Članek predstavlja štiri nove arheološke lokacije v Kopru: Ribiški trg, Škofijsko palačo, Vrtno ulico 2 in Vrtno ulico 8, ki so bile raziskane med leti 2005 in 2019. Osredotoča se na poznoantične ...strukture in najdbe. Novi podatki dopolnjujejo poznavanje poznoantične mejo poseljenosti na Koprskem otoku in diferencirajo poselitveni in grobiščni areal na osrednjem delu otoka, kar omogoča dodatni vpogled v poznoantično strukturo mesta in potencialno urbanistično rekonstrukcijo. Drobne najdbe materialne kulture in živalskih kosti na lokacijah opisujejo poznoantični način življenja in gospodarstva v odvisnosti od socialnega statusa prebivalstva.
V prispevku so objavljeni rezultati bioarheoloških (tj. antropoloških, arheozooloških in arheobotaničnih) raziskav grobišča Marof na Igu, kjer je bilo odkritih 28 grobov iz časa od druge ...polovice 1. st. do konca 3. oziroma začetka 4. st. Izsledki ponujajo vpogled v nekatere populacijske parametre in v pogrebne običaje antičnih Ižancev. Antropološka analiza je postregla z ugotovitvami o starostni in spolni strukturi pokojnikov, pa tudi o načinu sežiganja trupel. Analiza živalskih ostankov je pokazala domnevne primere obredno žrtvovanih in/ali pridanih (delov) živali, tako v smislu grobne popotnice/grobnega pridatka kot morda tudi stavbne daritve. Rezultati arheobotanične študije nedvoumnih sledi obrednih praks niso pokazali (razen morda prisotnosti ostankov fig), so pa ponudili vpogled v nabor tedanjih gojenih rastlin in v naravno rastje v okolici najdišča.
Cerklje ob krki je najdišče z najstarejšimi ostanki zgodnjeslovanske poselitve na Dolenjskem. Analize lončenine in radiokarbonskih datacij so nakazale dve fazi poselitve, prvo v 6. st. in v prvi ...polovici 7., drugo med sredino 10. in sredino 12. st. Tri pridobljene radiokarbonske datacije nakazujejo naselitev Slovanov v dolino krke v času med letoma 585 in 660, verjetno povezano z odselitvijo langobardov v Italijo leta 568 in prihodom Avarov v Panonsko nižino. najdbe kosti visokoraslega goveda italskega porekla morda kažejo na roparske pohode na ozemlje pod upravo Bizanca, ki jih omenjajo pisni viri. četrta radiokarbonska datacija in lončenina praškega tipa z arhaičnimi ustji pa dopuščata možnost, da so manjše skupine Slovanov tu bivale pred sredino 6. st., kar povezujemo z možnim angažmajem Slovanov pri varovanju meje vzhodnorimskega cesarstva ali pri pohodih bizantinske vojske z območij južne Donave proti Italiji, v katerih so služili kot najemniški vojaki. Mlajšo fazo poselitve v Cerkljah povezujemo z agrarnim zaledjem gospostva Starega gradu v Podbočju.
Multi-proxy analysis of the coprolites which were found during excavations at two Late Neolithic (fourth millennium
bc
) pile-dwelling sites (Črnelnik and Stare gmajne) in Slovenia yielded some new ...insights into human–dog relations and behaviour. The digested content is presented in a multidisciplinary approach, in which palynological, palaeoparasitological, archaeobotanical and archaeozoological features are studied and genetic signs are tested. Beside the origin of the coprolites, the size of an animal and the diet, the faeces provided some additional information, such as health, status, nutrition habits, environment and season.
In south-eastern Alpine region, archaeozoological research of Early Medieval contexts has for a long time been all but neglected. In recent years, however, a few sites have been systematically ...investigated providing the opportunity to get deeper insights into some of the most characteristic aspects of the role of various animals in the economy of human communities of the time. Animal husbandry provided most of the consumed meat with caprines, pigs and poultry often significantly outnumbering cattle. Considering also the diminishing body-size and the relatively high average age-at-death values of these animals, the settlements are believed to have been economically autarkic units, existing on subsistence economy. The fairly homogeneous pattern of intra-site spatial distribution of animal finds is indicative of limited social stratification and functional differentiation of the population. The interaction of the first Slavic newcomers of the 6th century AD with indigenous inhabitants in at least some parts of the studied area apparently resulted in a partial modification of animal husbandry strategy of the former, believed to have been traditionally based on pig rearing. The insights into the role of animals in the local mythology of that time are poor. The most prominent find is a canid skeleton from one of the burial sites, where it supposedly represented one of the points of spatial connotations of the area. Où en sommes-nous ? Archéozoologie médiévale précoce en Slovénie: un aperçu. Dans le sud-est de la région alpine, la recherche archéozoologique des contextes du Moyen Âge précoce a longtemps été négligée. Ces dernières années cependant, quelques sites ont été systématiquement étudiés, ce qui a permis de mieux comprendre certains des aspects les plus caractéristiques du rôle des différents animaux dans l'économie des communautés humaines de l'époque. L'élevage fournissait alors la majeure partie de la viande consommée, les caprins, les porcs et les volailles étant souvent beaucoup plus nombreux que les bovins. Compte tenu également de la diminution de la taille des animaux et de l'âge moyen relativement élevé à leur mort, on pense que les établissements étaient des unités économiquement autonomes, vivant d'une économie de subsistance. Le modèle assez homogène de la distribution spatiale intra-site des découvertes d'animaux indique une stratification sociale et une différenciation fonctionnelle limitées de la population. L'interaction des premiers arrivants slaves du vie siècle après J.-C. avec les habitants indigènes, dans au moins certaines parties de la zone étudiée, a apparemment entraîné une modification partielle de la stratégie d'élevage des premiers, que l'on pense avoir été traditionnellement basée sur l'élevage de porcs. Les informations sur le rôle des animaux dans la mythologie locale sont pauvres. La découverte la plus marquante est un squelette de canidé provenant de l'un des sites funéraires, où il a pu représenter l'un des points de connotation spatiale de la région.
