Microbial anti-biofilms: types and mechanism of action Hussaini, Ibrahim Mohammed; Oyewole, Oluwafemi Adebayo; Sulaiman, Mamunu Abdulkadir ...
Research in microbiology,
March-April 2024, 2024 Mar-Apr, 2024-03-00, 20240301, Letnik:
175, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Biofilms have been recognized as a serious threat to public health as it protects microbes from antimicrobials, immune defence mechanisms, chemical treatments and nutritional stress. Biofilms are ...also a source of concern in industries and water treatment because their presence compromises the integrity of equipment. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to identify novel anti-biofilm compounds. Products of microorganisms have been identified as promising broad-spectrum anti-biofilm agents. These natural products include biosurfactants, antimicrobial peptides, enzymes and bioactive compounds. Anti-biofilm products of microbial origin are chemically diverse and possess a broad spectrum of activities against biofilms. The objective of this review is to give an overview of the different types of microbial anti-biofilm products and their mechanisms of action.
Endophytes have been identified as reservoirs of novel bioactive secondary metabolites that can serve as a potential candidate for the development of new antimicrobial drugs. The aim of the study was ...to screen for antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Azadirachta indica and Mentha piperita. Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy leaves of A. indica and M. piperita. The isolates were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extracts of the isolates was also determined. A total 35 endophytic fungi were isolated out of which 11 showed antibacterial activity against at least two of the test bacterial isolates. Ethyl acetate extracts of these 11 endophytes had varying degree of antibacterial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 10±10 mm to 26±0.5 mm. Result of this study revealed that endophytic fungi isolated leaves of A. indica and M. piperita produce bioactive compounds with antibacterial activity against the test bacterial isolates.
Background: Escherichia albertii is an enteric bacteria associated with infectious gastroenteritis. However, information on this organism remains scant in Nigeria. The work was aimed at determining ...the prevalence of E. albertii among gastroenteritis patients (GEP) in relation to some risk and demographic factors. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional hospital-based research. A total of 540 stool samples, 450 from GEPs and 90 from apparently healthy individuals, were screened for the pathogen. The isolates were characterized by using both conventional and molecular techniques. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire and were analyzed for the determination of some risk and demographic factors. Odds ratio and chi-square were used to ascertain the relationship between the factors and the disease. Results: Escherichia albertii was detected with an overall prevalence of 1.1%, which was 1.3% and 0% in the GEPs and apparently healthy individuals, respectively (Odd ratio = 2.6468, 95% CI, 0.1478-47.4042). Diarrhea and abdominal pain were statistically the significant manifestations of the disease. There was an equal prevalence in both males and females (1.3%), however, by chance higher (2.1%) among children aged 0 to 10 years. Additionally, primary school as the highest educational status and open defecation were found to be the risk factors of the infection. Conclusions: Escherichia albertii should be routinely targeted diagnostically in the patients presented with gastroenteritis in the studied area. Neither gender nor age was a risk factor, however open defecation was a significant risk factor of the disease.
