The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between perceived occupational stress and psychological well-being among secondary school heads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A sample of 402 ...secondary school heads (male n = 260, female n = 142) was selected through multistage sampling technique. A descriptive, quantitative and correlative research design was used. For gathering information from the participants, two standardized tools i.e., "Occupational Stress Index (OSI)" and "Ryff's Psychological Wellbeing Scale (RPWB)" were used for measuring perceived occupational stress and psychological well-being respectively. For statistical analysis, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's product-moment correlation and multiple regression were employed. The findings revealed that there is a strong negative correlation between perceived occupational stress and psychological well-being. Furthermore, moderate negative correlation was found between all the sub-scales of perceived occupational stress and psychological well-being. All the subscales of occupational stress except low status were found significant predictors and have negative effect on psychological well-being of secondary school heads. So, it was suggested that Elementary & Secondary Education Department Khyber Pakhtunkhwa should have a collaboration with policy makers to formulate a comprehensive strategy for stress reduction management for secondary school heads so that they may develop good psychological well-being and perform their duties effectively.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The study investigated the association between emotional intelligence and academic success among undergraduates of Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Pakistan. A sample of 186 students ...who were enrolled during the semester Fall 2015 to Spring 2018 was selected through a random sampling technique. A cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational research methods were employed in this study. A standardized tool "Emotional Intelligence Scale" was employed for the collection of information from the undergraduates. Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of the students was considered as academic success. Data were collected through personal visits. Statistical tools i.e., simple percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlation and multiple linear regression were employed to reach the desired research outcomes. The findings revealed that there was a strong positive relationship (r = 0.880) between emotional intelligence and academic success among undergraduate students. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-development (Beta = 0.296), emotional stability (Beta = 0.197), managing relations (Beta = 0.170), altruistic behaviour (Beta = 0.145), and commitment (Beta = 0.117) predict academic success of undergraduates positively. The findings suggest that the emotional intelligence of the undergraduate students may be further improved so that their academic performance may further be enhanced.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Emotional intelligence is extremely indispensable in functioning leadership positions as leaders wish everybody to fulfill his/her responsibilities and obligations effectively while job satisfaction ...has a direct association with the productivity and efficiency of an organization and also to individuals' success. Therefore, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among secondary schools heads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For this investigation, a total of 402 out of 884 secondary school heads were taken as a sample using a multistage sampling technique. The study was correlative, descriptive, and quantitative in nature, and survey research designed was used for collecting information from the participants. Statistical tools, i.e. mean, standard deviation, Pearson's product-moment correlation, multiple linear regression, and analysis of variance, were applied. The findings showed that there was a moderate positive correlation between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. Additionally, there was a moderate positive correlation between all the subdimensions of emotional intelligence and job satisfaction except emotional stability, where the correlation was also positive and the effect size weak. Furthermore, five dimensions of emotional intelligence such as managing relations, emotional stability, self-development, integrity, and altruistic behavior were found significant predictors of job satisfaction. Therefore, it is imperative to concentrate on those practices that promote emotional intelligence among secondary school heads.
In this technologically developed scenario, many organizations in developing countries including Pakistan have expanded the enthusiasm for understanding and creating an encouraging administrative and ...managerial environment. Numerous organizations are struggling for structural changes by deserting the old-fashioned organizational management style and implementing an empowering leadership where leaders give more authority to subordinates in decision making and responsibilities with the aim to increase organizational productivity. Therefore, the study examined the leadership empowering behaviour as a predictor of employees' psychological well-being of the educational institutions at secondary level in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A total sample of 564 secondary school teachers (male n = 379; female n = 185) was carefully chosen through a stratified random sampling technique. In this study, a non-experimental predictive correlational design was adopted. In order to collect data from the participants, two different standardized research tools i.e., the Leader Empowering Behaviour Questionnaire and Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale were used. After the collection of data, it was analyzed on the basis of mean, standard deviation, Pearson's product-moment correlation, and multiple linear regression model. In conclusion, the study confirmed a significant positive correlation between leadership empowering behaviour and employees' psychological well-being. Leadership empowering behaviours predict employees' psychological well-being positively. Therefore, it was recommended that empowering behaviour might be adopted by the school leaders to improve the employees' psychological well-being for better organizational productivity.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The purpose of the study was to examine and compare the job satisfaction of male and female secondary-school heads in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. All the male and female secondary-school heads ...working in pubic secondary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa constituted the population of the study. A total sample of 402 secondary-school heads was selected through multistage sampling technique in which 260 were males and 142 were females. Descriptive and quantitative research design was used. A standardized tool (i.e., “Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire” (MSQ)) was used for data collection. For statistical analysis, proper descriptive statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (i.e., independent samples t-test) were employed. The findings revealed that secondary-school heads were found dissatisfied with ability utilization, advancement, education policies and practices, creativity, compensation, supervision (HR), supervision (technical), and working conditions. There was no significant difference between the job satisfaction of male and female secondary-school heads with respect to overall intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors. Based on these findings, it was recommended that productive and effective measures should to be taken by the Ministry of Education Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to maintain and strengthen the employees’ level of satisfaction at each level. The Ministry of Education should devise compelling, productive, and effective education policies that are promising to the employees’ prosperity and organizational productivity.
