A significant proportion of Europe’s species-rich grasslands are semi-natural habitats. They have a long history of traditional management. Several studies have been carried out to conserve them, ...resulting in the establishment of subsidised conservation management schemes. On the other hand, many of these conservation management schemes have failed to provide locally adaptive solutions to maintain the diversity and functional status of species-rich grasslands. In addition, few studies have compared the conservation effectiveness of different levels of management complexity. The levels of management complexity in our study are based on how different management types (e.g. grazing and mowing etc.) and how different herbage removal intensities (e.g. lower and higher grazing intensities) are combined within and between years. To investigate this, we compared the overall effects of management complexity, herbage removal intensity and management type on plant diversity, plant functional type dominance relationships and plant physiognomy. Our field sampling was carried out in the sandy meso-xeric grasslands of the Turján Region of the Great Hungarian Plain (Central Hungary). We sampled nine 2 m × 2 m plots per grassland site (n = 12), recorded all the rooted plant species and estimated their percentage cover in each plot. High level of management complexity had significant positive effects on plant diversity, grazing had positive effects on plant diversity and phanerophyte density, while the studied levels of herbage removal intensity had no effect on diversity, plant functional types or plant physiognomy. In parallel, mowing and/or low levels of management complexity had some negative effects on conservation value (e.g. lower Shannon and Simpson diversity). In this landscape, the dominance of grazing and the more complex management is more optimal than relatively homogeneous mechanical mowing. The choice of management type and intensity is an important tool in the conservation management system of this landscape, but so too is its appropriate application in space and time. Through a detailed analysis of the effects of management complexity levels compared to management types and herbage removal intensity levels, we provide a new opportunity to make grassland management practices more effective for conserving biodiversity in this region, but it would be important to investigate these in different landscapes and conditions.
From a large distance tabanid flies may find their host animal by means of its shape, size, motion, odour, radiance and degree of polarization of host-reflected light. After alighting on the host, ...tabanids may use their mechano-, thermo-, hygro- and chemoreceptors to sense the substrate characteristics. Female tabanids prefer to attack sunlit against shady dark host animals, or dark against bright hosts for a blood meal, the exact reasons for which are unknown. Since sunlit darker surfaces are warmer than shady ones or sunlit/shady brighter surfaces, the differences in surface temperatures of dark and bright as well as sunlit and shady hosts may partly explain their different attractiveness to tabanids. We tested this observed warmth preference in field experiments, where we compared the attractiveness to tabanids (
) of a warm and a cold shiny black barrel imitating dark hosts with the same optical characteristics. Using imaging polarimetry, thermography and Schlieren imaging, we measured the optical and thermal characteristics of both barrels and their small-scale models. We recorded the number of landings on these targets and measured the time periods spent on them. Our study revealed that
tabanid flies prefer sunlit warm shiny black targets against sunlit or shady cold ones with the same optical characteristics. These results support our new hypothesis that a blood-seeking female tabanid prefers elevated temperatures, partly because her wing muscles are more rapid and her nervous system functions better (due to faster conduction velocities and synaptic transmission of signals) in a warmer microclimate, and thus, she can avoid the parasite-repelling reactions of host animals by a prompt take-off.
Tanulmányunkban egy olyan kutatási projektet mutatunk be, amelyben egy aktorokhoz (pl. intézményekhez, személyekhez) kapcsolódó, szentimentek és konkrét érzelmek klasszifikációjára képes nyelvi ...modell létrehozása a célunk. A modell tanítóadatbázisát egy tízezer cikkből álló, online újságokból származó, statisztikai mintavétel segítségével összeállított, humán annotált szövegkorpusz jelenti. Az annotálás során két lépcsőben először az előforduló névelemeket, illetve aktorként funkcionáló közneveket, majd ezt követően a névelemek szövegkörnyezetében megtalálható szentiment- és érzelmi tölteteket annotáljuk. Az annotált szövegek adatbázisa jó bemeneti adatot jelenthet felügyelt klasszifikációs modellek létrehozásához. Cikkünkben ismertetjük a projekt korpuszát, a felügyelt és nem felügyelt szövegklasszifikációs eljárások sajátosságait, valamint a szentiment- és érzelemdetektálás lehetséges módszereit. Ezt követően bemutatjuk a kutatásunkban alkalmazott kétlépcsős annotálási módszertant, az ennek kialakítása során felmerült problémákat és kihívásokat, illetve azokat a kutatói döntéseket, amelyeket a létrehozni kívánt modell társadalomtudományos felhasználhatóságának érdekében hoztunk meg.
