OBJECTIVE： To assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture therapy for angina pectoris. METHODS： Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） concerned with acupuncture treatment of angina pectoris were ...identified by searching Academic Source Premier, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded, and three Chinese databases （China biol- ogy medicine database, China national knowledge infrastructure, and VlP database for Chinese techni- cal periodicals）. The valid data were extracted in ac- cordance with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The main outcomes of the included studies were synthesized using Revman 5.1. RESULTS： Twenty-one articles on 16 individual studies were included and evaluated as having high or moderate risk of bias according to the stan- dards of the Cochrane Collaboration. Meta-analysis indicated that acupuncture combined with conven- tional drugs （ACCD） was superior to conventional drugs alone in reducing the incidence of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） 0R=0.18, 95%CI （0.04,0.84）, P=0.03. Moreover, ACCD was superior to con- ventional drugs in the relief of angina symptoms 0R=4.23, 95%C/（2.73, 6..56）, P〈0.00001, and im- provement of electrocardiography （ECG） 0R=2.61, 95%C/（1.83, 3.73）, P〈0.00001. Acupuncture by it- self was also superior to conventional drugs for angi- na symptoms 0R=3.59, 95%C/（1.76, 7.92）, P=0.0004 and ECG improvement 0R=3.07, 95%C/（1.54, 6.10）, P=0.001. ACCD was superior to conventional drugs in shortening the time to onset of angina relief WMD=-1.40, 95% CI （-1.65, -1.15）, P〈 0.00001. However, the time to onset was signifi- cantly longer for acupuncture treatment than for conventional treatment alone WMD=2A3, 95%O （1.63, 3.23）, P〈0.000 01. CONCLUSION： ACCD reduced the occurrence of AMI, and both acupuncture and ACCD relieved an- gina symptoms and improved ECG. However, com- pared with conventional treatment, acupuncture showed a longer delay before its onset of action. This indicates that acupuncture is not suitable for emergency treatment of heart attack. Owing to the poor quality of the current evidence, the findings of this systematic review need to be verified by more RCTs to enhance statistical power.
Influences of secondary hot-pressing overlaying process on properties of fiberboard Xu Xinwu, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing (China), College of Wood Science and Technology; Tang Zhengjie, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing (China), College of Wood Science and Technology; Zhou Kun, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing (China), College of Wood Science and Technology
Xi bei nong lin ke ji da xue xue bao.Zi ran ke xue ban,
Dec. 2011, Letnik:
39, Številka:
12
Journal Article
通过模拟热压贴面工艺，揭示高密度纤维板(HDF)基材在二次热压过程中性能的变化。控制HDF基材的二次热压工艺条件(热压温度分别为160，180，200和220 ℃；热压压力为1 MPa；热压时间分别设定为30，45和60 s)，研究热压对HDF板材的厚度、内结合强度(IB)、静曲强度(MOR)、弹性模量(MOE)及24 ...h吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)的影响。根据HDF板材的显微结构，提出了板材中纤维排列的“叠层”和“‘品’字”模型，并结合上述试验，对板材性能变化进行阐释。经历二次热压后，由于HDF板材受到压缩、内部胶接点受到破坏，板的厚度显著减小(最高压缩率达到8.39%)；热压温度越高、时间越长，板材IB、MOR和MOE的降低和TS值的上升越明显。二次热压工艺对HDF基材性能具有显著影响，建议热压温度不高于180 ℃、热压压力约1 MPa、热压时间小于30 s。
This study was conducted to disclose the change of HDF properties during secondary hotpressing. Hot-pressing conditions were designed, i.e., temperature (160, 180, 200 and 220 ℃), pressure (1 MPa), and time (30, 45, and 60 s), to find out the possible changes of HDF properties, including inner bond strength (IB), bending strength (MOR) and modulus (MOE), and thickness swelling (TS). To explain the above changes, two models of fiber orientation in HDF matrix, i.e., a layering model and a triangle-shaped model, were created, in accordance with the microscopic structure of HDF board. HDF boards through hot-pressing were evidently comp
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious infectious disease. Similar to H7N9 infection, pneumonia and cytokine storm are typical clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Our previous ...studies found that H7N9 patients had intestinal dysbiosis. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and COVID-19 has not been determined. This study recruited a cohort of 57 patients with either general (n = 20), severe (n = 19), or critical (n = 18) disease. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the abundance of ten predominant intestinal bacterial groups in COVID-19 patients using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), and to establish a correlation between these bacterial groups and clinical indicators of pneumonia in these patients. The results indicated that dysbiosis occurred in COVID-19 patients and changes in the gut microbial community were associated with disease severity and hematological parameters. The abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium leptum, and Eubacterium rectale, decreased significantly, and this shift in bacterial community may help discriminate critical patients from general and severe patients. Moreover, the number of common opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus (Ec) and Enterobacteriaceae (E) increased, especially in critically ill patients with poor prognosis. The results suggest that these bacterial groups can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for COVID-19, and that the Ec/E ratio can be used to predict death in critically ill patients.
Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging serious global health problem. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients, and severe acute respiratory syndrome ...coronavirus 2 RNA has been detected in stool specimens. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and disease remains to be established.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 30 patients with COVID-19, 24 patients with influenza A(H1N1), and 30 matched healthy controls (HCs) to identify differences in the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene V3–V4 region sequencing.
Results
Compared with HCs, COVID-19 patients had significantly reduced bacterial diversity; a significantly higher relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens, such as Streptococcus, Rothia, Veillonella, and Actinomyces; and a lower relative abundance of beneficial symbionts. Five biomarkers showed high accuracy for distinguishing COVID-19 patients from HCs with an area under the curve (AUC) up to 0.89. Patients with H1N1 displayed lower diversity and different overall microbial composition compared with COVID-19 patients. Seven biomarkers were selected to distinguish the 2 cohorts (AUC = 0.94).
Conclusions
The gut microbial signature of patients with COVID-19 was different from that of H1N1 patients and HCs. Our study suggests the potential value of the gut microbiota as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for COVID-19, but further validation is needed.
In this cross-sectional study, we identified specific signatures of the fecal microbiota in COVID-19 patients, H1N1 patients, and healthy controls in a Chinese population by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing, to provide a theoretical basis for intestinal microbial intervention.
In the paper, we propose a batch fringe extraction method for the single FPP fringe pattern based on a triple serial and parallel convolution neural network. The proposed network is a combination of ...three deep convolution neural networks in a serial and parallel way. We train the network by pairs of the original FPP fringe patterns and the corresponding fringe components. When the network is trained successfully, the fringe component can be obtained directly by feeding the original FPP fringe pattern into the trained network. Based on the extracted fringe component, we get the desired phase. We test the proposed method on many FPP fringe patterns and compare them with four reference methods including the Fourier transform, Shearlet transform, bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition, and variational image decomposition methods. We also evaluate the performances with three quantitative metrics and four visual presentations. The experiment results show that the proposed method can extract the fringe component more accurately than the four reference methods. Besides, the proposed method can adaptively process different FPP fringe patterns in batch without any parameter fine-tuning. Additionally, the proposed method has been applied in a real dynamic measurement of a leaf in continuous dehydration successfully.
