Clinical Examination of the Cranial Nerves Gallagher, Benjamin D.; Donroe, Joseph; Marín-Medina, Daniel S. ...
The New England journal of medicine,
09/2023, Letnik:
389, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
To the Editor:
As shown in the Videos in Clinical Medicine by Singh et al.,
1
visual-field testing by confrontation is an important bedside examination technique in screening for defects in the ...anterior (retina and optic nerve) and posterior (optic chiasm to occipital lobe) visual pathways. Although confrontation testing has high specificity as compared with automated perimetry, its sensitivity is low, especially for mild and anterior pathway defects.
2,3
The video depicts the static finger-counting test, which has a sensitivity of 25 to 35% and a specificity of 99 to 100%, yielding a negative likelihood ratio of only 0.70.
2
Sensitivity is improved . . .
To solve the problem of fluctuations in clock timing with digital LSI (also known as the "clock skew" problem), we propose a genetic algorithm (GA) based clock adjustment method that ensures robust ...clock timing to cope with fluctuations in the LSI environment such as temperature or power supply voltage. This method is realized by the combination of dedicated adjustable circuitry and adjustment GA software, with the values for multiple adjustable delay circuits inserted into the clock lines being determined by the GA software after fabrication. Simulation results show that proposed method can enhance the operational yields of developed test chips by 97% (maximum) while ensuring sufficient timing margins.
Production of d, t, and 3He nuclei in central Pb + Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies ($\sqrt{s}$$_ {NN}$= 6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN ...Super Proton Synchrotron.Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. Finally, the coalescence parameters B2 and B3, as well as coalescence radii for d and 3He were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies.
HSV type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK)-introduced transgenic rodents and HSV-infected humans were reported to suffer male infertility. The present study aimed to find novel clues to clarify the cause ...of HSV1-TK-induced male infertility using an HSV1-
tk transgenic rat line. Two truncated HSV1-TK proteins, 37 and 39
kDa, were produced and accumulated in the round spermatids, and their transcription initiation site was identified for the first time at the 65 base downstream of the translation start point of the full-length 43
kDa HSV1-TK. Spermatozoa from those young transgenic rats showed malformed heads, looped tails, and missing cell membrane in heads and tails. Furthermore, age-dependent germ cell loss was observed. TUNEL assay suggested that this germ cell loss is caused by increased apoptotic germ cell death. These results suggest that the expression of HSV1-TK in testes brings about not only abnormal spermiogenesis but also a loss of germ cells due to apoptosis. These findings could provide a novel clue to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying male infertility in transgenic animals and HSV-infected patients.
Report from NA49 Gazdzicki, M; Collaboration, the NA49
Journal of physics. G, Nuclear and particle physics,
08/2004, Letnik:
30, Številka:
8
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
This study aimed to identify protein(s) that bind(s) to the highly AT-rich sequence of porcine Fshb promoter region -852/-746 (named Fd2) by the Yeast One-Hybrid Cloning System and finally a paired ...related homeodomain transcription factor, Prx2, known as a key factor for skeletogenesis was cloned. RT-PCR analysis of fetal and postnatal porcine pituitaries demonstrated that Prx2 starts to be expressed at around fetal days 40-50 just before the beginning of Lhb-expression and that the level of Prx2 increases after birth. Immunohistochemical analysis of the prepubertal porcine pituitary revealed that some Prx2-positive cells overlap some Lhbeta-positive cells. Transient transfection assay using non-pituitary CHO cells and pituitary tumor-derived LbetaT2 cells revealed that Prx2 plays a cell-type dependent role in modulation of the Fshb promoter, showing stimulation in CHO cells and repression in LbetaT2 cells via the regions of Fd2 and -596/-239. The binding ability of Prx2 to the regions of Fd2 and -596/-239 was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. DNase I footprinting revealed that broad regions of Fd2 were bound by Prx2 and that -596/-239 contained seven Prx2-binding sites. The SELEX method using a random N15-mer oligonucleotide pool demonstrated that Prx2 monomer binds to a TAATT motif, which is present in Fd2 and -596/-239. However, the binding of Prx2 to TAATT with a single molecule and its inverted repeat with two molecules could not induce transcriptional activation, indicating that the Prx2-dependent transcriptional modulation demonstrated in cultured cells is not introduced by Prx2 alone. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time that Prx2 is expressed in the pituitary gland and at least in a part of gonadotropes in which Prx2 may play a role in repression of the Fshb gene.
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