Review of Particle Physics Workman, R L; Klempt, E; Agashe, K ...
Progress of theoretical and experimental physics,
08/2022, Letnik:
2022, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured ...properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances.
The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings.
The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.
Abstract
We present the first results from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) on the rotational and pulsational variability of magnetic chemically peculiar A-type stars. We analyse TESS ...2-min cadence data from sectors 1 and 2 on a sample of 83 stars. Five new rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars are announced. One of these pulsates with periods around 4.7 min, making it the shortest period roAp star known to date. Four out of the five new roAp stars are multiperiodic. Three of these and the singly periodic one show the presence of rotational mode splitting. Individual frequencies are provided in all cases. In addition, seven previously known roAp stars are analysed. Additional modes of oscillation are found in some stars, while in others we are able to distinguish the true pulsations from possible aliases present in the ground-based data. We find that the pulsation amplitude in the TESS filter is typically a factor of 6 smaller than that in the B filter, which is usually used for ground-based observations. For four roAp stars we set constraints on the inclination angle and magnetic obliquity, through the application of the oblique pulsator model. We also confirm the absence of roAp-type pulsations down to amplitude limits of 6 and 13 $\mu$mag, respectively, in two of the best characterized non-oscillating Ap (noAp) stars. We announce 27 new rotational variables along with their rotation periods, and provide different rotation periods for seven other stars. Finally, we discuss how these results challenge state-of-the-art pulsation models for roAp stars.
Review of Particle Physics Barnett, R M; Beringer, J; Dahl, O ...
Progress of theoretical and experimental physics,
2020, Letnik:
2020, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured ...properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons.
The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings.
The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.
On the basis of working out the current legislation of Ukraine and a number of scientific views of scholars the author of the article defined and characterized certain directions of improvement of ...administrative legislation regulating interaction of the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine with other law enforcement agencies.
It is argued that the legislation is the basis of anti-corruption activities of the state and the key to its effective implementation, however, the legal framework in this field suffers from a significant load of declaratory norms that set principles and tendencies, but do not provide information on how the data principles and tendencies must be implemented.
It is found out that administrative legislation regulating the interaction of the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine with other law enforcement agencies is the system of normative and legal acts of administrative branch regulating the procedure, sequence, format and other administrative features of the interaction of NABU with law enforcement agencies.
It is established that NABU's interaction with law enforcement agencies is a large, complex direction of our state's anti-corruption component, which requires defining the goals, principles, directions and levels of interaction at the legislative level. Thus, interaction, as a form of work, needs to be broadly defined at the level of legislation not within the limits of several norms, but to give this topic a separate section of the Law of Ukraine “On the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine”. This will create a legislative guarantee for NABU's interaction with law enforcement agencies, consolidate it as an integral and necessary aspect of anti-corruption activities.
It is emphasized that the by-law regulatory framework for the implementation of the relevant interaction is currently rather small in volume, so that the potential of cooperation between NABU and other law enforcement agencies cannot be disclosed, since it actually has no basis for its implementation. In this regard, it is most appropriate to consolidate the mechanisms of the Bureau's interaction with the state law enforcement agencies by extending the range of joint orders.
We examine extreme natural processes and hazardous phenomena observed in the Far East: earthquakes, tsunamis, avalanches, mudflows, cryogenic processes, extreme low temperatures, floods, ...thunderstorms, fires, snow storms, fogs, water erosion, karst, glaciers, etc. Various territorial combinations of these processes and phenomena have been identified. The spatial coverage of the research is a macroregion that is considered an aquaterritorial region of Pacific Russia, including the territory and adjacent water areas within a 200‑mile maritime exclusive zone. This aquaterritorial macroregion is characterized by active regional environmental management, including the utilization of natural resources of the coastal land and resources of marine waters. However, many extreme natural processes and hazardous phenomena occurring within marine areas have a negative impact on coastal land. An assessment is made of the territorial and aquaterritorial combinations of the extreme natural processes and hazardous phenomena in Pacific Russia. We constructed maps of several versions of zoning according to the difference of combinations of extreme natural processes and hazardous phenomena, including all 25 types of them. We identified ten types of territories of Pacific Russia with various combinations of these phenomena and processes, and their generalized characteristics are provided
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Experiments on shock-wave loading and spall fracture of tungsten alloys with nickel and iron have been carried out. The alloys have been shown to fracture along the iron–nickel bonding and not to ...involve tungsten particles. One-dimensional defects, supposedly of twin origin, have been detected in the tungsten alloy (95 wt % W) during shock wave compression. The greatest number of these defects have been observed close to the surface of the impact.
