This paper discusses about the measurement of optimization on feeder machine with automatic system control for aquaculture. This paper mainly aims to observe four main parts of feeding machine of ...aquaculture: major inlet, scale system, spiral tunnel, and throwing system. The observation done includes the energy of electricity usage of each unit of feeding weight which is processed, duration of process of each part, the exchange of rotor speeds, and the flow of feeding speed rate in gram per second. In this research, the design of feeding machine with automatic system based on Arduino Uno is conveyed. The feeds size used in this research are 2mm and 4mm. The measurement of optimization aims to consider the weight of the feeds, and the system of machine that works optimally. The result from experiment releases that the machine designed is able to work optimally on 2kg feeds of each process in 70 seconds and 71 seconds, and 0.085Wh on energy of electricity usage.
Characteristics properties of Lactobacillus such as their antagonistic against pathogenic bacteria, their survival at low pH and high concentration of bile salt are used in vitro to evaluate their ...potential as probiotic agent. Objectives of this research are to obtain lactic acid bacteria isolates from Pengging duck intestines and to screen their ability as a probiotic agent. The result showed that the Number of Isolate I11 showed its resistant to low acid (pH 1,5) until 120 min. Some of the strains showed their ability on pH 2,5 during 120 min (No. of isolate I1, I2, I4, I8, I9 and I10). The other isolates decreased their viability to survive at low pH, even they still able to survive at pH 3.5 during 120 min. The result based on the isolates resistance to bile salt showed that isolates could grow at media with 2% of bile salt. Their growth was inhibited with the increasing bile salt concentration. Number of Isolate I11 showed its survival in environment contain 6% bile salt until 120 min. Most isolates had antagonistic against pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella pullorum and Escherichia coli). Based on the characteristics properties. it can be conclude that the 12 isolates of lactic acid bacteria from Pengging duck's caecum were genus Lactobacillus. Isolate number I11 was potentially used as probiotic. Isolate number I11 was identified as Lactobacillus salivarius.
Summary
Voltage‐dependent anion channels (VDACs1‐3) are pore‐forming proteins located in the outer mitochondrial membrane of various tissues and in human sperm flagella. VDACs are involved in ...metabolite fluxes between mitochondria and other cell compartments and play a role in the motility of mammalian spermatozoa. VDAC3‐deficient male mice lacking exons 5–8 were reported to be healthy but infertile (Sampson et al., 2001). We analysed mutations in these exons of the human VDAC3 (hVDAC3) gene in spermatozoa of 32 asthenozoospermic patients. Previously, we reported on nucleotide substitution mutations in exon 6 (Asmarinah et al., 2005); now, we continue with the examination of exons 5, 7 and 8. Amplification of the exon fragments of the hVDAC3 gene was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers for each exon followed by sequencing. We found various types of mutations in the examined exons of the hVDAC3 gene, such as deletion and nucleotide substitution in spermatozoa from seven of the 30 asthenozoospermic sperm samples (and unconfirmed insertions in two other ones) but none in spermatozoa from normozoospermic controls. Our preliminary data, although of small numbers investigated, suggest that genetic mutations in the hVDAC3 gene could be an explanation for the aetiology of infertility in these asthenozoospermic patients.
The study was aimed to examine the effect of the use of fish fermented by lactic acid bacteria(LAB) as a subtitution for fish meal on serum lipid profile of broiler. One hundred and twenty five ...dayoldbroiler chicks of CP 707 strains were divided into five groups for five treatments. A CompletelyRandomized Design was used in this experiment. The treatments were 0 (control), 2, 4, 6 and 8% fishfermented by LAB substitution of basal diet containing 8% fish meal. The parameters were blood lipidprofile including total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. Data was analyzed by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).When the F test indicated a significant effect, the differences between the mean values were analyzed byDuncan’s Multiple Range test. Results showed that using fish silage fermented by LAB on broiler’s feeddid not affect total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol, but significantly affect (p<0.05) levels of LDLcholesterol and serum triglycerides of broilers. Based on serum lipid profile, it could be concluded thatfish fermented by LAB can be used as a substitute for the 100% fish meal in broiler’s feed.
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