Mental Health Survey reports an alarming prevalence of 20.9% for tobacco dependence in India. Dependence on smoked tobacco can be prevented by thorough knowledge of the risk factors ...associated with it.
To estimate the prevalence and identify the factors associated with smoked tobacco dependence among participants attending the life skills training and counselling services programme (LSTCSP) across Karnataka from 2017 to 2022.
Pretraining data of 3104 participants from training programmes between 2017 and 2022 were utilised. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed based on a conceptual framework with various hypothesised exposure variables and smoked tobacco dependence as outcome.
The overall prevalence of smoked tobacco dependence among LSTCSP participants who used smoked tobacco products was 59.4%. Ever use of smokeless tobacco products (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.05, 95% CI: 1.11-3.78) and screening positive for symptoms of generalised anxiety (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.32-4.84) significantly increased the odds of smoked tobacco dependence, whereas making decisions collectively in the family (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18-0.66) and individuals with increased score for neurotic personality traits (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44-0.93) were the factors associated with reduced odds of smoked tobacco dependence.
The identified risk factors associated with smoked tobacco dependence are important to develop tobacco control programmes as well as in preventing its onset. With the risk factors for smoked tobacco dependence identified, the results of this study have implications for health promotion and prevention programmes as well as cessation programmes related to smoked tobacco dependence, within India and similar countries.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A staggering 85% of the global population resides in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). India stands as an exemplary pioneer in the realm of mental health initiatives among LAMICs, having ...launched its National Mental Health Program in 1982. It is imperative to effectively evaluate mental health systems periodically to cultivate a dynamic learning model sustained through continuous feedback from mental healthcare structures and processes.
The National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) embarked on the Mental Health Systems Assessment (MHSA) in 12 representative Indian states, following a pilot program that contextually adapted the World Health Organization's Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems. The methodology involved data collection from various sources and interviews with key stakeholders, yielding a set of 15 quantitative, 5 morbidity, and 10 qualitative indicators, which were employed to encapsulate the functional status of mental health systems within the surveyed states by using a scorecard framework.
The NMHS MHSA for the year 2015-16 unveiled an array of indices, and the resultant scorecard succinctly encapsulated the outcomes of the systems' evaluation across the 12 surveyed states in India. Significantly, the findings revealed considerable interstate disparities, with some states such as Gujarat and Kerala emerging as frontrunners in the evaluation among the surveyed states. Nevertheless, notable gaps were identified in several domains within the assessed mental health systems.
MHSA, as conducted within the framework of NMHS, emerges as a dependable, valid, and holistic mechanism for documenting mental health systems in India. However, this process necessitates periodic iterations to serve as critical indicators guiding the national mental health agenda, including policies, programs, and their impact evaluation.
The lifetime prevalence of mental morbidity in Assam is estimated at 8% (NMHS 2015-16). Understanding the distribution patterns of different types of mental disorders among persons with mental ...morbidity in different districts would facilitate evidence-driven district mental health programming in Assam. Given the varied socio-geopolitical situation across districts in Assam, significant variations in the distribution of mental disorders are expected.
To assess interdistrict differentials in common mental disorders (CMDs), severe mental disorders (SMDs), socioeconomic impact, healthcare utilization, and mental disability across three districts sampled in NMHS in Assam.
This cross-sectional study used stratified random cluster sampling to identify and study eligible adult participants in Dibrugarh, Barpeta, and Cachar districts. Standardized scales and validated questionnaires were used to assess mental morbidity, disability, socioeconomic impact, and healthcare utilization. The distribution of different mental disorders among persons with mental disorders and their interdistrict differentials were tested using the Chi-square test of significance.
Among persons with mental morbidity, the most common disorder was CMDs (79%). The proportional distribution of CMDs among persons with mental morbidity was significantly higher in the Dibrugarh district (79%), whereas the distribution of SMDs was higher in the Cachar district (55%). The distribution of alcohol use disorder was the highest in the Dibrugarh district (71.6%). Significant differences in disability and healthcare utilization were observed between the districts.
NMHS 2015-16 Assam indicates significant differentials in the distribution of CMDs and SMDs, healthcare utilization, and associated disability between the three districts. The differentials necessitate further research to understand socio-ethnocultural, religious, geopolitical, and other factors influencing the distribution. These differences need to be accounted for during the implementation of mental health programs in the state.
