Fears and phobias are a common mental health concern for youth, and particularly for autistic youth. The following review briefly summarizes the extant literature on specific phobias and specific ...phobias in autistic youth. The evidence base is briefly highlighted pointing to the strong base behind behavioral and cognitive-behavioral treatments and techniques. A broad discussion of key evidence-based treatment findings is presented, leading up to the impactful work of Thomas H. Ollendick in researching Öst’s One-Session Treatment (OST) with children and adolescents. OST for child specific phobias is discussed, and particular emphasis is given to this treatment’s ongoing adaptation for use with youth on the autism spectrum.
The SWI SNF complex and cancer REISMAN, D; GLAROS, S; THOMPSON, E. A
Oncogene,
04/2009, Letnik:
28, Številka:
14
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The mammalian SWI/SNF complexes mediate ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling processes that are critical for differentiation and proliferation. Not surprisingly, loss of SWI/SNF function has been ...associated with malignant transformation, and a substantial body of evidence indicates that several components of the SWI/SNF complexes function as tumor suppressors. This review summarizes the evidence that underlies this conclusion, with particular emphasis upon the two catalytic subunits of the SWI/SNF complexes, BRM, the mammalian ortholog of SWI2/SNF2 in yeast and brahma in Drosophila, and Brahma-related gene-1 (BRG1).
There has been growing interest in the use of telehealth; however, the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent isolation and restrictions placed on in-person services have fast-tracked implementation ...needs for these services. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been particularly affected due to the often-intensive service needs required by this population. As a result, the aim of this review was to examine the evidence base, methodology, and outcomes of studies that have used telehealth for assessment and/or intervention with children and adolescents with ASD as well as their families over the last decade. Further, the goal is to highlight the advances in telehealth and its use with this special population. A systematic search of the literature was undertaken, with 55 studies meeting inclusion criteria and quality analysis. Specified details were extracted from each article, including participant characteristics, technology, measures, methodology/study design, and clinical and implementation outcomes. Services provided via telehealth included diagnostic assessments, preference assessments, early intervention, applied behavior analysis (ABA), functional assessment and functional communication training, and parent training. Findings, although still emerging, encouragingly suggested that services via telehealth were equivalent or better to services face-to-face. Results support the benefits to using telehealth with individuals with ASD. Future research should continue to explore the feasibility of both assessments and interventions via telehealth with those having ASD to make access to assessment services and interventions more feasible for families, while acknowledging the digital divide it could create.
We present imrphenomxphm, a phenomenological frequency-domain model for the gravitational-wave signal emitted by quasicircular precessing binary black holes, which incorporates multipoles beyond the ...dominant quadrupole in the precessing frame. The model is a precessing extension of imrphenomxhm, C. García-Quirós et al., Phys. Rev. D 102, 064002 (2020) based on approximate maps between aligned-spin waveform modes in the coprecessing frame and precessing waveform modes in the inertial frame, which is commonly referred to as "twisting up" the nonprecessing waveforms. imrphenomxphm includes imrphenomxp as a special case, the restriction to the dominant quadrupole contribution in the coprecessing frame. We implement two alternative mappings, one based on a single-spin post-Newtonian approximation, as used in imrphenompv2 M. Hannam et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 151101 (2014)., and one based on the double-spin multiple scale analysis approach of K. Chatziioannou et al., Phys. Rev. D 95, 104004 (2017).. We include a detailed discussion of conventions used in the description of precessing binaries and of all choices made in constructing the model. The computational cost of imrphenomxphm is further reduced by extending the interpolation technique of C. García-Quirós et al., Classical Quant. Grav. 38, 015006 (2021). to the Euler angles. The accuracy, speed, robustness, and modularity of the imrphenomx family will make these models productive tools for gravitational wave astronomy in the current era of greatly increased number and diversity of detected events.
We report that two oncogenes coamplified on chromosome 3q26, PRKCI and SOX2, cooperate to drive a stem-like phenotype in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Protein kinase Cι (PKCι) phosphorylates ...SOX2, a master transcriptional regulator of stemness, and recruits it to the promoter of Hedgehog (Hh) acyltransferase (HHAT) that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in Hh ligand production. PKCι-mediated SOX2 phosphorylation is required for HHAT promoter occupancy, HHAT expression, and maintenance of a stem-like phenotype. Primary LSCC tumors coordinately overexpress PKCι, SOX2, and HHAT and require PKCι-SOX2-HHAT signaling to maintain a stem-like phenotype. Thus, PKCι and SOX2 are genetically, biochemically, and functionally linked in LSCC, and together they drive tumorigenesis by establishing a cell-autonomous Hh signaling axis.
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•PRKCI and SOX2 are coamplified and coordinately overexpressed in LSCC tumors•PKCι transcriptionally regulates expression of Hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT)•PKCι directly phosphorylates and recruits SOX2 to the HHAT promoter•PKCι and SOX2 activate autocrine Hh signaling to maintain LSCC stem-like cells
Justilien et al. find a functional link between proteins encoded by PRKCI and SOX2 that are often coamplified in lung squamous cell carcinoma. PKCι phosphorylates SOX2, enabling it to increase HHAT expression that, in turn, activates cell-autonomous Hedgehog signaling to sustain a stem-like phenotype.
