It was clarified from investigation of physical properties of silk fibers produced by various silkworm races, which had been reared from Meiji Era, that as the silkworm races were improved, ...extensibility of silk fibers markedly decreased and YOUNG'S modulus and dynamic modulus of silk fibers was increased slowly, but the change of tenacity of silk fibers was not detected. According to thermal analysis, the decomposition temperature of silk fibers of rescent races shifted to higher temperature in range of about 10°C as compared to the silks in Meiji Era.
To establish a reliable laboratory assay for quantitating topical anti-inflammatory efficacy, the method of Tonelli et al was modified by employing felt fixed forceps, felt and sharp punch in Wistar ...rats. Croton oil, applied topically to the rat ear, elicited an acute phlogistic response which was maximal 6 hr after the application. The phlogistic response elicited by a single topical application of croton oil (1, 2, 5 and 10%) was increased in a dose-dependent manner, and croton oil, 5%, induced 63.2% increase of ear weight and was the optimal concentration for the experiment. Using this procedure, the antiphlogistic potencies of two corticoids were assayed under conditions of a blind test. ED50 of betamethasone valerate and diflucortolone valerate was 0.26 mg/ml and 0.0097 mg/ml, respectively, in Wistar rats, and 0.86 mg/ml and 0.016 mg/ml in Sprague Dawley rats, suggesting that diflucortolone valerate has an antiphlogistic potency of 27-56 relative to that seen with betamethasone valerate with minor differences in the strain of the rat. Our method should prove to be a useful assay for rapidly quantitating antiphlogistic activities of topically applied corticoids.
Experimental results are presented for the cross sections measured at 90 of the reactions 42Ca(y, p), 42Ca(y, Po) and 42Ca(y, 1(0) between excitation energies 16 and 28 MeV.
Antihistaminic and other pharmacological actions both in vitro and in vivo were evaluated on 18 compounds involving octahydro-2H-pyrido1, 2-apyrazine (I), decahydropyrido1, 2-d1, 4diazepine (II), and ...decahydropyrido1, 2-a1, 4diazepine (III) derivatives, and correlation between chemical structure and antihistaminic activity was investigated. Since it was found that the most effective gross structure and substituent was I and a benzhydryl grouping, respectively, 2-benzhydryloctahydro-2H-pyrido1, 2-apyrazine (I-2) was established as the most powerful agent among these compounds. This was demonstrated by the fact that I-2 exhibited a high antihistaminic potency both in vitro and in vivo, as well as a strong adsorbability to guinea pig ileum which was estimated to be equivalent to diphenhydramine (IV). Furthermore, I-2 gave a lower acute toxicity than IV or homochlorcyclizine and was more effective than IV not only in antiserotoninic and anticholinergic activities but also in anti-barium activity. A weak surface anesthetic effect of I-2 was also observed on the cornea of a guinea pig.
Gallic acid, methyl gallate, dehydrodigallic acid, three tannic constituents named MP-2, MP-3, MP-4 and a related substance MP-10 were isolated from chestnut galls by solvent fractionation and column ...chromatography. Hydrolysis with tannase revealed the components of these tannic substances as follows, MP-2: d-glucose, gallic acid and compound I (3,4, 5-trihydroxybenzyl alcohol); MP-3 and MP-4: d-glucose, compound I and compound II (dehydrodigallic acid); MP-10: d-glucose and compound I.
PDF
