In 41 healthy volunteers, we investigated the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the subclavian vein (SCV) in the following head positionsneutral and 30° head rotation toward the contralateral or ...ipsilateral sides. Significant differences were observed in the CSA of the SCV at 3 different head positionscontralateral 30° versus neutral, −0.05 cm (95% confidence interval, −0.08 to −0.03); contralateral 30° versus ipsilateral 30°, −0.15 cm (−0.19 to −0.12); neutral versus ipsilateral 30°, −0.10 cm (−0.13 to −0.07); all Pcorrected< .001). For SCV catheterization, 30° head rotation to the ipsilateral side provided significant improvements in the CSA compared with the other head positions.
Consumption of certain protective foods may help inhibit
(
) associated gastric pathologies. However, studies conducted to assess the efficacy of protective foods in
-infected subjects are either ...limited or inconsistent. This study evaluated the association of individual or a combination of protective foods on the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) in
positive subjects through a case-control study.
Subjects aged 20-79 years were selected from 2 hospitals between December 2002 and September 2006. In total, 134 patients and 212 controls tested positive for
infection. Among these, we included 82 pairs of cases and controls matched by sex, age (± 5 years), enrollment period (± 1 years), and hospital.
A higher intake of soy products was associated with a significantly lower risk of GC than a lower intake of soy products (odds ratio OR = 0.37, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.14-0.96). Additionally, a higher fruit intake resulted in a significantly lower risk of GC than a lower fruit intake (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.13-0.94). A combination of food groups was evaluated, and a lower risk of GC was observed with a high intake of both soy products and fruits (OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.06-0.67), high intake of soy and dairy products (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.10-0.78) and high intake of fruits and dairy products (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.09-0.83).
A high intake of soy products or fruits was associated with a lower risk of GC. A combination of soy products or fruits with dairy products was associated with a lower risk of GC. A balanced intake of soy products, fruits, and dairy products may help reduce GC risk.
Hyperuricemia is associated with cardiovascular disease, but the relationship between uric acid (UA) and pulse pressure (PP) is unclear. Therefore, the present study assesses the relationship between ...UA and PP among Korean adults. Data from 6,310 subjects (2,800 men and 3,510 women) in the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016) were analyzed. After adjusting for related variables, the odds ratios (ORs) of hyperuricemia (UA ≥ 7.0 mg/dL in men or ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in women) in the high PP group (PP > 65.0 mmHg) in overall populations (OR, 1.563; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.144-2.136) and women (OR, 1.631; 95% CI, 1.046-2.544) were significantly higher than those in normal PP, but not in men (OR, 1.309; 95% CI, 0.840-2.040). In conclusion, uric acid was positively associated with pulse pressure in women, but not in men.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract Efficient isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood is a major challenge for the clinical application of CTCs. Here, we report an efficient method to isolate CTCs from ...whole blood using highly dense and transparent silica microbeads. The surfaces of silica microbeads were fully covered with an antibody to capture CTCs, and blocked by zwitterionic moieties to prevent the non-specific adsorption of blood cells. Owing to the high density of the silica microbeads, the complexation of CTCs with silica microbeads resulted in the efficient sedimentation of CTC-microbead complexes, which enabled their discrimination from other blood cells in density gradient media. Model CTCs (MCF-7, HCC827, and SHP-77) with various levels of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) were isolated efficiently, especially those with low EpCAM expression (SHP-77). Moreover, the transparency of silica microbeads enabled CTCs to be clearly identified without interference caused by microbeads. The improved sensitivity resulted in increased CTC recovery from patient samples compared with the FDA-approved CellSearch system (14/15 using our method; 5/15 using the CellSearch system). These results indicate that the isolation method described in this report constitutes a powerful tool for the isolation of CTCs from whole blood, which has important applications in clinical practice.
Nail apparatus melanoma (NAM) is a subtype of cutaneous melanoma occurring at nail units and belongs to the acral lentiginous melanoma subgroup. Due to its unique anatomical structure to protect the ...acral site, mechanical trauma may have a clinicoprognostic impact on NAM. Therefore, we investigated the clinicoprognostic and histopathological characteristics of NAM according to the presence of trauma history prior to melanoma development.
Clinicopathological and follow-up data of patients with NAM according to trauma history were obtained.
We included 87 patients with NAM, 21.8% of whom had a previous trauma history. Trauma-related NAMs were more likely to involve the toenail (p = 0.040), include a high proportion of amelanotic melanomas (p = 0.038) as well as nail bed tumor (p = 0.013), and have a longer time interval between the onset of nail change and confirmed diagnosis (p = 0.012). Moreover, survival analysis revealed that trauma-related NAMs more frequently showed progression in general (p = 0.034) and nodal metastasis (p = 0.047) and had worse prognosis in terms of progression-free survival (p = 0.004).
In conclusion, NAMs with previous trauma have unique clinicoprognostic characteristics. The specific clinicopathological features of NAMs according to trauma indicate that trauma may play a role in melanoma development.