Branded applications (apps) have become core touchpoints for improving consumer shopping experiences in omni-channel retailing, and many firms have developed different types of branded apps to ...provide additional value. Moreover, continuous usage intention is the key to improving enterprises’ gain efficiency and consumers’ brand loyalty. This study aims to reveal how branded apps achieve continuance intention from the perspective of consumer perceptions by combining the technology acceptance model and investigating the impact of differences in channel features on usage behavior between the two types of branded apps. An experiment was designed comparing transaction- and experience-oriented branded apps. A structural equation modeling technique was employed to validate the model based on the survey data of respondents from the experimental groups. The results show that the supportive role of omni-channel has a unique experience mechanism that promotes continuous usage intention. However, there are two discrepant results regarding the effect of perceived complementarity on perceived usefulness in transaction- and experience-oriented branded apps. The mediating role of perceived usefulness between perceived consistency, complementarity, ease of use and consumer satisfaction was supported in the experience-oriented apps but rejected in the transaction-oriented apps.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) found primarily in fish oil have been a popular supplement for cardiovascular health because they can substantially reduce circulating triglyceride levels ...in the bloodstream to prevent atherosclerosis. Beyond this established extracellular activity, here, we report a mode of action of PUFA, regulating intracellular triglyceride metabolism and lipid droplet (LD) dynamics. Real-time imaging of the subtle and highly dynamic changes of intracellular lipid metabolism was enabled by a fluorescence lifetime probe that addressed the limitations of intensity-based fluorescence quantifications. Surprisingly, we found that among omega-3 PUFA, only docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) promoted the lipolysis in LDs and reduced the overall fat content by approximately 50%, and consequently helped suppress macrophage differentiation into foam cells, one of the early steps responsible for atherosclerosis. Eicosapentaenoic acid, another omega-3 FA in fish oil, however, counteracted the beneficial effects of DHA on lipolysis promotion and cell foaming prevention. These in vitro findings warrant future validation in vivo.
Leaf angle (LA) is one of the most important canopy architecture related traits in maize (
Zea mays
L.). However, the genetic basis of LA at canopy-wide levels is still not completely understood. In ...this study, one RIL population derived from two parent lines with distinct plant architecture was used for QTL mapping of LA at eight leaves below the tassel across three environments. Fifty-six QTL for LA of eight leaves were identified in single environment analysis and 44 QTL for LA of eight leaves were detected in joint analysis. Among them, nine common QTL were identified because they were detected for LA more than 1 leaves or in 2 or 3 environments. The single QTL could explain 1.29–20.14% of the phenotypic variation with affecting LA of 1–8 leaves, included
qLA5.1
affected LA of all eight leaves,
qLA3.1
affected LA of the upper leaves (1stLA–4thLA), and
qLA9.1
affected LA of the lower leaves (5thLA–8thLA). Furthermore, the 8thLA was mainly affected by major and minor QTL; the 1stLA, 4thLA and 5thLA were affected by major QTL, minor QTL and epistatic interactions; the other four LAs were simultaneously affected by major QTL, minor QTL, epistatic interactions and environments, inferred that the genetic architecture of LA of eight leaves was different. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of genetic basis of LA at canopy-wide levels, which will be helpful to design the ideal plant architecture in maize.
Maize ear carries paired spikelets, whereas the ear of its wild ancestor, teosinte, bears single spikelets. However, little is known about the genetic basis of the processes of transformation of ...single spikelets in teosinte ear to paired spikelets in maize ear. In this study, a two-ranked, paired-spikelets primitive maize and a two-ranked, single-spikelet teosinte were utilized to develop an F
2
population, and quantitative trait locus (loci) (QTL) mapping for single vs. paired spikelets (PEDS) was performed. One major QTL (
qPEDS3.1
) for PEDS located on chromosome 3S was identified in the 162 F
2
plants using the inclusive composite interval mapping of additive (ICIM-ADD) module, explaining 23.79% of the phenotypic variance. Out of the 409 F
2
plants, 43 plants with
PEDS
= 0% and 43 plants with PEDS > 20% were selected for selective genotyping, and the QTL (
qPEDS3.1
) was detected again. Moreover, the QTL (
qPEDS3.1
) was validated in three environments, which explained 31.05%, 38.94%, and 23.16% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. In addition, 50 epistatic QTLs were detected in the 162 F
2
plants using the two-locus epistatic QTL (ICIM-EPI) module; they were distributed on all 10 chromosomes and explained 94.40% of the total phenotypic variance. The results contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of domestication of paired spikelets and provide a genetic resource for future map-based cloning; in addition, the systematic dissection of epistatic interactions underlies a theoretical framework for overcoming epistatic effects on QTL fine mapping.
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