Malignant epithelioid glioneuronal tumor is a rare high-grade, aggressive brain tumor that shows both glial and neuronal differentiation on histopathology but is not included in the current World ...Health Organization classification. The neuroimaging appearance is variable but may be secondary to the size of the mass and/or location of the tumor. In our series, all epithelioid glioneuronal tumors were encountered in the supratentorial space and included pineal, temporal, and extratemporal lobar cerebral hemisphere locations. When large, the tumors demonstrate cystic degeneration and necrosis, hemorrhage, contrast enhancement, and regions of low apparent diffusion coefficient scalars consistent with patterns seen with other high-grade pediatric brain tumors. The tumors also have a propensity to spread into the meninges at presentation and for distant CSF spread on follow-up imaging.
The NOMAD experiment at the CERN SPS Authier, M.; Autiero, D.; Baldo-Ceolin, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
02/1998, Letnik:
404, Številka:
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Journal Article
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The NOMAD experiment is a short base-line search for
ν
μ
−
ν
τ
oscillations in the CERN neutrino beam. The
ν
τ
's are searched for through their charged current interactions followed by the ...observation of the resulting
τ
− through its electronic, muonic or hadronic decays. These decays are recognized using kinematical criteria necessitating the use of a light target which enables the reconstruction of individual particles produced in the neutrino interactions. This paper describes the various components of the NOMAD detector: the target and muon drift chambers, the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters, the preshower and transition radiation detectors and the veto and trigger scintillation counters. The beam and data acquisition system are also described. The quality of the reconstruction and individual particles is demonstrated through the ability of NOMAD to observe K
s
0's,
Λ
0's and
π
0's. Finally, the observation of
τ
− through its electronic decay being one of the most promising channels in the search, the identification of electrons in NOMAD is discussed.
The data sample of Λ_{b}^{0}→J/ψpK^{-} decays acquired with the LHCb detector from 7 and 8 TeV pp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb^{-1}, is inspected for the presence of ...J/ψp or J/ψK^{-} contributions with minimal assumptions about K^{-}p contributions. It is demonstrated at more than nine standard deviations that Λ_{b}^{0}→J/ψpK^{-} decays cannot be described with K^{-}p contributions alone, and that J/ψp contributions play a dominant role in this incompatibility. These model-independent results support the previously obtained model-dependent evidence for P_{c}^{+}→J/ψp charmonium-pentaquark states in the same data sample.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms stable biofilms, providing a major barrier for multiple classes of antibiotics and severely impairing treatment of infected patients. The biofilm matrix of this ...Gram-negative bacterium is primarily composed of three major exopolysaccharides: alginate, Psl, and Pel. Here, we studied the antibiofilm properties of sponge-derived natural products ianthelliformisamines A–C and their combinations with clinically used antibiotics. Wild-type P. aeruginosa strain and its isogenic exopolysaccharide-deficient mutants were employed to determine the interference of the compounds with biofilm matrix components. We identified that ianthelliformisamines A and B worked synergistically with ciprofloxacin to kill planktonic and biofilm cells. Ianthelliformisamines A and B reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin to 1/3 and 1/4 MICs, respectively. In contrast, ianthelliformisamine C (MIC = 53.1 µg/mL) alone exhibited bactericidal effects dose-dependently on both free-living and biofilm populations of wild-type PAO1, PAO1ΔpslA (Psl deficient), PDO300 (alginate overproducing and mimicking clinical isolates), and PDO300Δalg8 (alginate deficient). Interestingly, the biofilm of the clinically relevant mucoid variant PDO300 was more susceptible to ianthelliformisamine C than strains with impaired polysaccharide synthesis. Ianthelliformisamines exhibited low cytotoxicity towards HEK293 cells in the resazurin viability assay. Mechanism of action studies showed that ianthelliformisamine C inhibited the efflux pump of P. aeruginosa. Metabolic stability analyses indicated that ianthelliformisamine C is stable and ianthelliformisamines A and B are rapidly degraded. Overall, these findings suggest that the ianthelliformisamine chemotype could be a promising candidate for the treatment of P. aeruginosa biofilms.
