Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are debilitating musculoskeletal diseases of the elderly.
Ficus deltoidea
(FD) or mistletoe fig, a medicinal plant, was pre-clinically evaluated against OP- ...and OA-related bone alterations, in postmenopausal OA rat model. Thirty twelfth-week-old female rats were divided into groups (
n
= 6). Four groups were bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) and OA-induced by intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) injection into the right knee joints. The Sham control and OVX-OA non-treated groups were given deionized water. The three other OVX-OA groups were orally administered daily with FD extract (200, 400 mg/kg) or diclofenac (5 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. The rats’ bones and blood were evaluated for protein and mRNA expressions of osteoporosis and inflammatory indicators, and micro-CT computed tomography for bone microstructure. The non-treated OVX-OA rats developed severe OP bone loss and bone microstructural damage in the subchondral and metaphyseal regions, supported by reduced serum bone formation markers (osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin) and increased bone resorption markers (RANKL and CTX-I). The FD extract significantly (
p
< 0.05) mitigated these bone microstructural and biomarker changes by dose-dependently down-regulating pro-inflammatory NF-κβ, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA expressions. The FD extract demonstrated good anti-osteoporotic properties in this OP/OA preclinical model by stimulating bone formation and suppressing bone resorption via anti-inflammatory pathways. This is among the few reports relating the subchondral bone plate and trabecular thickening with the metaphyseal trabecular osteopenic bone loss under osteoporotic-osteoarthritis conditions, providing some insights on the debated inverse relationship between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.
This research aims to reveal the strategy of public relations in building the image of Madrasah. The research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah NU 05 Gemuh, using a qualitative approach and ...triangulation techniques. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, and field observations. Sources of informants involved school principals, public relations, teachers, and student parents. The research results show that the public relations manager's strategy in building the Madrasah image involves the "Madrasah Greets" program. This approach involves understanding the internal and external conditions of the Madrasah, which is adopted through the Aida theory. Madrasah Greeting is implemented with steps such as understanding the image of the Madrasah from the perspective of attention, public interest, desire, and action. The next step is the implementation of Madrasah consistency and, finally, the Madrasah control program. The implications of this research are the realization of quality Madrasah capable of meeting the educational needs of the community, improving the quality of public education, making Madrasah a center for innovative and creative learning activities, as well as increasing confidence in the existence of Madrasah and eliminating arguments as a second option.
This study aims to understand the mutual relationship between teachers and parents in improving student learning outcomes. The site of this research is SMA NU 01 Al-Hidayah Kendal. This research uses ...a qualitative case study approach, where the researcher tries to understand the meaning behind the phenomena that occur in the field through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that the mutual relationship built by the school to make teachers and parents more intimate in improving student learning outcomes was carried out through careful and systematic planning by involving all school parties to obtain optimal results. The planning carried out then carried out optimally and carried out jointly by the school with a mutualistic symbiotic principle and continued with an evaluation with the principle of continuous improvement.
Ficus deltoidea Jack (mistletoe fig) is an ornamental plant found in various parts of the world and used as traditional herbal medicine in some countries. This study investigated the potential use of ...F deltoidea leaf extract to mitigate osteoarthritis (OA) in ovariectomized (estrogen-deficient postmenopausal model) rats and the mechanisms involved. Diclofenac was used for comparison.
Sprague-Dawley female rats (12 weeks old) were divided randomly into five groups (n = 6): healthy; nontreated OA; OA + diclofenac (5 mg/kg); OA + extract (200 mg/kg); and OA + extract (400 mg/kg). Two weeks after bilaterally ovariectomy, OA was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate into the right knee joints. After 28 days of treatment, the rats were evaluated for knee OA via physical (radiological and histological observations), biochemical, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and gene expression analysis, for inflammation and cartilage degradation biomarkers.
The osteoarthritic rats treated with the extract, and diclofenac showed significant reduction of cartilage erosion (via radiological, macroscopic, and histological images) compared with untreated osteoarthritic rats. The elevated serum interleukin-1β, prostaglandin E2, and C-telopeptide type II collagen levels in osteoarthritic rats were significantly reduced by F deltoidea leaf extract comparable to diclofenac. The extract significantly down-regulated the interleukin-1β, prostaglandin E2 receptor, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 mRNA expressions in the osteoarthritic cartilages, similar to diclofenac.
F deltoidea leaf extract mitigated postmenopausal osteoarthritic joint destruction by inhibiting inflammation and cartilage degradation enzymes, at an effective extract dose equivalent to about 60 mg/kg for humans. The main bioactive compounds are probably the antioxidative flavonoids vitexin and isovitexin.
The scopoletin (coumarin) and epicatechin (flavonoid) rich Morinda citrifolia L. (MC) Noni leaves are non‐toxic (unlike the fruits) and consumed as vegetables. The anti‐osteoarthritis effects of the ...MC leaf extract against joint cartilage degradation and inflammation were investigated through cartilage explant cultures and pre‐clinical animal study. Osteoarthritis were induced by intra‐articular monosodium iodoacetate injection into the right knee. The extract, scopoletin and epicatechin, suppressed glycosaminoglycan and nitric oxide release from the cartilage explant in the presence of Interleukin‐1β. After 28 days, the extract treatment reduced the in vivo serum levels and joint tissues mRNA expressions for joint cartilage degradation, aggrecanase, and collagenase biomarkers. The extract increased the bone formation marker PINP levels, besides improving the articular cartilage structure and chondrocytes cellularity. The extract improved bone formation/repair, subchondral bone structure, strength and integrity, as well as cartilage synthesis by suppressing inflammation, nitric oxide production, joint catabolism by proteases, and oxidative stress.