Catecholamines function via G protein-coupled receptors, triggering an increase in intracellular levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in various cells. Catecholamine biosynthesis and ...the β-adrenergic receptor exist in melanocytes; thus, catecholamines may play critical roles in skin pigmentation. However, their action and mechanisms mediating melanogenesis in human skin have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we examined the potential anti-melanogenetic effect of carvedilol, a nonselective β-blocker with weak α1-blocking activities. Carvedilol reduced melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity without compromising cellular viability in normal human melanocytes as well as in mel-Ab immortalized mouse melanocytes. Carvedilol downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2. Carvedilol treatment led to the downregulation of phosphor-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Moreover, the increase in cAMP levels upon treatment with forskolin reversed the anti-melanogenic action of carvedilol. In addition, carvedilol remarkably reduced the melanin index in ultraviolet-irradiated human skin cultures. Taken together, our results indicate that carvedilol effectively suppresses melanogenesis in human melanocytes and ex vivo human skin by inhibiting cAMP/protein kinase A/CREB signaling. The anti-melanogenic effects of carvedilol have potential significance for skin whitening agents.
The clinical efficacy and safety of CT-P13 are comparable to originator infliximab for Crohn's disease in CT-P13 3.4 study (NCT02096861). We performed a multivariate logistic analysis to demonstrate ...the association between early infliximab trough levels and treatment outcomes of CT-P13 and originator infliximab.
Early serum infliximab trough levels and anti-drug antibody (ADA) levels were compared between CT-P13 (n=100) and originator infliximab (n=98) groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariate logistic analysis were conducted to identify optimal cutoffs of serum infliximab trough levels and predictive factors for clinical outcomes.
The median infliximab trough levels were not different between CT-P13 and originator infliximab groups at week 6, week 14, and in median ADA levels at week 14, respectively. ROC analysis found an infliximab concentration threshold of 4.5 μg/mL at week 6 and 4.0 μg/mL at week 14 as the cutoff value with the highest accuracy for the prediction of clinical outcomes. Serum infliximab trough levels at weeks 6 and 14 predicted clinical remission at weeks 30 and 54, and endoscopic remission at week 54. The combinations of clinical remission or C-reactive protein normalization with an early infliximab trough level improved the prediction of long-term clinical or endoscopic remission.
A threshold in serum infliximab trough level at week 6 and week 14 was highly predictive for long-term clinical outcomes. There were no statistical differences in serum infliximab trough levels and ADA levels between CT-P13 and originator infliximab.
Research studies based on flexible organic electronic devices regarding the relationship between carrier transport and molecular stacking are actively reported. For enhancing carrier transport and ...mechanical strength, new types of anthracene derivatives (
ANT
), exhibiting parallel dominant molecular stacking characteristics, are designed and synthesized. They show parallel dominant molecular stacking properties inducing excellent carrier transport through hybridization with perpendicular materials. They are introduced as electron transport layers (ETLs) for organic solar cells (OSCs), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), and organic nano-generators (ONGs). Hybrid ETLs show excellent carrier transport characteristics, exhibiting minimized energy loss and suppressed carrier recombination resulting from relative resonance through partial polarization of
ANT
. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the fabricated OSCs based on fullerene and non-fullerene systems reaches 9.6% and 11.4%, and the luminescence of OLEDs reaches up to 17 057 cd m
−2
. In addition, flexible OSCs, OLEDs, and ONGs show improved output performance and mechanical strength due to excellent carrier transport. Especially, in flexible ONGs, high carrier transport can be helpful for enhancing output voltage by energy level shifting.
Research studies based on flexible organic electronic devices regarding the relationship between carrier transport and molecular stacking are actively reported.
The picosecond lasers have shown to effectively treat tattoo pigments that are intractable to previous multiple Q-switched (QS) laser treatments. Therefore we hypothesized that a picosecond laser ...would show better efficacy with minimal adverse events in the treatment of melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) that are difficult to treat with conventional QS lasers. Two patients with melasma and one patient with PIH were treated with a Picosecond 755-nm Alexandrite Laser (Cyanosure, USA). All patients were Korean with skin type IV and no longer responding to QS laser treatments. Laser treatment was well tolerated in all the patients. Adverse events such as PIH were not reported during 8 weeks of follow up period. After the multiple treatment sessions, one patient reported fair improvement and two patients reported good improvement. Consistent with the clinical results,
skin model irradiated with a Picosecond 755-nm Alexandrite Laser also showed decreased epidermal keratinocyte necrosis compared with the 532-nm QS Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser (Lutronic, Korea) yet decreased melanin content. In conclusion, the Picosecond 755-nm Alexandrite Laser may be useful for effective treatment of intractable melasma and PIH with fewer adverse events in dark Asian skin.
Regulation of melanogenesis has been the focus of treatment for hyperpigmentary skin disorders. Although hesperidin is one of the most well-known, naturally occurring flavonoids with antioxidant and ...anti-inflammatory effect, its anti-melanogenic effect is not known. The present study aims to determine the anti-melanogenic effect of hespiridin as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. Melanin contents were measured in normal human melanocytes and B16F10 melanoma cells. Protein and mRNA levels of tyrosinase, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 were determined. Melanogenesis-regulating signals were examined. In results, hesperidin strongly inhibited melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity. Hesperidin decreased tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 protein expression but increased phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-Erk1/2) expression. Specific inhibitor of Erk1/2 or proteasome inhibitor reversed the inhibition of melanogenesis induced by hesperidin. Taken together, hesperidin, a popular antioxidant, stimulated Erk1/2 phosphorylation which subsequently degraded MITF which resulted in suppression of melanogenic enzymes and melanin synthesis.
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