Based on a traditional split-ring resonator, a new type of eight-split-ring resonator structure, capable of providing negative permeability, is proposed in the paper. A three-dimension structure, ...consisting of three orthogonal eight-split-ring resonators, is a kind of three-dimension isotropic negative permeability structure. Simulation results show that in a three-dimensional space, the magnetic resonance behavior of three-dimensional structure is independent of electromagnetic wave direction and can give negative permeability at the frequency around 4.1GHz. Also, it is demonstrated that the orthogonal pattern in such three-dimension structure does not affect magnetic resonance behavior, facilitating structural analysis and material preparation. The paper provides a reference to the development of metamaterials towards multiple dimensions and directions.
The dysregulation of caspase 4 (
) expression is related to the occurrence, development, and outcome of many malignant tumors; however, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains ...unclear. Herein, we investigated the expression of
in tumor tissues and its relationship with clinical prognosis, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity status of ccRCC patients. Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were used to determine
mRNA expression in ccRCC patients. The correlation between
expression and disease prognosis was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Related pathways were obtained from TCGA database via gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Meanwhile, genes co-expressing with
in ccRCC were investigated. Finally, we analyzed the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) using the CIBERSORT computational method and assessed
methylation and its relationship with drug sensitivity. Immunohistochemical analysis of 30 paired ccRCC and adjacent normal tissues confirmed the
results.
mRNA expression in ccRCC was significantly higher than that in the normal tissues, positively correlated with clinicopathological features (clinical stage and pathological grade), and negatively correlated with patient overall survival (OS). GSEA and GSVA showed that the genes in the
-high expression group were primarily enriched in immune-related activities. Moreover, CIBERSORT analysis of TIC proportions revealed that activated CD4 memory T cells were positively correlated with
expression. Notably, methylation analysis revealed that the abnormal upregulation of
might be caused by hypomethylation. Finally, we found that the abnormal expression of
may be related to tumor drug resistance. Overall, our study shows that
is overexpressed in ccRCC and is an important factor affecting disease prognosis. Hence,
may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in ccRCC.
Background. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a convenient indicator of insulin resistance. It has been shown to be associated with macrovascular and microvascular complications in nonhospitalized ...diabetic patients. However, whether TyG index is a risk factor of diabetes vascular complications in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients is unclear. We sought to explore the association between TyG index and the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in a large Chinese cohort of hospitalized patients. Method. A total of 4,721 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University were enrolled between January 2015 and November 2020. TyG index was calculated as lnfasting triglycerides mg/dL×fasting glucose mg/dL/2. Measures of macrovascular complications included brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), whilst urine microalbumin (MAU), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) were evaluated for microvascular complications. Logistic regressions were used to examine the association between TyG index and diabetes complications. Results. In univariate logistic regressions, higher TyG index was significantly (p<0.002) associated with increased odds of MAU (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.22~1.59) and ABI (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.10-1.57) but not CKD, DR, or ba-PWV. After controlling for confounders such as age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), TyG index remained strongly (p<0.002) associated with MAU and ABI. These associations were more pronounced (p<0.001) in patients with poor glycemic control or in the elderly. Conclusion. Hospitalized patients with an elevated TyG index were at a higher risk of lower limb vascular stenosis and nephric microvascular damage. Close monitoring of TyG index in patients with younger age or poor glycemic control could potentially reduce the burden of diabetes complications and prevent readmission.
Magnetically coupled resonant (MCR) wireless power transmission (WPT) has the advantages of high efficiency, large transmission power and so on. It is suitable for medium-distance power supply. ...However, the traditional MCR WPT system based on the single one-way spiral coil (SOSC) will suffer frequency splitting due to the over-coupling between the transmitting and receiving coils during short-distance transmission. After analyzing the effect of coupling coefficient on the transmission efficiency of such systems, this paper proposed a double two-way spiral coil (DTSC) design method. This method used the structural features of the designed spiral coil to counteract the increased coupling coefficient due to short-distance transmission, thereby weakening the over-coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, narrowing the over-coupling region of the system, and compensating the effect of frequency splitting on the transmission efficiency during short-distance WPT. This method narrowed the system’s frequency splitting region and improved the system’s short-distance transmission efficiency. This paper analyzed the effect of the inner and the outer radius, the number of turns, and the pitch of the DTSC on the efficiency of the WPT system. This study showed that compared with the WPT system based on the SOSC, the WPT system based on the DTSC could narrow the frequency splitting region and significantly improve the short-distance transmission efficiency of the system. The correctness of the theoretical analysis has been verified by simulations and experiments.
In this letter, a bidirectional high-gain antenna is proposed for wireless communication in tunnels or coal mines. The antenna consists of six rectangular rings in cascade and works in a ...standing-wave mode. The high-gain bidirectional radiation property is realized by the currents distributed in-phase on the vertical edges. The dimensions of the proposed ring are 300 × 16 × 0.6 mm 3 (2.4λ × 0.128λ × 0.005λ at 2.4 GHz). The measured -10-dB bandwidth is approximately 290 MHz (2.33-2.62 GHz), the measured peak gain is 9.5 dBi, and the 1-dB gain bandwidth is about 110 MHz (2.34-2.45 GHz). The experimental results are presented and discussed, and it is shown that the proposed bidirectional antenna inherits the merits of high directional radiation gain, low profile, easy fabrication, and low wind resistance.