Practical applications
The scopoletin (coumarin) and epicatechin (flavonoid) rich Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaves may be used as vegetables, functional food ingredient, or dietary supplements to suppress osteoarthritis progression against joint cartilage degradation and inflammation. The extract, scopoletin, or epicatechin, suppressed glycosaminoglycan, and nitric oxide release from the cartilage. The Morinda citrifolia leaf extract suppressed inflammation, nitric oxide production, tissues catabolism by proteases and oxidative stress to help reduce joint cartilage degradation, besides improving the articular cartilage structure, chondrocytes health, subchondral bone structure, bone formation/repair, and cartilage synthesis.
The tropical herb
Labisia pumila
is traditionally used in facilitating childbirth and post-partum care. The effects of
L. pumila
leaf extract (LP) in explant cartilage culture and on postmenopausal ...osteoarthritis (OA) rat model were assessed. The LP (10, 25 and 50 µg/ml) or diclofenac (10 µg/ml) was added to the cartilage explants containing bovine IL-1β (20 ng/ml), to evaluate their direct effects on cartilage degradation. In the preclinical study, rats were grouped (
n
= 8) into: non-treated OA; OA + diclofenac (5 mg/kg); OA + LP extract (150 and 300 mg/kg); and healthy control. To induce OA, monosodium iodoacetate was injected into the ovariectomised female rats’ intra-articular knee joints and evaluated for OA severity after 8 weeks via physical (radiological, macroscopic and histological observations), biochemical, ELISA and mRNA expression analysis (for inflammation and cartilage degradation biomarkers). The LP reduced the nitric oxide and proteoglycan release from the cartilage explants under IL-1β induction. The radiological, macroscopic, microscopic and histological images showed the OA rats treated with LP and diclofenac had significantly reduced osteophytes and cartilage erosions compared to non-treated OA rats. The extract significantly up-regulated the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10, collagen type II and down-regulated pro-inflammatory PTGS2 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) mRNA expressions compared to non-treated control. The LP treatment significantly reduced serum collagenases (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and collagen type II degradation biomarker (CTX-II) levels in OA rats. The LP containing myricetin and gallic acid suppressed inflammation, collagenases and cartilage degradation, and helped cartilage matrix synthesis, to prevent OA at the dose equivalent to 30–60 mg/kg daily for humans.
Al-Muhasibi was a phenomenal figure in the VIII-IX centuries who mastered several disciplines, especially fiqh and al-hadith as well as Sufism. Al-Muhasibi was born in Iraq in 781 AD (165 AH). His ...thoughts in the field of Sufism can be found in several of his monumental works, among others, in ar-Risalah lil Huquqillah, al-Washoya aw an-Nashoih, Risalah al-Mustarsyidin, al-Masail fi A'mal al Qulub wa al-Jawarih wa al- Makasib wa al-Aql and Fi Fahm al Qur'an (understanding the Koran). The book of al-Masail fi A'mal al-Qulub wa al-jawarih fi al-Makasib wa-al-Aql by al-Muhasibi essentially leads to spiritual education so that people are clean in mind, have a clear heart and sincerely seek forgiveness and love of Allah in their activities. The Methode used in this paper is qualitative content analysis. This book explaned about zuhud and keeping the body as good as possible to achieve the mercy and blessing from the God the almighty. al Muhasibi explained that people who have simple ideals will cause that person to have positive activities and always be zuhud in spending their assets. This is because, he is afraid that his property will be lost so that he cannot spend it according to Allah's command. al-Muhasibi's thoughts in his book al Masail fi A'mal al-Qulub wa al-jawarih fi al Makasib Wa al-Aql to be used as a qudwah (model) for human behavior. The behavior referred to here is both in the context of human interaction in the vertical dimension, namely interacting with God (Allah), as well as in the horizontal application level, namely human interaction with other humans.
This study describes character building through scout extracurricular activities at a private madrassa in Kudus city Indonesia. This research approach is qualitative, to reveal and understand the ...reality in Private Madrasah Banat Kudus. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation study. The research findings are the interrelation of scout extracurricular activities by building student character, namely the learning outcomes in the classroom with attitudes and skills that students need to develop to have noble values of characters, including religious, honest, disciplined, democratic, socially caring, caring environment, tolerance, deliberation, help each other, communicative and appreciate diversity.
This article examines Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) as traditional Indonesian Islamic educational institutions, showing a new face as agents in nature conservation, especially forest ...conservation and considering Indonesia as a country with the best tropical forest land in the world and pesantren as indigenous Islamic educational institutions owned by Indonesia. This study finds pesantren as the landscape of a forest conservation movement started by the Al-Ittifaq pesantren and the Ecopesantren community. By focusing on the eco-centric paradigm where Islamic teachings teach the concept of forest conservation, this concept is rarely taught in traditional Islamic educational institutions such as pesantren. The results found that the eco-pesantren model was created by integrating religious education and ecological conceptions of dialectical
qauliyah
and
kauniyah
verses through the involvement of community alliances. Kyai’s leadership behaviour is a key factor where all three (meditation, mediation, and reflection) are formed based on the two powers of authority in Weber’s tripartite (legal-formal and transformational). This study contributes that Islamic education is a religious institution that teaches forest conservation movements through an eco-pesantren format. This research contributes that pesantren can synergise religion and forest conservation movements through the eco-pesantren format.
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