The frequency and magnitude of natural disasters, especially floods, has been increasing in recent years and climate is expected to exacerbate these events. The increasing availability and number of ...satellites with continually improving spatial and temporal resolutions can provide efficient data sources to help with real-time disaster relief efforts from hazard assessment to rescue operations. Analyzing these volumes of data requires highly efficient algorithms that can produce fast and accurate results across the complex landscape. Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides an opportunity for repeatable, timely and reliable data processing. Once mapped, getting the spatial information to the users/decision-makers rapidly and in a format that is easily understandable and accessible has been a challenge. New methods of data sharing are emerging and gaining popularity. The widespread stability and availability of the internet has led to a surge in direct data access via Application Programming Interface (API) and interactive dashboards. Since the declaration of a global pandemic, there has been dozens of COVID-19 dashboards developed for tracking new cases. The overwhelming response to these dashboards has led to growth in the development of dashboards focused on assisting the emergency management community and first responders, as these dashboards can provide a common operating picture for multi-users operating from different locations.
Approximately 56 percent of all currently active plastic surgeons in the United States are older than 50 years and are likely to retire in the next 10 to 20 years. The 2006 Survey of Plastic Surgeons ...Over the Age of 50 was designed to provide insight regarding the practice patterns, retirement plans, and issues of importance to plastic surgeons older than 50 to provide an indicator of future workforce needs for the specialty.
The survey was part of a larger study of physicians older than 50 across all specialties conducted by the Association of American Medical Colleges Center for Workforce Studies, in collaboration with the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the American Medical Association, the Council of Medical Specialty Societies, and seven additional medical specialty associations. Surveys were mailed to 1434 active and retired plastic surgeons aged 50 to 79 years; the response rate was 59.1 percent. Results were compared with responses from physicians of all specialties.
Full-time reconstructive plastic surgeons older than 50 spend more hours per week practicing medicine (56.5 hours per week) than cosmetic plastic surgeons (49.7 hours per week) and all physicians (53.7 hours per week). Plastic surgeons retire slightly earlier than other physicians and cite rising malpractice costs, insufficient reimbursement, and increasing competition as important factors when considering retirement.
There are significant differences in the practices, satisfaction, and factors influencing retirement plans for plastic surgeons that focus on cosmetic versus reconstructive surgery. Further study of these two components of plastic surgery may be warranted.
"Thru-hiking," where an individual hikes the entire length of an extended trail, has increased exponentially in recent years, creating a subgroup of trail users that outdoor recreation professionals ...currently have little knowledge about. Understanding the physiological and psychological demands of thru-hiking, where physical challenges are magnified by adverse conditions, may lend insight into who undertakes a thru-hike, what motivates them, and what physical and psychological benefits they experience. This study explored the experiences of a 26-year-old healthy male on a thru-hike of the Pacific Crest Trail. Data were collected using standard physiological assessments and an in-depth semistructured interview. Results indicated limited improvements in cardiopulmonary efficiency, high levels of autonomous motivation, resilience, and positive psychological outcomes. In physically fit individuals, it is possible that success in thru-hiking is primarily psychological in nature; future research should focus on these constructs in a larger sample of thru-hikers.
Over the past year, the media have reported an increase in the number of teenagers undergoing plastic surgery, and with a tone of faint alarm have suggested that this merits some cultural ...self-scrutiny. This paper presents the statistics on the number and types of plastic surgery operations done in teenagers over the last eight years and discusses these in the context of cultural influences and societal concepts of beauty.
The reason to have plastic surgery is psychological and involves
body image, which is defined as the subjective perception of the body as it is seen through the mind's eye. To explain why changing the external appearance affects personality and behavior, the complex psychological reactions that occur after an operation that alters the size or shape of a body part are reviewed. Body image development occurs in stages, and puberty stands out as a particularly sensitive time as the teenager undergoes major changes in his or her physical appearance and does this at a time of heightened vulnerability to the opinion of others. Plastic surgery to correct a truly unattractive feature is enormously successful and remarkably free of conflict in this population. Teenagers undergo a rapid reorganization of their self-image after plastic surgery with subsequent positive changes in behavior and interpersonal interactions.
