Nutrigenomic DNA reprogramming in different chronic diseases and cancer has been assessed through the stimulation of gene expression and mRNA synthesis versus DNA silencing by CpG DNA modification ...(methylation); histone modification (acetylation, methylation) and expression of small noncoding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs). With regard to the specific nutrigenomic effects in psoriasis, the influence of specific diets on inflammatory cell signaling transcriptional factors such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and Wnt signaling pathways, on disease-related specific cytokine expression, pro/antioxidant balance, keratinocyte proliferation/apoptosis and on proliferation/differentiation ratio have been documented; however, the influence of dietary compounds on the balance between ‘good and bad’ miRNA expression has not been considered. This review aims to summarize knowledge about aberrant microRNAs expression in psoriasis and to emphasize the potential impact of some dietary compounds on endogenous miRNA synthesis in experimental conditions in vivo and in vitro. Among the aberrantly expressed miRNAs in psoriasis, one of the most prominently upregulated seems to be miR-21. The beneficial effects of phenolic compounds (curcumin and resveratrol), vitamin D, methyl donors, and omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) are discussed. Highly expressed miR-155 has been downregulated by flavonoids (through a quercetin-rich diet) and by vitamin D. Quercetin has been effective in modulating miR-146a. On the other hand, downregulated miR-125b expression was restored by vitamin D, Coenzyme Q10 and by microelement selenium. In conclusion, the miRNA profile, together with other ‘omics’, may constitute a multifaceted approach to explore the impact of diet on psoriasis prevention and treatment.
How the globe celebrated World Vitiligo Day 2019 Valle, Yan; Van Thuong, Nguyen; Tirant, Michael ...
Dermatologic therapy,
November/December 2019, 2019-11-00, 20191101, Letnik:
32, Številka:
6
Journal Article
The concept of immunocompromised districts of skin has been developed by Ruocco and helps to explain certain aspects of the macromorphology of skin diseases. This concept unites the isomorphic ...response of Koebner and the isotopic response of Wolf.
We present different cutaneous conditions which can lead to immunocompromised districts of skin such as scars, radiodermatitis, lymphedema, disturbed innervation or mechanical friction etc. Typical and rarer skin disorders associated with them are discussed and illustrated by their observations.
At this moment, we wish to inform dermatologists and non-dermatologists about Ruocco's concept and its implications.
To evaluate the efficacy of imiquimod 5% in periungual wart treatment.
A group of 40 patients were recruited to apply imiquimod 5 % cream once daily for 5 consecutive days per week in 8 weeks. They ...were classified into 3 levels: Mild (the total lesion area ≤ 25 mm
), moderate (25 mm
<total lesion area ≤ 50 mm
), severe (total lesion area > 50 mm
). The outcome was evaluated at the 4
and the 8
week. The result was graded as excellent (complete clearance), good (≥ 50% clearance) and poor (< 50% clearance).
The total area of the wart lesion got decreased significantly from the beginning to the 4
and the 8
week (36.7 mm
vs 16.8 mm
, p = 0.0001 and 16.8 mm
vs 8.8 mm
, p = 0.01). The complete clearance rate at the 4th week was lower than that at the 8th week significantly (22.5% vs 72.5%, p = 0.04). The clearance rate of patients suffering severe warts was lower significantly than that of mild/moderate patients (82.8% vs 45.5%, p = 0.03). The duration of the disease in people who responded completely to imiquimod was shorter than that of patients partially responded (10.2 ± 14.1 months vs 22.3 ± 14.3 months, p = 0.02). Adverse effects were not common, mild and local only. Recurrence rate after 6 months of follow up was 3.5%.
In conclusion, Imiquimod 5% cream is a safe and effective drug in the treatment of periungual warts.
Skin microbiota is an integral part of the human immune system.
is one of the essential components of the normal flora. Approximately 20–30% of healthy individuals are persistently colonized with
, ...whereas the remainders are considered low-level intermittent carriers. Despite these natural aspects of existence,
can be a major opportunistic human pathogen. This versatile microorganism can infect a variety of anatomical sites, causing a broad spectrum of pathologies ranging from superficial to invasive infections. It developed a variety of strategies to adopt to a changing microenvironment. This attributed to the emergence of resistance to antibiotics of different classes during the past six decades. Methicillin-resistant
(MRSA) was originally confined to health-care settings (health-care-associated MRSA). Later on, community-acquired MRSA was identified as another source of infections. Recent figures indicate that MRSA strains have been associated with approximately 75% of all
infections worldwide. Several guidelines have been published to establish an adequate treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by MRSA strains. In the first part of this review, we focus on current treatment guidelines with a focus on medical drug therapy, but drug therapy has its own limitations. Recently, the interest in herbal remedies has greatly increased. There is growing evidence of antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants and their extracts. The second part of this review is dedicated to herbal compounds to circumvent antibiotic resistance. Herbal compounds may potentiate the action of antibiotics and restore the activities of antibacterial agents against which
has developed a drug resistance. Part 2 focuses on the role of
in pathology of the two major inflammatory skin diseases, i.e., atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Finally, Part 3 provides an overview on natural compounds with antimicrobial activity against
and possible use in the treatment of SSTIs
The use of donkey milk has a long history in external dermal application for cosmetic and medical purposes. The encapsulation of different drugs into nanoliposomes and nutrients may have many ...benefits for the delivery of the targeted substance. The aim of the present study is to test creams with nanoliposomes encapsulated with skimmed donkey milk, reported in our registered patent, compared with effect of the placebo cream and the untreated skin. To investigate the effect of formulated cream, we have measured the electrical capacitance, transepidermal water loss and the skin pH value. The study included 15 healthy volunteers (11 women and 4 men). The patented creams exhibited satisfactory moisturizing properties very soon after application, while hydration was reached earlier in the spots treated with night cream. Transepidermal water loss slightly decreased only after 4 weeks of treatment in each of the spots assessed. The pH value was similar after each of the treatments. Tested creams may enhance the moisture of skin very soon after application, in this way potentially enable deeper permeation of phospholipids and essential proteins, without changing the pH. It may also contribute to additional anti‐aging effects.
