ABSTRACT
We have entered a new era where integral-field spectroscopic surveys of galaxies are sufficiently large to adequately sample large-scale structure over a cosmologically significant volume. ...This was the primary design goal of the SAMI Galaxy Survey. Here, in Data Release 3, we release data for the full sample of 3068 unique galaxies observed. This includes the SAMI cluster sample of 888 unique galaxies for the first time. For each galaxy, there are two primary spectral cubes covering the blue (370–570 nm) and red (630–740 nm) optical wavelength ranges at spectral resolving power of R = 1808 and 4304, respectively. For each primary cube, we also provide three spatially binned spectral cubes and a set of standardized aperture spectra. For each galaxy, we include complete 2D maps from parametrized fitting to the emission-line and absorption-line spectral data. These maps provide information on the gas ionization and kinematics, stellar kinematics and populations, and more. All data are available online through Australian Astronomical Optics Data Central.
Abstract
We present the ∼800 star formation rate maps for the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey based on H α emission maps, corrected for dust attenuation via ...the Balmer decrement, that are included in the SAMI Public Data Release 1. We mask out spaxels contaminated by non-stellar emission using the O iii/H β, N ii/H α, S ii/H α, and O i/H α line ratios. Using these maps, we examine the global and resolved star-forming main sequences of SAMI galaxies as a function of morphology, environmental density, and stellar mass. Galaxies further below the star-forming main sequence are more likely to have flatter star formation profiles. Early-type galaxies split into two populations with similar stellar masses and central stellar mass surface densities. The main-sequence population has centrally concentrated star formation similar to late-type galaxies, while galaxies >3σ below the main sequence show significantly reduced star formation most strikingly in the nuclear regions. The split populations support a two-step quenching mechanism, wherein halo mass first cuts off the gas supply and remaining gas continues to form stars until the local stellar mass surface density can stabilize the reduced remaining fuel against further star formation. Across all morphologies, galaxies in denser environments show a decreased specific star formation rate from the outside in, supporting an environmental cause for quenching, such as ram-pressure stripping or galaxy interactions.
Origin of cosmic chemical abundances Maio, Umberto; Tescari, Edoardo
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
11/2015, Letnik:
453, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Cosmological N-body hydrodynamic computations following atomic and molecular chemistry (e−, H, H+, H−, He, He+, He++, D, D+, H2, H
$_2^+$
, HD, HeH+), gas cooling, star formation and production of ...heavy elements (C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca, Fe, etc.) from stars covering a range of mass and metallicity are used to explore the origin of several chemical abundance patterns and to study both the metal and molecular content during simulated galaxy assembly. The resulting trends show a remarkable similarity to up-to-date observations of the most metal-poor damped Lyman α absorbers at redshift z ≳ 2. These exhibit a transient nature and represent collapsing gaseous structures captured while cooling is becoming effective in lowering the temperature below ∼ 104 K, before they are disrupted by episodes of star formation or tidal effects. Our theoretical results agree with the available data for typical elemental ratios, such as C/O, Si/Fe, O/Fe, Si/O, Fe/H, O/H at redshifts z ∼ 2–7. Correlations between H i and H2 abundances show temporal and local variations and large spreads as a result of the increasing cosmic star formation activity from z ∼ 6 to 3. The scatter we find in the abundance ratios is compatible with the observational data and is explained by simultaneous enrichment by sources from different stellar phases or belonging to different stellar populations. Simulated synthetic spectra support the existence of metal-poor cold clumps with large optical depth at z ∼ 6 that could be potential Population III sites at low or intermediate redshift. The expected dust content is in line with recent determinations.
The Epoch of Reionization （EoR） poses a number of puzzles, including the sufficiency of ionizing radiation, the rapid production of supermassive black holes and the early appearance of abundant ...metals in larger galaxies. For the first of these, solutions focus on the main sequence evolution of massive stars, but the second and third puzzles involve the terminal phase of stellar evolution, and in particular, core collapse supernovae.