Predstavljamo rezultate interdisciplinarnih raziskav na novoodkritem kolišču Verd na zahodnem robu Ljubljanskega barja. Za oceno starosti najdišča so bili ključni rezultati dendrokronoloških raziskav ...in radiokarbonskega datiranja lesa, podprtega z metodo wiggle-matching, ki posek lesa dveh pilotov z Verda postavljajo v obdobje 4674 ± 42 cal BC, kar je nekoliko starejše ali sočasno doslej najstarejšemu odkritemu kolišču Resnikov prekop pri Igu. Keramične najdbe so tipološko podobne tistim z Resnikovega prekopa. Arheozoološke raziskave ugotavljajo zastopanost izključno lovnih in odsotnost domačih živali. Arheobotanične raziskave kažejo, da je bilo naselje Verd umeščeno v dokaj naravno in vodnato okolje brez večjih vplivov človeka. Vse raziskave nakazujejo, da najdišče Verd z ostanki neolitskega kolišča iz 5. tisočletja pr. Kr., ne glede na majhnost izkopnega polja in razmeroma skromno število najdb, najverjetneje predstavlja eno najstarejših znanih koliščarskih poselitvenih točk na Ljubljanskem barju.
V članku obravnavamo vlogo domačega goveda (Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758) v ekonomiji romaniziranega prebivalstva jugovzhodnoalpskega prostora. Študija je zajela 8.579 ostankov te vrste iz časa od ...sredine 1. stoletja pr. n. št. do 6. stoletja n. št., ki izvirajo iz 22 različnih vzorcev z najmanj 100 taksonomsko opredeljenimi najdbami. Rezultati so potrdili izjemen pomen govedoreje, ki je temeljila na uvoženi napredni rimski pasmi in je bila primarno usmerjena v izkoriščanje sekundarnih proizvodov reje. Z nastopom politično in varnostno nestabilne pozne antike se je število goved močno zmanjšalo, v ospredje pa so zopet prišle sicer nizkorasle, a vzrejno manj zahtevne tradicionalne lokalne forme.
Species of the genus Bison, along with many other vertebrate taxa, represented an important part of Pleistocene megafauna. Following the Quaternary extinction event, however, only the American bison ...(Bison bison) and the European bison or wisent (Bison bonasus) survived to present times. The phylogeny of Bison species from the Late Pliocene to the end of the Middle Pleistocene is still uncertain. In comparison, the availability of genetic data has greatly improved our knowledge of Late Pleistocene and Holocene bison. In recent years, the phylogenetic approach has provided new details and insights into the evolution and phylogeny of the genus, such as i) Bison bison evolved from central North American bison populations and, contrary to earlier assumptions, was not the result of mixing with Beringian bison; ii) in Europe, the Late Pleistocene ancestors of Bison bonasus occupied the same areas as coeval Bison priscus; iii) admixture events between the genera Bos and Bison led to the introgression of Bos mitochondrial DNA into extant Bison bonasus, but the exact evolution of the latter remains unknown.
In recent decades, several Roman Period sites, from villas to urban centres, have been studied archaeozoologically in present-day Slovenia, providing a solid understanding of the characteristics of ...animal husbandry in the first three centuries AD. Much less is known about the production, supply, and use of animal resources in Late Antiquity, mainly due to the meagre amount of (published) data. Of late, however, the study of a handful of contexts from the 4
th
to 7
th
centuries AD has provided an opportunity to gain deeper insights into the cultural changes and transformations in animal husbandry triggered by the unstable political and security conditions of the period. Among the topics addressed are how the intensity of production, the taxonomic richness of livestock, local and transregional supply systems, and the social stratification of the population changed in the turmoil of the collapsing empire. The archaeozoological results were complemented by relevant data reported by ancient authors to contextualise them better. It is suggested that late antique communities in the study area tended to be economically self-sufficient. Animal husbandry seems to have been based on relatively small specimens of primitive local forms, with the keeping of pigs and sheep gradually replacing cattle husbandry in scale.
At least 132 specimens belonging to no less than 21 species of small terrestrial mammals from the Boreal were identified within the finds from the Early Holocene sediments from Mala Triglavca (the ...Kras Plateau, SW Slovenia), namely Crocidura suaveolens, Sorex alpinus / araneus, S. minutus, Talpa cf. europaea, Barbastella barbastellus, Sciurus vulgaris, Cricetulus migratorius, Arvicola terrestris, Microtus agrestis / arvalis, M. subterraneus / liectensteini, Chionomys nivalis, Myodes glareolus, Dinaromys bogdanovi, Glis glis, Muscardinus avellanarius and Apodemus flavicollis / sylvaticus / agrarius / uralensis. This small mammal assemblage indicates that their habitat was presumably a mosaic of a mixed, predominantly deciduous forest, dotted with small meadows and some rocky substrate. A comparison of allochronous microfaunas from the Kras Plateau indicated a rapid faunistic change in the last 5,000 years.
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