Abstract
Accurate knowledge of greater palatine foramen (
GPF
) anatomy is necessary when performing a variety of anaesthesiological, dental or surgical procedures. The first aim of this study was to ...localize the
GPF
in relation to multiple anatomical landmarks. The second aim was to perform a systematic review of literature, and to conduct a meta‐analysis on the subject of
GPF
position to aid clinicians in their practice. One‐hundred and fifty dry, adult, human skulls and 1200 archived head computed tomography scans were assessed and measured in terms of
GPF
relation to other anatomical reference points. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases, and a meta‐analysis on the subject of
GPF
relation to the maxillary molars was conducted. On average, in the Polish population, the
GPF
was positioned 15.9 ± 1.5 mm from the midline maxillary suture (
MMS
), 3.0 ± 1.2 mm from the alveolar ridge (
AR
) and 17.0 ± 1.5 mm from the posterior nasal spine (
PNS
); 74.7% of
GPF
were positioned opposite the third maxillary molar (M3). Twenty‐seven studies were included in the systematic review and 23 in the meta‐analysis (
n
= 6927
GPF
). The pooled prevalence of the
GPF
being positioned opposite the M3 was 63.9% (95% confidence interval = 56.6–70.9%). Concluding, the
GPF
is most often located opposite the M3 in the majority of the world's populations. The maxillary molars are the best landmarks for locating the
GPF
. In edentulous patients the most useful points for approximating the position of the
GPF
are the
AR
,
MMS
and
PNS
. This study introduces an easy and repeatable classification to reference the GPF to the maxillary molars.
bintroduction and objective/b. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaires have become the standard measure for treatment effectiveness after spinal surgery. One of the most widely used generic ...PROs is the SF-36 Health Survey. The aim of this study was to specifically focus on validating the SF-36 Health Survey to confirm that the tool is an acceptable and psychometrically robust measure to collect HRQoL data in Polish patients with spinal stenosis. bmaterials and methods/b. Patients were eligible if they were above 18 years of age and had been qualified for spine surgery of the lumbar region due to either discopathy or non-traumatic spinal stenosis. All patients filled-in the Polish version of the SF-36 and a demographic questionnaire. Standard validity and reliability analyses were performed. bresults./b 192 patients (83 women – 43.2%) agreed to take part in the study (mean age: 57.5±11.4 years). In 47 patients (24.5%), using MRI, ossification of the ligamenta flava were found. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients showed positive internal consistency (0.70–0.92). Interclass correlations for the SF-36 ranged from 0.72 – 0.86 and proved appropriate test-retest reliability. Satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity in multi-trait scaling analyses was seen. bconclusions./b The Polish version of the SF-36 is a reliable and valid tool for measuring HRQoL in patients with spinal stenosis. It can be recommended for use in clinical and epidemiological settings in the Polish population. However, caution is warranted when interpreting the results of the ‘role limitations due to physical health problems’ and the ‘role limitations due to emotional problems’ scales because of floor and ceiling effects.
This report presents the craniofacial morphology of a skull afflicted with hydrocephalus, belonging to an adult male who lived in the 19th century in Vienna. The volume of the skull (2022 cm3) ...exceeds normal capacity of a male skull which is estimated to be 1500 cm3. Diameters of the neurocranium and head circumference of the specimen differ significantly from normative values, while the facial diameters remain in normal range of variation. Characteristic features of the investigated skull are numerous accessory bones and sutures of the neurocranium. Overall the morphology of the cranial bones suggests that the male suffered from congenital hydrocephalus.
Cavernous hemangiomas are among the least common benign chest wall masses. The aim of this study is to present a case of a 40-year-old women, with a giant cavernous haemangioma arising in the left ...axillary area.
A 40-year-old female, was referred to a pulmonologist, after her chest radiograph showed, in the upper field of the left lung, a peripherally located shading (13 cm long and 3.5 cm deep) connecting with the pleura. The skin above the change was not discoloured. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a cavernous haemangioma (17 cm long and 13 cm wide) located mostly in the left axillary area. The main vascular supply of the haemangioma came from a direct branch of the left axillary artery, the left intervertebral arteries (levels Ill-VII) and a branch of the left internal thoracic artery.
This report illustrates a rare case of a giant cavernous haemangioma and the treatment challenges it poses.
