Problem based learning is being highly implemented in many medical schools worldwide due to its perceived advantages including improvement of problem-solving abilities, development of communication ...skills, creation and development of critical thinking skill, and making of individuals to be lifelong learners & responsible for their own learning process.
The study aimed to compare academic satisfaction of Problem and Lecture based learning of regular undergraduate health science students in Ethiopian Universities, 2021.
Institution based comparative cross sectional study was conducted from February 1-30, 2021. Data were collected using a pretested structured and self-administered questionnaire among 850 eligible students from two Universities. Data were entered into EPI info version 6.04 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Binary Logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with academic satisfaction considering the association to be significant p- value < 0.05.
The study result revealed that the magnitude of academic satisfaction among problem based and lecture based learning students were 50.9 and 49.9% respectively. Similarly, problem based learning students were more likely to be academically satisfied than lecture based learning students in their type of curriculum with (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.21). Experience of classroom distress (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.22, 3.06), quality of teaching (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.86), relationship with classmates (AOR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.80), course content (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.33, 0.93) and accessibility of technology in the campus (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40, 0.96) were the significant factors of academic satisfaction of problem based learning students. Year of study (AOR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.48), quality of teaching (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31, 0.85), course content (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.35, 0.97) and energy & effort (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35, 0.88) were significantly associated with academic satisfaction among lecture based learning students.
The study revealed that the academic satisfaction among problem based learning students was higher than lecture based learning students. Incorporating and implementing problem based learning as a formal instructional method in across the universities curriculum is recommended.
Vaccination is the most cost-effective approach that significantly reduces morbidity and mortality related to Coronavirus disease -19 (COVID-19). Nevertheless, there is a lack of information on the ...COVID-19 vaccine uptake and related factors in Ethiopia including the research area.
To assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its associated factors among adult population in Dangila District, Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.
A community-based mixed-type study design was conducted from Oct, 15-Nov 15/2022. The study population was chosen using the multistage stratified random sampling technique for the quantitative study and the purposive sampling method for the qualitative inquiry. The collected data were managed and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were employed to identify factors associated with vaccine uptakes. In the qualitative part of the study, key informant interview was applied. After the interview was listened, the transcripts were coded and categorized into themes, and analyzed using Atlas.ti 7 software. Finally, the finding was triangulated with the quantitative results.
The vaccine uptake among the adult population was found to be 47% (95% CL: 42.7%, 51.0%). History of having test for COVID-19 (AOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.84), good knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine (AOR; 3.12, 95% CI; 2.11, 4.59), no formal education (AOR: 1.78, 95%: 1.26, 2.58), good attitude (AOR: 3.21, 95% CI: 2.13, 4.89), being in poor Income category (AOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.08, 3.06), being female (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.58) and living in rural area (AOR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.87, 5.12) were significantly associated with vaccine uptake rate. The study also identified that misperceptions about the vaccine efficacy and safety, availability of vaccine, lack of knowledge about the vaccine, mistrust of the corona virus vaccine, fear of adverse effects, social media influence and religious beliefs were found to be barriers of COVID -19 vaccine uptake.
In the Dangila district, adult population vaccination uptake for COVID-19 was comparatively low. To raise the rate of vaccination uptake, interventions must focus on the identified modifiable factors.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Wax deposition and gelation of waxy crude oil in production pipelines are detrimental to crude oil transportation from offshore fields. A waxy crude oil forms intra-gel voids in pipelines under ...cooling mode, particularly below the pour point temperature. Consequently, intrusion of non-reacting gas into production pipelines has become a promising method to lessen the restart pressure required and clear the clogged gel. A trial-and-error method is currently employed to determine the required restart pressure and restart time in response to injected gas volume. However, this method is not always accurate and requires expert knowledge. In this study, predictive models based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and multilinear regression are developed to predict restart pressure and time as a function of seabed temperature and non-reacting gas injected volume. The models’ outcomes are compared against experimental results available from the literature. The empirical models predicted the response variables with an absolute error of below 5% compared to the experimental studies. Thus, such models would allow accurate estimation of restart pressure, thereby improving transportation efficiency in offshore fields.
This study is intended to explain the relationship between business ethics and organizational performance in the manufacturing sectors of the Amhara region and Ethiopia. Smart PLS has been used for ...handling reflective-formative second-order constructs using a disjoint two-stage approach in which first- and second-order constructs were assessed independently in two different stages. Business ethics have a significant effect on the business performance and working conditions of an organization. However, working conditions not have a significant impact on business performance. Business ethics has only a direct impact on business performance, and the indirect effect of the inclusion of working conditions as a mediator was found to be insignificant. Dimensions of business ethics other than compensation, workplace ethics, environmental protection, and collective bargaining were not included in the study. Moreover, only the inputs of employees were taken as a source of data collected from four sectors in the manufacturing industries; the other sectors and the whole industrial sector are not addressed in the study. The study is significantly important in prioritizing business ethics as a key ingredient for improving business performance. Practicing and applying ethical principles in the workplace will, in turn, create a conducive working environment. Therefore, business ethics should be given equal attention to the economic profits of the organization. However, the paradox that working conditions do not have a significant impact on the business performance of manufacturing industries should be tested in other sectors. The fact that a disjoint, two-stage approach has been applied in testing the relationships among the constructs of business ethics is a new trend, as most of the previous studies used first-generation software. Furthermore, the application of PLS-SEM in the areas of business ethics literature is not well developed, and this can be taken as a starting point for other researchers.