Background: Yuva Spandana (YS) is a youth mental health promotion program implemented across all 30 districts of Karnataka. Yuva Parivarthakas (YPs - youth change agents) are trained to provide ...mental health promotion services to any "youth with issues" through Yuva Spandana Kendras (guidance centers) situated within district stadiums across Karnataka. Aim of the study was to evaluate the change (comparing before and after training) in different learning domains (cognitive - knowledge, affective - attitude, and psychomotor - practice) among trainees (YPs) attending YS training. Methods: Quasiexperimental study design was utilized for this study. A semistructured interview schedule was developed and used before and after the training. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The difference in change of mean score was assessed using the paired t-test. The shift in the proportion of trainees post-training in the three domains was assessed using McNemar's test. Results: The mean (±SD) age of trainees was 27.5 ± 3.3 years. Majority of them were males (63.8%), had completed bachelor's degree (53.4%), and were residing in rural Karnataka (77.7%). The knowledge and attitude scores significantly improved (P < 0.001) post-training, without significant improvement in practical skills. Conclusion: It is recommended that future training programs need to be focused on creating opportunities to YPs in order to increase their practical skills to work with youth having issues.
INTRODUCTIONChewing tobacco and smoking among youth leads to poor health outcomes. Understanding the factors associated with chewing tobacco and smoking is thus important for interventions. METHODSA ...case-record analysis among 10340 youth (aged 15-35 years) attending a unique mental health promotion program, Yuva Spandana, across the state of Karnataka in southern India, was performed to assess prevalence of chewing tobacco and smoking. Multiple logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with their use. RESULTSOverall, the prevalence of chewing tobacco and smoking among beneficiaries was 3% and 2.1%, respectively. The risk of tobacco chewing and smoking increased with age and risk was higher among males, married individuals and among all occupational categories, other than students. Adjusted odds ratios of chewing tobacco were found to be highest among business/salaried beneficiaries (AOR=3.48; 95% CI: 2.27-5.34), followed by ever married beneficiaries (AOR=3.41; 95% CI: 1.27-9.17). Adjusted odds ratios of smoking tobacco were highest among males (AOR=12.89; 95% CI: 7.5-22.14), followed by emotional experience of feeling worthless (AOR=4.19; 95% CI: 2.78-6.32), beneficiaries with poor relationship with family members (AOR=3.79; 95% CI: 1.38-10.44), and business/salaried beneficiaries (AOR=2.90; 95% CI: 1.79-4.7). Strength of association of males with smoking was much higher (AOR=12.89; 95% CI: 7.5-22.14) than compared with chewing tobacco (AOR=2.49; 95% CI: 1.89-3.28). CONCLUSIONSEarly identification of these factors associated with chewing tobacco and smoking will help in focusing on youth specific health promotion and interventions to improve their overall health and wellbeing.
With epidemiological shift from elimination to post-elimination phase, surveillance systems should be strengthened at all levels to ensure that appropriate information on leprosy patients is ...collected and managed. ... a study was conducted with the following objectives:
Background: India's Garment Industry has been rapidly growing in last few years. The Garment Industry is of major importance to the Indian economy as it contributes substantially to India's export ...earnings. Thus employees working in the above sociological context of working life are expected to be affected by the general acceleration of the pace of life, contributing to work intensification and constant time pressure. Managers play a key role in reducing the significant sources of stress and shaping the future of employees. Thus the above study was undertaken among managers and supervisory level staff. The objectives of the study were to estimate the magnitude and level of work-related stress and to find the association of socio-demographic factors with work-related stress in garment manufacturing factory. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken for 4 months, from October 2015 to January 2016, in a selected garment factory, located in the periphery of Bangalore city. A total of 167 supervisors and 41 managers, were included in the study. Stress was assessed by using ‘Tool to assess and classify work stress and associated symptoms’, developed by Centre for public health, NIMHANS. Results: Prevalence of work-related stress was 26% (95% CI; 18.04-26.36). Managers had higher prevalence of stress (29.3%) when compared to supervisors (25.1%). Majority of managers were perceived to have moderate stress level (58.4%) when compared to supervisors (26.10%). Among all the socio-demographic factors; age, total monthly income, travel time and mode of transport were significantly associated with work-related stress (p<0.05). Conclusions: Organization changes viz., effort-reward imbalances, needs to be corrected and appropriate transport facilities meeting the employee requirements have to be provided, to cope up stress associated with travelling.
PDF