Ischemic-reperfusion injury of the small intestine is an acute clinical condition with high mortality rate. This study describes the changes in levels of phenylalanine and tryptophan metabolites in ...intestinal homogenates and urine samples of Wistar male rats after 60 minutes of mesenteric ischemia and different reperfusion periods (1, 24, 30 hours) in comparison with a control group without the ischemia. The ischemic-reperfusion injury was quantified by the histopathological injury index. The levels of serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine were determined in the intestinal homogenate and epinephrine, vanillylmandelic acid, and the 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was analyzed in urine using the HPLC method. The statistically significant increased level of serotonin, epinephrine and norepinephrine were detected in the intestinal samples after 24 hours of reperfusion (p<0.01); even the most elevated serotonin level was observed after one hour of reperfusion (p<0.001). A statistically significant decreased level of vanillylmandelic acid was observed after one hour of reperfusion, but it significantly increased after 24 hours (p<0.05) in urine. The elevated level of the 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid after one hour and 24 hours after reperfusion (p<0.05) were determined in the urine. The most significant elevated epinephrine level was observed after 24 hours of reperfusion (p<0.001) in urine. Results showed a potential role of serotonin as an early biomarker (after one hour of reperfusion) of small intestinal damaged homogenate, while the best predictor of intestinal injury in urine was epinephrine, which was elevated after 24 hours.
Tettre kész ügyfélmegértés Tóth, Tímea Mónika
Scientia et securitas,
04/2023, Letnik:
3, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Összefoglalás.
Ez a tanulmány – a doktori kutatómunka részeként – egy módszertani kísérletet
felhasználva mutatja be a tervezői szemléletmód (design thinking) üzleti
gyakorlatba ültetésének ...lehetőségét az értékajánlat-tervezésben. Az empirikus
vizsgálat olyan támogató metódus kidolgozására irányul, amely lehetővé teszi a
növekvő mértékben diverzifikált ügyféligények személyre szabott kiszolgálását,
különös figyelemmel a fogyasztói magatartás kontextuális megértésének
módszerére. Az alkalmazhatóságot jelentősen befolyásoló aspektusok elméleti
áttekintése után a tanulmány ismerteti a szokásos megközelítést, valamint annak
hátrányait, majd vázolja az új módszer folyamatát, az eddig elért eredményeket
és a hozzájuk kapcsolódó következtetéseket, továbbá a jövőben tervezett
lépéseket.
Summary.
This study – as part of a bigger research study – uses a methodological
experiment to present the possibility of putting design thinking into business
practice in value proposition design. One of the goals of the design methods
applied in the business environment is to explore solutions that satisfy
diversifying customer needs. In order to create these innovative value
propositions (products, services and systems), enterprises require an
integrative, holistic vision, systems thinking and an experimental, creative
spirit. Design thinking, a creative problem-solving methodology that integrates
customer, business and technological aspects, can provide practical support in
this regard.
In Hungary, the number of attempts to adapt design approaches to the value
proposition design processes of large service companies is not very high, and
not yet been investigated in the scientific context. The analysis of relevant
cases is made possible only by participating in the projects. The empirical
investigation is aimed at the development of a support method that enables the
personalized service of increasingly diversified customer needs, with particular
attention to the method of contextual understanding of consumer behavior. After
a theoretical overview of the aspects that significantly affect applicability,
the study describes the usual approach and its shortcomings, then outlines the
process of the new method of actionable consumer empathy, the results achieved
so far and the conclusions related to them, as well as the planned steps in the
future.