The aims of the present work are to introduce to the field of communication between the cancer patient and the professionals, to remark the positive influence communication may have on the patient, ...and to present the EORTC communication questionnaire. Communication between patient and professional is a key element in the support that is offered to cancer patients. It is important to consider different professionals communicate with cancer patients. There is a need of research in communication between patients and professionals. Two main models of patient care are presented: Paternalistic and Patient-Centered Cancer Care. Patient-Centered Care includes Patient- Centered Communication - PCC. The relation between communication and other PROs - Quality of Life, Information and Satisfaction with Care - is presented. There are cross-cultural differences in communication that could be related to the model of patient care. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Group is developing a questionnaire to assess communication between cancer patient and the professionals. This Communication questionnaire mainly assesses professionals’ behaviors. Cultural aspects have a key role in the development of the EORTC questionnaire. This instrument is based on the Patient- Centered Communication – PCC model. The EORTC QLQ-COMU26 is presented. It includes six scales and four individual items. The three phases of the questionnaire development process are described. At the present moment the EORTC QLQ-COMU26 is being field-tested in a larger international study (phase IV), to ensure it is an appropriate and psychometrically valid instrument.
The quality of information that oncological patients receive from health care professionals is an underestimated issue in Poland and Eastern European countries. There is lack of sufficient data on ...this subject. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) supplies a new tool for measuring the quality of information provided to cancer patients. The purpose of the study is the translation into Polish, pilot testing and preliminary validation of the EORTC information module (INFO25). Following the EORTC translation procedures, forward and back translations of the questionnaire were performed (English → Polish, Polish → English). The intermediate version of the INFO25 was pilot-tested together with the general questionnaire of quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30). Reliability, validity and known-group comparison tests were performed. A total of 21 patients with different cancer diagnoses were recruited into the study (7 women and 14 men; mean age of 60,2 years, age range 25–73 years). Apart from filling out the INFO25, patients were interviewed about the difficulties with answering every questionnaire item. Patients' comments were analyzed and minor language changes were made to the initial translation. The internal consistency of the INFO25 showed a reliability of 0,78. The final version of the Polish translation of the INFO25 module was obtained and approved by the EORTC Quality of Life Department. It can now be used in clinical setting and for scientific purposes.
The aims of the present work are to introduce to the field of communication between the cancer patient and the professionals, to remark the positive influence communication may have on the patient, ...and to present the EORTC communication questionnaire. Communication between patient and professional is a key element in the support that is offered to cancer patients. It is important to consider different professionals communicate with cancer patients. There is a need of research in communication between patients and professionals. Two main models of patient care are presented Paternalistic and Patient-Centered Cancer Care. Patient-Centered Care includes Patient- Centered Communication - PCC. The relation between communication and other PROs - Quality of Life, Information and Satisfaction with Care - is presented. There are cross-cultural differences in communication that could be related to the model of patient care. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Group is developing a questionnaire to assess communication between cancer patient and the professionals. This Communication questionnaire mainly assesses professionals’ behaviors. Cultural aspects have a key role in the development of the EORTC questionnaire. This instrument is based on the Patient- Centered Communication - PCC model. The EORTC QLQ-COMU26 is presented. It includes six scales and four individual items. The three phases of the questionnaire development process are described. At the present moment the EORTC QLQ-COMU26 is being field-tested in a larger international study (phase IV), to ensure it is an appropriate and psychometrically valid instrument.
Our study aimed to compare the impact of zoledronic acid and whole-body vibration (WBV) as a non-pharmacological method of treatment for early obesity/immobility-related osteoporosis in male rat ...models. In total, 36 male Wistar rats were assigned to the following groups: obese control with immobility (Control,
= 12) and two experimental groups (
= 12 each), including obese and immobile rats subjected to whole-body vibration with an acceleration level of 3 m/s
g (obesity and immobility + WBV) and obese and immobile rats that received an intramuscular injection of zoledronic acid at a dose of 0.025 mg/kg (obesity and immobility + ZOL). After the 8th and 16th week of treatment,
= 6 rats from each group were euthanized and isolated femora were subjected to a histological examination of bone, and analysis of the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) involved in bone turnover and the amount of thin collagen fibers (PSR stain). The obtained results showed that short-term vibrotherapy (up to 8 weeks) can lead to improvement in bone remodeling in rat models with obesity and limited mobility.
The paper presents the results of tests concerning the effect of the extrusion process in the complex strain state on the microstructure and properties of one of magnesium alloy with aluminium, zinc ...and manganese, designated AZ61. Due to its specific gravity, it is increasingly being used in the automotive and aerospace industries to reduce the weight of structural elements. As a result of plastic deformation processes, rods with a diameter of 8, 6 and 4 mm were obtained from AZ61 magnesium alloy. The microstructure analysis was performed using light and electron microscopy (STEM) techniques in the initial state and after plastic deformation. Microstructure studies were supplemented with a quantitative analysis using the Metilo program. A number of stereological parameters were determined: average diameter of grain, shape factor. A static tensile test was carried out at 250ºC and 300ºC, at deformation rates of 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 m·s–1. Better plastic properties after deformation using KoBo method were obtained than with conventional extrusion.
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