Pedestrian detection has a wide range of application prospects in many fields such as unmanned driving, intelligent monitoring, robot, etc., and has always been a hot issue in the field of computer ...vision. In recent years, with the development of deep learning and the proposal of many large pedestrian data sets, pedestrian detection technology has also made great progress, and the detection accuracy and detection speed have been significantly improved. However, the performance of the most advanced pedestrian detection methods is still far behind that of human beings, especially when there is occlusion and scale change, the detection accuracy decreases significantly. Occlusion and scale problems are the key problems to be solved in pedestrian detection. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the research progress of pedestrian detection. Firstly, this paper explores the research status of pedestrian detection in the past four years (2019–2022), focuses on analyzing the occlusion and scale problems of pedestrian detection and corresponding solutions, summarizes the data sets and evaluation methods of pedestrian detection, and finally looks forward to the development trend of the occlusion and scale problems of pedestrian detection.
The underground mine environment is dangerous and harsh, tracking and detecting humans based on computer vision is of great significance for mine safety monitoring, which will also greatly facilitate ...identification of humans using the symmetrical image features of human organs. However, existing methods have difficulty solving the problems of accurate identification of humans and background, unstable human appearance characteristics, and humans occluded or lost. For these reasons, an improved aberrance repressed correlation filter (IARCF) tracker for human tracking in underground mines based on infrared videos is proposed. Firstly, the preprocess operations of edge sharpening, contrast adjustment, and denoising are used to enhance the image features of original videos. Secondly, the response map characteristics of peak shape and peak to side lobe ratio (PSLR) are analyzed to identify abnormal human locations in each frame, and the method of calculating the image similarity by generating virtual tracking boxes is used to accurately relocate the human. Finally, using the value of PSLR and the highest peak point of the response map, the appearance model is adaptively updated to further improve the robustness of the tracker. Experimental results show that the average precision and success rate of the IARCF tracker in the five underground scenarios reach 0.8985 and 0.7183, respectively, and the improvement of human tracking in difficult scenes is excellent. The IARCF tracker can effectively track underground human targets, especially occluded humans in complex scenes.
Bladder cancer (BCA) is the most common urinary tumor, but its pathogenesis is unclear, and the associated treatment strategy has rarely been updated. In recent years, a deeper understanding of tumor ...epigenetics has been gained, providing new opportunities for cancer detection and treatment.
We identified prognostic methylation sites based on DNA methylation profiles of BCA in the TCGA database and constructed a specific prognostic subgroup.
Based on the consistent clustering of 402 CpGs, we identified seven subgroups that had a significant association with survival. The difference in DNA methylation levels was related to T stage, N stage, M stage, grade, sex, age, stage and prognosis. Finally, the prediction model was constructed using a Cox regression model and verified using the test dataset; the prognosis was consistent with that of the training set.
The classification based on DNA methylation is closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics of BCA and determines the prognostic value of each epigenetic subtype. Therefore, our findings provide a basis for the development of DNA methylation subtype-specific therapeutic strategies for human bladder cancer.
In this letter, a four-leaf clover slot element antenna, which has a planar feeding structure, is proposed for dual-polarization applications. A four-element array based on the proposed antenna is ...designed and measured. The feeding network and radiators of the array are on the same substrate, which results in low-cost and convenient fabrication. The bandwidths of two polarizations are 275 and 465 MHz, respectively. The isolation between the two ports is greater than 30 dB, and the front-to-back ratio is higher than 25 dB.
To explore the effectiveness of radiotherapy in mPCa patients with different PSA stratifications based on the cancer database of a large population.
Screening criteria for patients with metastatic ...prostate cancer, who are candidates for radiotherapy, are rarely reported.
We identified 22,604 patients with metastatic prostate cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and divided them into a radiotherapy group and a control group. Patients with metastatic prostate cancer were divided into subgroups according to their levels of prostate-specific antigen to evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy. They were also divided into six subgroups according to their prostate-specific antigen levels. We used multivariate Cox analysis to evaluate overall survival and cancer-specific survival. After 1:1 propensity score matching, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to explore the difference in overall survival and cancer-specific survival in the radiotherapy and control group.
In all, 5,505 patients received radiotherapy, compared to 17,099 in the control group. In the multivariate Cox analysis, radiotherapy improved overall survival (hazard ratio HR: 0.730, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.636-0.838; P<0.001) and cancer-specific survival (HR: 0.764, 95% CI: 0.647-0.903; P=0.002) in patients with a PSA level of 4-10 ng/mL. Similar results were obtained by Kaplan-Meier analysis after 1:1 propensity score matching. In patients with prostate-specific antigen levels between 4-10 ng/mL, the overall survival (P<0.001) and cancer-specific survival (P<0.05) in the radiotherapy group was significantly better than those in the control group.
The result of this large population-based study shows that rigorous selection of appropriate metastatic prostate cancer patients for radiotherapy can benefit prognosis significantly. This can be the basis for future prospective trials.
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