The key to achieving success with plastic surgery is patient selection. The core value of the surgery lies not in the objective beauty of the visible result, but in the patient's opinion of and response to the change. Good patient management includes selecting candidates with clear and realistic expectations who are free of psychopathology. There must be true informed consent and attention to psychological issues must continue into the postoperative period. It is the responsibility of the patient's physician and plastic surgeon to recognize a need for psychiatric evaluation and to help the patient get this as needed.
The eight operations most commonly done in the teenage population are rhinoplasty, ear surgery, reduction mammoplasty, surgery for asymmetric breasts, excision of gynecomastia, augmentation mammoplasty, chin augmentation, and suction assisted lipoplasty. Each of these is reviewed with regard to techniques, expectations, risks, and logistics. Guidelines for timing the referral of teenage patients for plastic surgery evaluation are given.
One positive consequence of the challenge to silicone breast implants has been renewed interest in the psychological dimensions of plastic surgery. When asked questions about the psychological ...outcomes of women with breast implants, plastic surgery responded with work that is changing the very framework on which concepts such as body image and quality of life are founded. In the course of exploring the psychological impact of breast augmentation, traditional ways of thinking about patient characteristics and motivations have been called into question. There is a new focus on evidence-based outcomes research and an active search for methods that are valid, reliable, and sensitive enough to recognize and measure the emotional impact of changing physical appearance. With more information about psychiatric comorbidities and the identification of variables that influence patients' attitudes, augmentation mammaplasty with implants is better understood. Meanwhile, a new generation of investigators has been stimulated to study and reinterpret the psychodynamics of the aesthetic surgery experience.
Objectives To investigate whether adipose-derived matrix seeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) can facilitate the repair of injured cavernous nerves (CNs). Methods Human and rat adipose ...tissues were decellularized and fabricated into various forms, including adipose tissue-derived acellular matrix thread (ADMT). ADMT seeded with ADSC were transplanted into subcutaneous space and examined for signs of inflammation. ADSC-seeded ADMTs were then used to repair CN injury in rats, followed by assessment of histology and erectile function. Results Adipose tissue can be fabricated into acellular matrices of various shapes and sizes, including threads and sheets. Seeding of ADMT occurred rapidly: within 24 hours, 55% of the surface was covered with ADSC and within 1 week, 90% was covered. Transplantation of the seeded ADMT into the subcutaneous space of an allogenic host showed no signs of inflammatory reaction. At 3 months after grafting into CN injury rats, approximately twice as many cells were found on seeded ADMT as on unseeded ADMT. The seeded ADMT also had various degrees of S100 and neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression, suggesting CN axonal ingrowth. Rats grafted with seeded ADMT overall had the best erectile function recovery when compared with those grafted with unseeded ADMT and those ungrafted. However, as a result of large variations, the differences did not reach statistic significance ( P = .07). Conclusions Grafting of ADSC-seeded matrix resulted in a substantial recovery of erectile function and improvement of histology. However, further refinement of the matrix architecture is needed to improve the success rate.
Benign Tumors of the Teenage Breast McGrath, Mary H
Plastic and reconstructive surgery,
2000-January, 2000, 2000-Jan, 2000-01-00, 20000101, Letnik:
105, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
First launched in 1997, the PSEF has continued to expand its computer-based educational opportunities through its “Visiting Professor Online Conference.” The most recent live broadcast featured PSEF ...Senior Visiting Professor Dr. Mary H. McGrath discussing and answering questions about “Benign Tumors of the Teenage Breast.” For detailed information about how to participate in the next interactive, online communication, call the ASPRS/PSEF Executive Office at (800) 766-4955 (press 7) or (847) 228-9900, ext. 470; or e-mail memserv@plasticsurgery.org. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 105218, 2000.)
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