Integrated Electrode (IDEs), as a sensor, is a pervasive device in modern electronics and future hopes for producing a highly sensitive and selective sensor. In this work, a simple method of ...conventional photolithography for the fabrication of interdigitated electrodes is presented in detail. The structural of highly uniform IDEs device was optically characterized using high power microscope (HPM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Besides, the fabricated IDEs device was undergone electrical measurement with different pH. The result shows the highest current at 96 nA when the IDEs was tested with pH 10. Overall, our study establishes a correlation between structural and electrical properties of Al IDEs thin films with different pH
Wireless capsule endoscopy has become a common procedure for diagnostic inspection of gastrointestinal tract. This method offers a less-invasive alternative to traditional endoscopy by eliminating ...uncomfortable procedures of the traditional endoscopy. Moreover, it provides the opportunity for exploring inaccessible areas of the small intestine. Current capsule endoscopes, however, move by peristalsis and are not capable of detailed and on-demand inspection of desired locations. Here, we propose and develop two wireless endoscopes with maneuverable vision systems to enhance diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders. The vision systems in these capsules are equipped with mechanical actuators to adjust the position of the camera. This may help to cover larger areas of the digestive tract and investigate desired locations. The preliminary experimental results showed that the developed platform could successfully communicate with the external control unit via human body and adjust the position of camera to limited degrees.
An ingestible wireless capsule for treatment of obesity Kencana, Andy P; Rasouli, Mahdi; Huynh, Van A ...
2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology,
01/2010, Letnik:
2010
Conference Proceeding, Journal Article
Intragastric balloon has become a popular method for treatment of obesity due to its less-invasive and non-pharmaceutical procedure. In this method, a gas (or liquid)-filled balloon is inserted into ...the stomach using endoscopy or surgery. The balloon stays in and partially fills the stomach for a desired period of time to induce the feeling of satiety in the patient. At the end of the treatment period, the balloon is removed from the body using endoscopy or surgery. Although proven effective in treatment of obesity, this method suffers from several drawbacks. Requiring an endoscopic procedure or surgery to insert and exert the balloon from the stomach is the most important disadvantage of this method. These procedures are usually costly and may cause the patient to feel uncomfortable. Here, we propose a non-invasive method to overcome these drawbacks. In this method, an intragastric balloon is introduced into the body using an ingestible capsule. The volume of the capsule can be adjusted wirelessly after being swallowed by the patient. Using this method, a non-invasive and patient-specific treatment is possible.
Body sensor networks (BSNs) is a challenging research area that have attracted many researchers in recent times. Examples of BSN applications include those that are used to detect vital signs of the ...human body. As these body sensor devices are typically powered by batteries that are difficult to replace, energy efficient MAC protocols play an important role in BSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel TDMA-based energy efficient MAC protocol for in-vivo communications between mobile nodes in BSNs using an uplink/downlink asymmetric network architecture. A TDMA scheduling scheme and changeable frame formats are also proposed. An adaptive power control scheme is designed especially for the mobile sensor scenarios presented. Simulation results based on the random mobility pattern show that the power consumption of the proposed MAC protocol is much lesser than that of the star topology TDMA. Furthermore, it is also shown that the latency performance can be improved by reducing the data slot duration.
With the development of sensor and wireless communication technologies, the concept of body sensor networks (BSNs) is proposed in recent years. BSNs are used to measure a large number of vital signs ...of the human body. Body sensor devices are typically powered by batteries and difficult to replace, so energy efficient medium access control (MAC) protocols, which can perform medium access mechanism with less energy are necessary. In this paper, we propose a novel energy saving MAC protocol for mobile BSNs based on time division multiple access (TDMA). An uplink, downlink asymmetric network architecture is introduced. A changeable access and sleep frame format as well as a routing algorithm are proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed MAC protocol achieves lower energy consumption than IEEE 802.15.6.
The advancements in wireless communication and electronic technologies enable novel health monitoring devices to be developed and deployed for in-vivo medical examination and treatment. Wireless ...capsule which can examine the gastrointestinal tract with many kinds of sensors and send the collected data outside the human body wirelessly is very promising. To the authors' best knowledge, no previous work has been done for using multihop communication in multi-capsule networks. In this paper, multihop communications through the human body is proved effective for saving energy at a given transmit/receive circuitry power consumption by simulation. The total energy saving ratio can be more than 90%. This paper also proposes a novel topology for multi-capsule networks, which utilizes asymmetric uplink and downlink routes for bidirectional communication. In this way, the network can achieve a better tradeoff between power consumption and delay performance.
TDMA based MAC protocol for wireless capsule communications Lin Lin; Kai-Juan Wong; Su-Lim Tan ...
2011 IEEE 16th International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD),
2011-June
Conference Proceeding
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is getting more and more popular in recent years. Compared with the traditional push endoscopy, it gives patients little discomfort. Researchers are focusing on ...providing many advanced functionalities such as active locomotion, drug delivery. it can also imagined that more than one capsules are swallowed by patients and these capsules co-work to finish some common task. The capsules and data recorder form a wireless capsule network. This multiple capsule networks have some unique attributes which are different from wireless sensor networks and body sensor networks. A novel TDMA based asymmetric topology MAC protocol is proposed. The uplink and downlink data communications follow different topology. By this way the energy consumption can be reduced. The TDMA frame format is proposed. Simulation results using Qualnet 5.0 show that the proposed protocol outperforms star topology TDMA in terms of energy consumption.
A FUZZY MULTIPLE METRICS LINK ASSESSMENT FOR ROUTING IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS Soo, Ai Luang; Tan, Chong Eng; Tay, Kai Meng
International Conference on Power Control and Optimization. Power Control and Optimization : Proceedings of the Global Conference on Power Control and Optimization,
12/2010
Trade Publication Article
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