A full azimuthal phi-wedge of the ATLAS liquid argon end-cap calorimeter has been exposed to beams of electrons, muons and pions in the energy range 6 GeV <= E <= 200 GeV at the CERN SPS. The angular ...region studied corresponds to the ATLAS impact position around the pseudorapidity interval 1.6 < |eta| < 1.8. The beam test set-up is described. A detailed study of the performance is given as well as the related intercalibration constants obtained. Following the ATLAS hadronic calibration proposal, a first study of the hadron calibration using a weighting ansatz is presented. The results are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo simulations, based on GEANT 3 and GEANT 4 models.
To demonstrate own experience in 3D modeling for planning of minimally invasive approach to the orbit and anterior skull base.
A 17-year-old patient admitted to the Department of Pediatric ...Neurosurgery with complaints of decreased visual acuity of the left eye, lacrimation and exophthalmos. MRI revealed a tumor of the left orbit. We have preoperatively modeled frontoorbital region, anterior skull, as well as eyeball and tumor within the same model. Considering young age and potentially favorable prognosis of disease, we preferred a minimally invasive intervention (microsurgical resection of tumor through minimally invasive frontoorbital access).
Total resection of tumor was followed by examination of anterior skull base. There was postoperative regression of visual disturbances, lacrimation and exophthalmos. Sutures were removed after 5 days, and the patient was discharged.
Minimally invasive frontoorbital access is adequate for approach to the orbit, anterior and middle cranial fossa, adequate resection of orbital tumor and examination of anterior skull base. 3D modeling is an additional preoperative tool to improve the quality of preoperative planning and facilitate intraoperative navigation.
The article is devoted to the development of the mathematical model of mass (cadastral) evaluation of agricultural land plots belonging to the agricultural organizations located in the Leningrad ...Region. On the basis of the initially selected composition of the cadastral value pricing factors, by applying the expert method of Analytic hierarchy process, the most significant ones were identified. Using the Pareto method, the factorial indicators were ranked according to the degree of their influence on the value of land. As a result of the research, the evaluative model of the cadastral value of agricultural land was constructed and tested according to the main indicators of the modeling quality.
Currently, 3D-printing technologies are increasingly used in neurosurgery. Active development of this approach is valuable to improve preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, and ...manufacturing of realistic training models. In this manuscript, the authors report an experience of the pediatric neurosurgical department of the Almazov National Medical Research Center regarding 3D-printing technologies in manufacturing of individual implants for skull defect closure. The main aspects of this technology, advantages and disadvantages are considered. Moreover, the authors describe several cases of creating individual implants for children with skull defects of various origins, dimensions and complexity.
Abstract
Buildings especially heating systems consume a prodigious amount of energy. In this case, the heated exhaust air from the premises is simply thrown out into the external environment, into ...the street. In this work, such air is considered as a secondary energy resource formed from the internal loads of the room. The study of the dynamics of changes in the power of internal loads and their influence on the operation of the heat exchanger installed on the exhaust was carried out using the Energy Plus software package. The simulation result showed the potential of using the heat of the exhaust air as an energy resource. The recovered heat from the extract air can be used to partially reduce the energy consumption for the heating system.
Modern approaches to the substantiation of comfort parameters of the microclimate and rooms are mainly focused on the requirements of State Standart ГOCT P ИCO 7730 and ASHRAE Standard 55. The ...article describes a method for calculating the dependencies of the required air temperature on mobility, mobility and radiation temperature difference at various levels of metabolism and insulation of clothing for three classes comfort. For each class of comfort pre-built tables of iso-comfort microclimatic parameters, which are calculated for different levels of human metabolism and clothing characteristics. The obtained values from the tables of iso-comfort microclimatic parameters are substituted into the empirically derived equation for calculating the equivalent temperature. The results in the form of the equivalent comfortable temperature are approximated as a function of the level of metabolism and the characteristics of the clothes, as a result of which generalized calculated expressions of the parameter of the equivalent comfortable temperature are obtained. The results in the form of the equivalent comfortable temperature are approximated as a function of the level of metabolism and the characteristics of the clothes, as a result of which generalized calculated expressions of the parameter of the equivalent comfortable temperature are obtained. Thus, six data arrays with thermal comfort parameters for rooms of three classes are summarized by six calculated algebraic expressions. The obtained calculated expressions of equivalent comfortable temperature can be used in the design of air conditioning systems and in programming automatic climate control systems.
Abstract
The analysis of outdoor climate normative information, given in the form of calculated parameters of outdoor air for warm and cold periods of the year, is given. The requirements to the form ...of presentation of climatic information and to its content are formulated. The information is presented in the form of tables of recurrence of outdoor parameters in two-dimensional intervals for different cities of the Russian Federation and the capital of Iraq, Baghdad. It is shown that the information in the form of these tables can be used for the tasks indicated in the article at the stage of conceptual design of air conditioning system. The results of approbation of the considered form of climate information implemented at practical tasks are demonstrated. Among these results, we should pay special attention to dependence of installation capacities of subsystems on the time of non-availability of the rated parameters of the air environment in a room. Moreover, it is shown by the example that information about heat, cold, air, and water consumption by heat and humidity treatment in air conditioning systems can be determined for various calculated periods of time. The results were obtained using an applied computer program that executes the recommended form of presentation of climate information for the design of air conditioning systems.
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