Luminescent complexes of heavy metals such as iridium, platinum, and ruthenium play an important role in photocatalysis and energy conversion applications as well as organic light-emitting diodes ...(OLEDs). Achieving comparable performance from more-earth-abundant copper requires overcoming the weak spin-orbit coupling of the light metal as well as limiting the high reorganization energies typical in copper(I) Cu(I) complexes. Here we report that two-coordinate Cu(I) complexes with redox active ligands in coplanar conformation manifest suppressed nonradiative decay, reduced structural reorganization, and sufficient orbital overlap for efficient charge transfer. We achieve photoluminescence efficiencies >99% and microsecond lifetimes, which lead to an efficient blue-emitting OLED. Photophysical analysis and simulations reveal a temperature-dependent interplay between emissive singlet and triplet charge-transfer states and amide-localized triplet states.
In the past decade, Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) has fundamentally changed our ability to remotely detect archaeological features and deepen our understanding of past human-environment ...interactions, settlement systems, agricultural practices, and monumental constructions. Across archaeological contexts, lidar relief visualization techniques test how local environments impact archaeological prospection. This study used a 132 km2 lidar dataset to assess three relief visualization techniques—sky-view factor (SVF), topographic position index (TPI), and simple local relief model (SLRM)—and object-based image analysis (OBIA) on a slope model for the non-automated visual detection of small hinterland Classic (250–800 CE) Maya settlements near the polities of Uxbenká and Ix Kuku’il in Southern Belize. Pedestrian survey in the study area identified 315 plazuelas across a 35 km2 area; the remaining 90 km2 in the lidar dataset is yet to be surveyed. The previously surveyed plazuelas were compared to the plazuelas visually identified on the TPI and SLRM. In total, an additional 563 new possible plazuelas were visually identified across the lidar dataset, using TPI and SLRM. Larger plazuelas, and especially plazuelas located in disturbed environments, are often more likely to be detected in a visual assessment of the TPI and SLRM. These findings emphasize the extent and density of Classic Maya settlements and highlight the continued need for pedestrian survey to ground-truth remotely identified archaeological features and the impact of modern anthropogenic behaviors for archaeological prospection. Remote sensing and lidar have deepened our understanding of past human settlement systems and low-density urbanism, processes that we experience today as humans residing in modern cities.
AbstractShear-wave velocity (Vs) offers a means to determine the seismic resistance of soil to liquefaction by a fundamental soil property. This paper presents the results of an 11-year international ...project to gather new Vs site data and develop probabilistic correlations for seismic soil liquefaction occurrence. Toward that objective, shear-wave velocity test sites were identified, and measurements made for 301 new liquefaction field case histories in China, Japan, Taiwan, Greece, and the United States over a decade. The majority of these new case histories reoccupy those previously investigated by penetration testing. These new data are combined with previously published case histories to build a global catalog of 422 case histories of Vs liquefaction performance. Bayesian regression and structural reliability methods facilitate a probabilistic treatment of the Vs catalog for performance-based engineering applications. Where possible, uncertainties of the variables comprising both the seismic demand and the soil capacity were estimated and included in the analysis, resulting in greatly reduced overall model uncertainty relative to previous studies. The presented data set and probabilistic analysis also help resolve the ancillary issues of adjustment for soil fines content and magnitude scaling factors.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, FGGLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Climate, physical landscapes, and biota interact to generate heterogeneous hydrologic conditions in space and over time, which are reflected in spatial patterns of species distributions. As these ...species distributions respond to rapid climate change, microrefugia may support local species persistence in the face of deteriorating climatic suitability. Recent focus on temperature as a determinant of microrefugia insufficiently accounts for the importance of hydrologic processes and changing water availability with changing climate. Where water scarcity is a major limitation now or under future climates, hydrologic microrefugia are likely to prove essential for species persistence, particularly for sessile species and plants. Zones of high relative water availability – mesic microenvironments – are generated by a wide array of hydrologic processes, and may be loosely coupled to climatic processes and therefore buffered from climate change. Here, we review the mechanisms that generate mesic microenvironments and their likely robustness in the face of climate change. We argue that mesic microenvironments will act as species‐specific refugia only if the nature and space/time variability in water availability are compatible with the ecological requirements of a target species. We illustrate this argument with case studies drawn from California oak woodland ecosystems. We posit that identification of hydrologic refugia could form a cornerstone of climate‐cognizant conservation strategies, but that this would require improved understanding of climate change effects on key hydrologic processes, including frequently cryptic processes such as groundwater flow.
In warming, drying climates, locally wet sites could form hydrologic microrefugia in which species could persist even as the surrounding landscape becomes unsuitable habitat. A wide variety of physical processes could form locally wet sites, which, if they meet physiological and community‐interaction requirements, could act as microrefugia. Identifying these sites could strengthen climate‐cognizant conservation strategies, but requires improved understanding of hard‐to‐observe hydrologic processes such as groundwater flow.
Iron-catalyzed graphitization of biomass Thompson, E; Danks, A E; Bourgeois, L ...
Green chemistry : an international journal and green chemistry resource : GC,
01/2015, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper reports the direct transformation of raw lignocellulosic biomass into nanostructured graphitic carbon in a single step. Catalytic iron carbide nanoparticles are generated in situ by ...thermal decomposition of absorbed iron nitrate followed by carbothermal reduction. The Fe sub(3)C particles then etch through the biomass to generate intertwined graphitic tubules through catalytic graphitization. The materials are mesoporous with the pore size dependant on the iron content. Conversion of raw biomass into stable graphitic carbon at relatively low temperatures (800 degree C) offers a promising route to large-scale and sustainable synthesis of carbons for electrode or filtration applications. This facile method can also be used to produce nanocomposites of Fe sub(3)C/graphite combined with nanoparticles of metal oxides such as CaO or MgO, again from a one-pot precursor, giving potential for a wide range of applications.
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