Chronic urticaria, a mast cell-driven condition, is common, debilitating and hard to treat. H1-antihistamines are the first line treatment of chronic urticaria, but often patients do not get ...satisfactory relief with the recommended dose. European guidelines recommend increased antihistamine doses up to four-fold.
We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of increased H1-antihistamine doses up to two-fold in Vietnamese chronic urticaria patients.
One hundred and two patients with chronic urticaria were recruited for treatment with levocetirizine (n = 52) or fexofenadine (n = 50). Treatment started at the conventional daily dose of 5 mg levocetirizine or 180 mg fexofenadine for 2 weeks and then increased to 10 mg levocetirizine or 360 mg fexofenadine for 2 weeks if patients did not have an improvement in symptoms. At week 0, week 2 and week 4 wheal, pruritus, size of the wheal, total symptom scores, and associated side-effects were assessed.
With the conventional dose, the total symptom scores after week 2 decreased significantly in both groups compared to baseline figures, i.e. 7.4 vs 2.3 for levocetirizine group and 8.0 vs 2.6 for fexofenadine group (p < 0.05). However, there were still 26 patients in each group who did not have improvements. Of these 26 patients, after having a two-fold increase of the conventional dose, 11.5% and 38.5% became symptom-free at week 4 in levocetirizine group and fexofenadine group, respectively. At week 4 in both groups, the total symptom scores had significantly decreased when compared with those at week 2 (2.8 ± 1.5 versus 4.7 ± 1.6 in levocetirizine group; 2.1 ± 1.9 versus 5.1 ± 1.4 in fexofenadine group). In both groups, there was no difference in the rate of negative side effects between the conventional dose and the double dose.
This study showed that increasing the dosages of levocetirizine and fexofenadine by two-fold improved chronic urticaria symptoms without increasing the rate of negative side effects.
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting up to 6% of the World population. Skin care is the basic approach to restore epidermal barrier function, provide symptomatic relief, and ...ensure remission‐free periods. We performed an open trial using herbal complex Soratinex® (also known as Dr Michaels®) in adult patients with mild‐to‐moderate chronic plaque psoriasis without further improvement to previous treatments in the last 6 weeks. The products Cleansing Gel, Scalp & Body Ointment, and Skin Conditioner were applied twice daily for 8 weeks. All patients achieved a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 50 response, 94.4% achieved a PASI 75, 66.7% achieved PASI 90, and 22.2% achieved a PASI 100. In week 8, 94.4% of patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the treatment that was well tolerated. We performed a literature review on published trials in children and adults suffering from psoriasis. Herbal complex Soratinex® achieved a PASI 50 or more in about 50–90% of patients. It ensures prolonged relapse‐free periods and improves the quality of life. Adverse events are mild and seen in a minority of patients only. In conclusion, herbal complex allows safe and effective self‐treatment of patients with psoriasis and improves patient's autonomy.
Melasma is an acquired circumscribed hyperpigmented disorder seen mainly on the malar area of face and other parts of body. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of two different creams for melasma. ...Sixty volunteers with melasma were evaluated in this study, divided in three groups: A, B, and C. Patients in groups A and B were treated with same creams with the exception of addition of Tranexamic acid in cream B. Patients in group C were treated with placebo cream containing petrolatum only, respectively, twice daily for 10 weeks. Melasma Areas and Severity Index (MASI) score, melanin index (MI) and adverse events were evaluated every 4 weeks. MASI scores declined significantly in groups A and B compared to group C (P < .05). Cream B, containing tranexamic acid, resulted superior to cream A in subjects with hypervascular melasma. No adverse reactions were observed in all groups. Both active creams are safe and effective for melasma and should be selected according to normal or hypervascular type of melasma. Cream B (containing tranexamic acid) should be prescribed instead of cream A (not containing tranexamic acid) to subjects with hypervascular melasma.
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