In this paper, a parametric study was conducted via ANSYS-Fluent workbench to predict the properties of waxy crude oil subjected to dynamic cooling. Different case studies were conducted to validate ...the numerical study, and prediction of temperature for pipelines of up to 100 m length was made. It was observed that the percentage difference between the experimental and simulation results was below 20%. The temperature drop was smaller with a higher flow rate, with the temperature dropping from 350K to 338K in an uninsulated pipe of 100 m length. The temperature drop for lower flow rate could be considered significant to reach wax appearance temperature during dynamic cooling. This study would be a supporting step to involve simulation in predicting the properties of waxy crude oil in different pipe sizes.Keywords: Waxy crude oil, dynamic cooling, ANSYS-Fluent, parametric study
Transportation of waxy crude oil in a production pipeline often encountered flow assurance issues, such as wax deposition. In a case where pipeline shutdown is needed, wax deposit is likely to form ...within the pipelines, which leads to operational complexity during the restart phase. Commonly, crude oil restarts to flow after a significantly high restart pressure is pumped longer than is necessary. This is due to the physical hindrance caused by the solid wax, which requires additional pressure to disintegrate it before achieving a steady crude oil flow. This study aims to investigate the effect of crude oil and nitrogen gas flow rates on the time taken for crude oil flow initiation using a flow loop rig, which is connected to a nitrogen gas injection system. The nitrogen gas was injected into the test section pipeline at predetermined flow rates within specified periods. After 45 min of static cooling, the crude oil gear pump is switched on to build sufficient pressure to initiate the waxy crude oil flow in the pipeline. Additionally, a statistical analysis by the response surface methodology was also performed by Minitab® 19 software. Results show that the maximum reduction in flow initiation is 73.7% at 5 L/min of crude oil and 1 L/min of nitrogen gas. This study reveals that the presence of nitrogen gas improved the pipeline restart phase by minimizing both restart pressure and time taken for flow initiation.
Background. Depression is a common global mental health tragedy which affects more than 30 million people of all ages. Antenatal depression is higher among low-income countries where maternal and ...psychosocial factors act as determinant factors for its occurrence. Aim. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of antenatal depression and its associated factors among pregnant women attending health institutions of Faafan zone of Somali regional state, Eastern Ethiopia. Method. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 403 pregnant women from January to September 2015. EPDS with 13 cutoff points was used to screen antenatal depression. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors. Result. The study showed that 24.3% of women had antenatal depression. Marital status, educational status, chronic medical illness, previous depression history, and social support were factors associated with antenatal depression. Conclusion. The study revealed that the prevalence of antenatal depression was 24.3%. Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health and Somali Regional Health Bureau should work very hard to create awareness on the importance of pregnancy planning and social support during pregnancy.
This paper investigates cooling condition in the air-conditioned room working concurrently with air supply anddischarge systems. Case studies were conducted for a kitchen located at INTI Subang, ...Malaysia. The study wasconducted by measuring temperature, humidity, pressure and air velocity, followed by simulation studies using ANSYS-Fluent workbench to predict indoor thermal condition and other useful parameters. Simulation results were validated with experimental results, after which four case studies were performed to analyze their effects on human comforts and observe an optimal condition of each case. The four cases considered were: both windows and doors open (additional window) (Case 1), closed doors and windows open (additional windows) (Case 2), additional ventilation system (Case 3), and exhaust with half closed valve (Case 4). It was observed that Case 1 provided best indoor condition with the room temperature only at 296.4 K, which was 8.3 K lower than that of the original kitchen. The peak temperature for this case was also found the smallest. The addition of electronic valve between the main ventilation pipe and the negative outlet reduced the room temperature less efficiently compared to Case 1.Keywords: Air-conditioning, indoor temperature, humidity, air discharge, air inlet
Emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and some hydrocarbons have been the main causes of global warming and have posed severe impacts on climate changes. Consequently, ...the focus on sustainable developments has swiftly grown in recent years. The utilisation of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) in the spark ignition (SI) engine or using as dual fuel in compression ignition (CI) engine is getting remarkable attention nowadays. In this paper, performance and emission of CNG in supercharged direct injection spark ignition engine were predicted via Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The Levenberg Marquardt training algorithm was used due to its fast response, easy operation and high accuracy. The models’ results are compared with experimental results available from a previous study by the author. It was observed that R2 values for both performance and emission of CNG were higher than 98%, indicating good prediction. Following the training, high accuracy with value higher than 95% was observed for both analyses. Hence, it can be concluded that ANN is a promising technique for the prediction of performance and emission of CNG in direct injection spark ignition engine that consists of numerous inputs and output conditions.Keywords: Natural gas, CNG, supercharging, artificial neural network
—Bidirectional DC/DC converters are used in the interface of the battery bank and the high voltage direct current terminal of an inverter. The performance of the system depends on the control of ...voltage and current across the circuit. Voltage control in eliminates the need for changing the control loop when the power supply is changed to the alternating current source. The report explains the constant power supply voltage control. The diagram for the bidirectional dc/dc converters is analysed and the mathematical representations are given. The dynamic performance of the circuit is calculated to give the efficiency of the system in DC-link voltage control.
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