The world's most complex climate models are currently running a range of experiments as part of the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Added to the output from the Fifth Coupled ...Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the total data volume will be in the order of 20PB. Here, we present a dataset of annual, monthly, global, hemispheric and land/ocean means derived from a selection of experiments of key interest to climate data analysts and reduced complexity climate modellers. The derived dataset is a key part of validating, calibrating and developing reduced complexity climate models against the behaviour of more physically complete models. In addition to its use for reduced complexity climate modellers, we aim to make our data accessible to other research communities. We facilitate this in a number of ways. Firstly, given the focus on annual, monthly, global, hemispheric and land/ocean mean quantities, our dataset is orders of magnitude smaller than the source data and hence does not require specialized ‘big data’ expertise. Secondly, again because of its smaller size, we are able to offer our dataset in a text‐based format, greatly reducing the computational expertise required to work with CMIP output. Thirdly, we enable data provenance and integrity control by tracking all source metadata and providing tools which check whether a dataset has been retracted, that is identified as erroneous. The resulting dataset is updated as new CMIP6 results become available and we provide a stable access point to allow automated downloads. Along with our accompanying website (cmip6.science.unimelb.edu.au), we believe this dataset provides a unique community resource, as well as allowing non‐specialists to access CMIP data in a new, user‐friendly way.
We present a dataset of annual, monthly, global‐, hemispheric‐ and land/ocean means derived from a selection of CMIP5/CMIP6 experiments of key interest to climate data analysts and reduced complexity climate modellers. Our dataset is orders of magnitude smaller than the source data and hence does not require specialised ‘big data’ or netCDF expertise. We enable data provenance and integrity control by tracking all source metadata and providing tools which check whether a dataset has been retracted, i.e. identified as erroneous.
We present three-dimensional (3D) resonant radiative transfer simulations of the spatial and spectral diffusion of the Lyα radiation from a central source in the host galaxies of high column density ...absorption systems at z∼ 3. The radiative transfer simulations are based on a suite of cosmological galaxy formation simulations which reproduce a wide range of observed properties of damped Lyα absorption systems. The Lyα emission is predicted to be spatially extended up to several arcsec, and the spectral width of the Lyα emission is broadened to several hundred (in some case more than thousand) km s−1. The distribution and the dynamical state of the gas in the simulated galaxies are complex, the latter with significant contributions from rotation and both in- and out-flows. The emerging Lyα radiation extends to gas with column densities of N
H I∼ 1018 cm−2 and its spectral shape varies strongly with viewing angle. The strong dependence on the central H i column density and the H i velocity field suggests that the Lyα emission will also vary strongly with time on time-scales of a few dynamical times of the central region. Such variations with time should be especially pronounced at times where the host galaxy undergoes a major merger and/or starburst. Depending on the pre-dominance of in- or out-flow along a given sightline and the central column density, the spectra show prominent blue peaks, red peaks or double-peaked profiles. Both spatial distribution and spectral shape are very sensitive to details of the galactic wind implementation. Stronger galactic winds result in more spatially extended Lyα emission and - somewhat counterintuitively - a narrower spectral distribution.
Abstract
We present the first major release of data from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. This data release focuses on the emission-line physics of galaxies. Data Release One includes data for 772 galaxies, ...about 20 per cent of the full survey. Galaxies included have the redshift range 0.004 < z < 0.092, a large mass range (7.6 < log M*/ M⊙ < 11.6), and star formation rates of ∼10−4 to ∼101M⊙ yr−1. For each galaxy, we include two spectral cubes and a set of spatially resolved 2D maps: single- and multi-component emission-line fits (with dust-extinction corrections for strong lines), local dust extinction, and star formation rate. Calibration of the fibre throughputs, fluxes, and differential atmospheric refraction has been improved over the Early Data Release. The data have average spatial resolution of 2.16 arcsec (full width at half-maximum) over the 15 arcsec diameter field of view and spectral (kinematic) resolution of R = 4263 (σ = 30 km s−1) around H α. The relative flux calibration is better than 5 per cent, and absolute flux calibration has an rms of 10 per cent. The data are presented online through the Australian Astronomical Observatory's Data Central.