The current paper investigated the effects of information and communication technology on the students’ academic achievement and retention in chemistry. Fifty students of 9th grade were selected ...randomly from Kohsar Public School and College Latamber Karak. The students were grouped into equivalent groups based on pretest score. In order to collect data, pretest posttest equivalent groups design was used. Mean, standard deviation and independent samples t-test were applied through SPSS for data analysis. Based on statistical analysis, it came to light that information and communication technology positively affects students’ academic achievement and retention and ICT was found more compelling, effective and valuable in teaching of chemistry when contrasted with conventional techniques of teaching. It is recommended that information and communication technology should be used in teaching chemistry for enhancing students’ academic achievement at secondary level.
The biosorption of lead by Ficus religiosa leaves (FRLs) in powder and immobilized form was investigated. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the biosorption capacity, equilibrium time, ...optimal pH and temperature. The maximum biosorption capacity of lead was 37.45
mg
g
−1 at optimal pH of 4. The temperature change in the range of 20–40
°C affected the biosorption capacity and the maximum removal was observed at 25
°C. The thermodynamics parameters were determined from experimental data. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to explain the equilibrium data. The Langmuir model showed better fit of data with correlation coefficient of 0.97. The kinetics of biosorption followed pseudo second order model. For continuous biosorption experiments, FRLs biomass was immobilized in polysulfone matrix. Breakthrough curves were analyzed at different flow rates, pH and bed depth. Bed depth service time (BDST) and the Thomas models were used to describe the experimental data. A solution of 0.05
M HNO
3 did well to elute lead from biomass. The release of Ca, Mg and Na ions during lead biosorption revealed that ion exchange was the major removal mechanism.
The study compared the leadership empowering behaviors of male and female secondary school heads in Pakistan. Main purpose of the research is to collate captaincy empowering conduct of male & female ...educational leaders at the secondary level. The sample was comprised of 564 teachers including 379 males & 185 females employing a stratified random sample technique. In this study, quantitative and descriptive methodologies were used. A standardized tool “Leader Empowering Behavior Questionnaire” was used for data collection. Data was collected and analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, & independent samples t-test. Results explored that there is significant difference (t = 3.160, p = .002) between leadership empowering behavior among male (mean = 5.73, SD = .30) and female leaders (mean = 5.64, SD = .31) on whole. Male leaders were found to have better leadership empowering behavior than female leaders. Thus, it was recommended from results that female educational leaders should further improve and adopt leadership empowering behavior for better organizational productivity and female educational leaders should further improve their empowering behavior so as to stimulate potential of their subordinates for better performance and commitment in diverse situtions for desired outcomes.
This study examined occupational stress, its related symptoms, associated factors, and coping strategies among heads of secondary schools in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A sample of 101 secondary ...school-heads was taken using a multistage sampling technique. Occupational Stress Index (Shrivastava & Singh, 1981) followed by four open-ended questions was used to investigate the study variables. Findings revealed that heads of secondary schools were occupationally stressed in their workplace. The most associated factors causing occupational stress were poor compensation, work overload, lack of effective advancement and promotion policy, poor implementation of education policy, lack of basic facilities, political interference, and under-participation. Several symptoms such as headaches, alterations in blood pressure, and digestive problems, were found to be associated with an increased risk of occupational stress. Furthermore, various related perceived physiological, psychological, and behavioral consequences were found to be caused by stress at work. Findings suggest that a comprehensive strategy promoted by the education department should be recommended for reducing stress among secondary school-heads and improving their wellbeing and other health-related conditions at the workplace.
The purpose of the research paper was to investigate the effect of eclectic learning approach on the academic achievement and retention of students in English at elementary level. A sample of forty ...students of 8th grade randomly selected from Government Boys High School Khurram District Karak was used. It was an experimental study and that's why sample subjects were classified into two equal groups on the basis of pre-test scores. For data collection, pre-test post-test equivalent groups designed was used. Descriptive statistics i.e., mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics i.e., t-test were employed for analyzing the data. After analyzing the data, it was come to light that eclectic learning approach has a positive effect on students' academic achievement and retention. Eclectic learning approach was found more productive, effective and successful in teaching of English as compared to traditional learning approach at elementary level. So, eclectic learning approach should be adopted by the teachers for improving students' performance in English at elementary level.
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