Application of antiscalants is a worldwide practice for industrial scale formation mitigation. The range of reagents is constantly expanding, and new scale inhibitors are permanently elaborated, ...including biodegradable ones. An antiscalant-driven scale inhibition theory has formed in the mid-twentieth century, and is up to date with some minor refinements. However, in recent years, the classical views have been increasingly criticized on the grounds of such modern methods as dynamic light scattering, particle counter technique and fluorescent visualization of antiscalant location in industrial and model system’s deposits. These methods provide a better understanding of scale inhibition mechanisms. In a present review the major mechanisms of scale inhibition are critically examined, and a hypothesis on the dominating role of solid impurities interaction with antiscalant is formulated. According to this hypothesis, the scale crystals nucleation in the bulk aqueous medium is a heterogeneous process, catalyzed by foreign solid nano/microdust particles, serving as crystallization templates (seeds). Thus, an antiscalant competes for these templates with the scale forming ions, blocks the background seeds, and reduces therefore the number of potential crystallization centers. In this way, the scale inhibitor slows down the scale formation due to the foreign seeds isolation, but not via direct interaction with the nuclei of a sparingly soluble salt.
Culturing of bone marrow cells in serum-free RPMI-1640 medium led to a decrease in the rate of DNA biosynthesis. Addition of HDL or their main protein component apolipoprotein A-I to the culture ...medium dose-dependently increased the rate of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. The maximum stimulation was achieved at HDL concentration of 80 μg/ml and apolipoprotein A-I concentration of 20 μg/ml. To identify the target-cells of apolipoprotein A-I, we used thymidine analogue 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) that incorporates into cell DNA at the stage of replicative DNA synthesis (S phase) and can be detected by fluorescence microscopy. In bone marrow cell culture, apolipoprotein A-I stimulates the proliferation of monocyte (monoblasts, promonocytes) and granulocyte (myeloblasts, promyelocytes) progenitor cells, as well as bone marrow stromal cells.
Binary stars provide a valuable test of stellar structure and evolution, because the masses of the individual stellar components can be derived with high accuracy and in a model-independent way. In ...this work, we study Spica, an eccentric double-lined spectroscopic binary system with a β Cep type variable primary component. We use state-of-the-art modelling tools to determine accurate orbital elements of the binary system and atmospheric parameters of both stellar components. We interpret the short-period variability intrinsic to the primary component, detected on top of the orbital motion both in the photometric and spectroscopic data. The non-local thermodynamic equilibrium based spectrum analysis reveals two stars of similar atmospheric chemical composition consistent with the present-day cosmic abundance standard. The masses and radii of the stars are found to be 11.43 ± 1.15 M⊙ and 7.21 ± 0.75 M⊙, and 7.47 ± 0.54 R⊙ and 3.74 ± 0.53 R⊙ for the primary and secondary, respectively. We find the primary component to pulsate in three independent modes, of which one is identified as a radial mode, while the two others are found to be non-radial, low degree l modes. The frequency of one of these modes is an exact multiple of the orbital frequency, and the l = m = 2 mode identification suggests a tidal nature for this particular mode. We find a very good agreement between the derived dynamical and evolutionary masses for the Spica system to within the observational errors of the measured masses. The age of the system is estimated to be 12.5 ± 1 Myr.
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