We investigate a sample of 40 local, main-sequence, edge-on disc galaxies using integral field spectroscopy with the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey to ...understand the link between properties of the extraplanar gas and their host galaxies. The kinematics properties of the extraplanar gas, including velocity asymmetries and increased dispersion, are used to differentiate galaxies hosting large-scale galactic winds from those dominated by the extended diffuse ionized gas. We find rather that a spectrum of diffuse gas-dominated to wind-dominated galaxies exist. The wind-dominated galaxies span a wide range of star formation rates (SFRs; −1 ≲ log (SFR/M⊙ yr−1) ≲ 0.5) across the whole stellar mass range of the sample (8.5 ≲ log (M
*/M⊙) ≲ 11). The wind galaxies also span a wide range in SFR surface densities (10− 3–10− 1.5 M⊙ yr− 1 kpc− 2) that is much lower than the canonical threshold of 0.1 M⊙ yr− 1 kpc− 2. The wind galaxies on average have higher SFR surface densities and higher HδA values than those without strong wind signatures. The enhanced HδA indicates that bursts of star formation in the recent past are necessary for driving large-scale galactic winds. We demonstrate with Sloan Digital Sky Survey data that galaxies with high SFR surface density have experienced bursts of star formation in the recent past. Our results imply that the galactic winds revealed in our study are indeed driven by bursts of star formation, and thus probing star formation in the time domain is crucial for finding and understanding galactic winds.
We explore new observationally constrained subresolution models of galactic outflows and investigate their impact on the circumgalactic medium (CGM) in the redshift range z = 2-4. We perform ...cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, including star formation, chemical enrichment and four cases of supernovae-driven outflows: no wind (NW), an energy-driven constant velocity wind (CW), a radially varying wind (RVWa) where the outflow velocity has a positive correlation with galactocentric distance (r) and a RVW with additional dependence on halo mass (RVWb). Overall, we find that the outflows expel metal-enriched gas away from galaxies, significantly quench the star formation, reduce the central galactic metallicity and enrich the CGM. At z = 2, the radial profiles of gas properties around galaxy centres are most sensitive to the choice of the wind model for halo masses in the range (109-1011) M.
We infer that outflows in the RVWb model are least effective, with results similar to the NW case, except that the CGM is enriched more. Moreover, we find that the models CW and RVWa are similar, both showing the impact of effective winds, with the following notable differences. RVWa causes a greater suppression of star formation rate at z ≤ 5, and has a higher fraction of low-density (δ < 10), warm-hot (104-106 K) gas than in CW. Outflows in CW produce a higher and earlier enrichment of some intergalactic medium phases than in RVWa. By visual inspection, we note that the RVWa model shows galactic discs more pronounced than all the other wind models. We predict that some observational diagnostics are more promising to distinguish between different outflow driving mechanisms in galaxies: Z
C of the CGM gas at r ∼ (30-300) h
−1 kpc comoving, and C iv fraction of the inner gas at r < (4-5) h
−1 kpc comoving.
Abstract
We present predictions of spectral energy distributions (SEDs), from the UV to the FIR, of simulated galaxies at z = 0. These were obtained by post-processing the results of an N-body+hydro ...simulation of a cosmological box of side 25 Mpc, which uses the Multi-Phase Particle Integrator (MUPPI) for star formation and stellar feedback, with the grasil-3d radiative transfer code that includes reprocessing of UV light by dust. Physical properties of our sample of ∼500 galaxies resemble observed ones, though with some tension at small and large stellar masses. Comparing predicted SEDs of simulated galaxies with different samples of local galaxies, we find that these resemble observed ones, when normalized at 3.6 μm. A comparison with the Herschel Reference Survey shows that the average SEDs of galaxies, divided in bins of star formation rate (SFR), are reproduced in shape and absolute normalization to within a factor of ∼2, while average SEDs of galaxies divided in bins of stellar mass show tensions that are an effect of the difference of simulated and observed galaxies in the stellar mass–SFR plane. We use our sample to investigate the correlation of IR luminosity in Spitzer and Herschel bands with several galaxy properties. SFR is the quantity that best correlates with IR light up to 160 μm, while at longer wavelengths better correlations are found with molecular mass and, at 500 μm, with dust mass. However, using the position of the FIR peak as a proxy for cold dust temperature, we assess that heating of cold dust is mostly determined by SFR, with stellar mass giving only a minor contribution. We finally show how our sample of simulated galaxies can be used as a guide to understand the physical properties and selection biases of observed samples.
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