Notwithstanding the level of design maturity defines whether a company is
successful in monetizing design value on the long run, businesses often stop at
using design methodologies in superficial ways just to seem innovative. This
study discusses the factors that determine the success of applicability, such as
(1) the transformation of the innovation environment, (2) the change in the
nature of the problems, (3) the complexity of consumer decision-making, (4) the
connection between design maturity and business benefit, (5) the technological
development of data-based customer understanding support, and (6) consideration
of legal restrictions and security compliance in exploiting personalization
opportunities.
The study also investigates what are the similarities and the substantial
difference between the segment and the persona approach, describes the common
misconceptions around how to build personas and why the persona approach
provides better insights to understand the consumer behavior.
Diagnosis of bowel diseases is often difficult and time consuming since it is not always possible to obtain adequate information by the conventional diagnostic methods to set up a diagnosis and ...exclude nongastrointestinal causes of symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of blood serum samples of patients with selected intestinal diseases. The blood serum samples of patients (N=35) with selected diagnoses (
,
,
,
,
,
,
) and of healthy subjects were evaluated by synchronous fluorescence fingerprint and atomic force microscopy. Autofluorescence of blood serum studied at λ
= 280 nm showed significant decrease of fluorescence intensity in patients with all types of diseases affecting bowels in comparison with the healthy control patients. The blood serum surface of ill patients showed significant differences in comparison with control group samples after atomic force microscopy evaluation as well. Irregularly placed small globular units of irregular shape in small amounts are possible to observe in patients with intestine ischemia. Fluorescence analysis and atomic force microscopy showed the ability to rapidly reflect qualitative and quantitative changes of proteins in blood serum samples of patients. These sensitive methods could be beneficial for monitoring the progression of both acute or chronic bowel diseases.
Létezik a turizmusnak néhány kevésbé feltérképezett területe: egyrészt az egynapos, határok mentén zajló nemzetközi kiránduló forgalom, másrészt a nemzetközi átutazó forgalom, és harmadrészt a teljes ...(tehát belföldi és nemzetközi), regisztrált szálláshely igénybevétele nélküli forgalom. Jelen tanulmány első része bemutatja a Turizmus Szatellit Számlák (TSzSz) módszertani változásait, valamint az alábbi három területet: egynapos kirándulóforgalom, külföldi átutazóforgalom, belföldi szálláshelyforgalom. Tanulmányunk második felében a KSH által publikált 2010–2017 közötti Turizmus Szatellit Számlák (KSH 2019) adatait használtuk fel a regionális turisztikai GDP becsléséhez. Célunk az volt, hogy a vizsgált időszak adataiból kiszámítsuk a regionális turisztikai GDP-t, illetve megvizsgáljuk a magyarországi megyék turizmusban betöltött helyzetét és az ebből adódó területi egyenlőtlenségeket.
Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterial strains (designated 4F2
and Kf) were isolated from decaying tissues of various deciduous tree species. Phylogenetic analyses based on their 16S rRNA gene ...sequences showed that the novel isolates belong to the genus
and showed highest (98.3 %) sequence similarity to
. Isolate 4F2
formed a separate branch on the phylogenetic tree based on concatenated sequences of four housekeeping genes or whole genome sequences, clearly separate from
, suggesting that novel isolates should belong to a novel species. Orthologous average nucleotide identity scores and
DNA-DNA hybridization values between isolate 4F2
and type strains of other species in the genus
were less than 85 and 30 %, respectively, significantly lower than the species boundary cut-off values (95 and 70 %). A negative reaction for β-galactosidase, the ability to use dextrin and maltose as carbon sources, and an inability to use lactose are the main phenotypic characteristics that can be used to differentiate the novel isolates from
. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, isolates 4F2
and Kf belong to a novel species of the genus
, for which the name
sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 4F2
(=NCAIM B 02661
=LMG 32183
).
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