The radiative decay Λb0→Λγ is observed for the first time using a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment at a ...center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Its branching fraction is measured exploiting the B0→K*0γ decay as a normalization mode and is found to be B(Λb0→Λγ)=(7.1±1.5±0.6±0.7)×10−6, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and systematic from external inputs, respectively. This is the first observation of a radiative decay of a beauty baryon.
Using a mesocosm experiment, we investigated the individual and interaction effects of two earthworm species with contrasting behaviour on soil structure and water transfers. The anecic species ...Amynthas zenkevichi (Thai, 1982) and the polyhumic endogeic species Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857) were incubated in repacked soil columns alone or together for three months under laboratory conditions. The volume of belowground casts, empty burrows and lateral soil compaction were assessed using X-ray computed tomography. The production of surface casts and the amount of food ingested were also recorded. The soil moisture at 7 cm depth and water evaporation of the whole column were monitored regularly. Soil water infiltration was assessed using the Beerkan method at the end of the experiment. A. zenkevichi burrows were less numerous (25 vs. 85), more continuous (41 vs. 0 cm3), more connected from the surface to the bottom of the columns (17 vs. 0 cm3) and more compacted laterally (243 vs. 92 cm3) than those of P. corethrurus. Conversely, P. corethrurus burrows were more abundant in the top 5 cm of the columns and more backfilled by casts than those of A. zenkevichi (36 vs. 5 %). Both species ingested buffalo dung provided at the soil surface and produced surface casts at similar rates. Interactions resulted in an increase in surface activity of more than 40 % and a decrease in the depth and continuity of burrow systems. The water infiltration rate was increased by 3.5 times (compared to the control soil without earthworms) by A. zenkevichi burrows and was not modified by interactions. P. corethrurus increased the cumulative water evaporation by 10 % and decreased soil moisture by 3 % (compared to the control soil without earthworms), whereas A. zenkevichi had marginal effects on these parameters. Globally, interactions led to a slight positive synergistic effect on soil resistance to water loss by evaporation, which was likely related to the increase in surface casting activity. To conclude, this study stresses the importance of considering interactions between earthworms in soil and the need to confirm our findings under natural conditions.
•The two species had contrasting belowground activities but similar surface activities.•Anecics had a larger impact on water infiltration than endogeics.•Only the endogeics increased soil water evaporation and decreased soil moisture.•Interactions increased surface activity and decreased the depth of burrows.•The two species together had a positive effect on soil resistance to water loss by evaporation.
Nelarabine is a nucleoside analog critical for the treatment of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. However, clinical peripheral and central neurologic adverse events ...associated with nelarabine administration have been reported. Neuroimaging of brain neurotoxicity has only been described in very few reports in pediatric patients so far. Six children with diagnosed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who clinically experienced possible, probable, or definite nelarabine-induced toxicity and underwent spine and/or brain MR imaging were reviewed. Neuroimaging findings showed a mixture of patterns including features of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (seen in 6 cases), posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (2 cases), involvement of deep gray structures (1 case) and brainstem (2 cases), cranial and spinal neuropathy (2 cases each), and myelopathy (2 cases). Even though neuroimaging findings are nonspecific, the goal of this article was to alert the pediatric neuroradiologists, radiologists, and clinicians about the possibility of nelarabine-induced neurotoxicity and its broad neuroimaging spectrum.
The production fraction of the Bc− meson with respect to the sum of B− and B¯0 mesons is measured in both 7 and 13 TeV center-of-mass (c.m.) energy pp collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider ...(LHC), using the LHCb detector. The rate, approximately 3.7 per mille, does not change with energy, but shows a transverse momentum dependence. The Bc−−Bc+ production asymmetry is also measured and is consistent with zero within the determined statistical and systematic uncertainties of a few percent.
Antiplatelet agents have a predominant role in the therapeutic treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and myocardial infarction. Recently, ticagrelor has been incorporated in the European Society ...of Cardiology guidelines for the management of ACS with ST elevation and non-ST elevation.1 The AHA/ACC guidelines further advocate the choice of ticagrelor over clopidogrel in patients with ACS with non-ST elevation treated with an early invasive strategy.2 In fact, major studies have proven the benefits of ticagrelor on cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke without an increase in major bleeding risk
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