The sport of motor racing provides various public health messages and impacts. Positive messages include road safety campaigns aimed at discouraging drink driving. Negative messages include the ...sponsorship of racing teams by cigarette companies. Locating motorsport events in significant public places can magnify any health messages or impacts of motorsport in two ways. First, the total local impact of the motor racing events (e.g. through pollution or disruption to healthy modes of transport) is greater in city street circuits than in dedicated racing circuits away from urban areas. Second, the symbolic characteristics of locations with special significance and meaning can enhance the impacts on health by adding legitimacy to the events, thus helping to promote products or activities that either undermine or support public health. This paper explores the health messages and impacts of major motorsport events in Australia, and argues that the distinctive geographies of Australian motorsport work to exacerbate the negative impacts of motorsport on public health.
Drawing on the findings of an ARC funded project, 'Children's Environments and the Role of School Grounds for Enhancing Environmental Cognition', this paper explores the question: What is the role of ...school grounds as sites for teaching and learning? Observation and interview data for five Australian primary schools displayed large differences between schools in the types of play that 8- to 10-year-old children engaged in. In particular, play behaviours categorised as involving environmental cognition were not observed at all in one school, yet were the dominant play behaviour observed in another. The paper explores the relative importance of the school ground environment and the (outdoor) educational philosophy adopted by the school.
We examined the impact of an intervention on the playfulness of 5- to 7-year-old children who are developing typically. Materials that had no defined purpose were placed on a school playground for 11 ...weeks. The Test of Playfulness (ToP) was used to compare videotaped play segments pre- and postintervention. Teachers who did playground duty were interviewed regarding changes in play. ToP data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. Interview data were analyzed for themes. ToP scores were significantly higher after intervention (Z= -1.94; p = .025, one-tailed; Cohen's d = 0.55). Teachers reported that children were more social, creative, and resilient when the materials were on the playground. Children who were creative, rather than very physically capable, became leaders in activity. Our results revealed a potential role for occupational therapists with typically developing children in schools. This finding has clear implications for children with disability.
Life in the Fast Lane Tranter, Paul J.; Lowes, Mark
Journal of sport and social issues,
05/2009, Letnik:
33, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The article explores links between sport and health, focusing on a range of health outcomes of staging motorsport megaevents in significant public spaces in Australian cities. The article argues that ...an oversimplification of the links between sport and health produces a cultural filter that diverts attention from the negative health outcomes of sport. A major contribution of this study is the consideration of economic health and environmental health as well as public health. The interactions between these types of health are considered in a more holistic assessment of links between sport and health. The article concludes that the symbolic location of motorsport events in Australian cities both reflects and reinforces societal values that have important implications for health, both now and into the future.
A new inorganic ion exchange composite consisting of ammonium molybdophosphate, (NH
4
)
3
P(Mo
3
O
10
)
4
·3H
2
O (AMP), synthesized within hollow aluminosilicate microspheres (AMP-C) has been ...developed. Two different batches of the sorbent were produced resulting in 20% and 25% AMP loading for two and three loading cycles, respectively. The selective cesium exchange capacity of this inorganic composite was evaluated using simulated sodium bearing waste solution as a surrogate for the acidic tank waste currently stored at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Equilibrium isotherms obtained from these experiments were very favorable for cesium uptake and indicated maximum cesium loading of approximately 9% by weight of dry AMP. Batch kinetic experiments were also performed to obtain the necessary data to estimate the effective diffusion coefficient for cesium in the sorbent particle. These experiments resulted in effective intraparticle cesium diffusivity coefficients of 4.99 × 10
−8
cm
2
/min and 4.72 × 10
−8
cm
2
/min for the 20% and 25% AMP-C material, respectively.
Reports on the progress of a 6-year program commenced in July 1983. Nests are examined periodically to determine breeding success and local nest density. The chief human impact has been the clearing ...of native forest for phosphate mining, which has reduced breeding success and increased abandonment of former nesting sites. Evaluation of the parameters for developing a predictive population model will require the full program term.
Mangrove forests are highly productive, biodiverse, and carbon-dense ecosystems that support the wellbeing of millions of people. Policies that seek to protect mangroves must, therefore, aim to ...ensure the socio-economic wellbeing of local communities. A clear example of this challenge is found in the Bangladesh Sundarbans—the world’s largest protected mangrove. The Sundarbans faces several anthropogenic challenges, including overharvesting of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and expansion of shrimp aquaculture. Several initiatives have aimed to protect the diversity and extent of the Sundarbans, but little is known about the impacts of the shrimp industry on its forest-dependent communities. This study used a mixed-methods research approach to assess the: a) trends in economic, social, and environmental policy and legislative measures in Bangladesh from 1980 to 2020; b) areal expansion of shrimp aquaculture in a case study site, the Village Kalinchi, since 1980; and c) socio-economic profile of local community members. Despite recent governance trends aimed at simultaneously promoting economic, social, and environmental outcomes, approximately 91% of the agricultural lands in Village Kalinchi have been flooded to expand shrimp aquaculture. Income data shows that a small number of shrimp farm owners earn – on average – 22, 14 and 4 times more annual income than that of shrimp farm labourers, agricultural workers, and NTFP collectors, respectively. The combined loss of agricultural land and income disparity has created conditions that promote NTFPs overharvesting from the Sundarbans. Policy and legislative measures must address the shrimp industry’s impacts on local communities to reduce resource overharvesting and promote mangrove conservation.
•The Sundarbans is threatened by shrimp aquaculture and resource overharvesting.•Impacts of shrimp aquaculture on a local forest-dependent community were studied.•91% of the study site has been flooded to expand shrimp aquaculture since 1980.•Loss of agrarian land has increased the income inequality within a local community.•Policy must address the shrimp industry to balance conservation and livelihoods.
A new inorganic ion exchange composite for removing radioactive cesium from acidic waste streams has been developed. The new material consists of ammonium molybdophosphate, (NH4)3P(Mo3O10)4?3H2O ...(AMP), synthesized within hollow aluminosilicate microspheres (AMP-C), which are produced as a by-product from coal combustion. The selective cesium exchange capacity of this inorganic composite was evaluated in bench-scale column tests using simulated sodium bearing waste solution as a surrogate for the acidic tank waste currently stored at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Total cesium loading on the columns at saturation agreed very well with equilibrium values predicted from isotherm experiments performed previously. A numerical algorithm for solving the governing partial differential equations (PDE) for cesium uptake was developed using the intraparticle mass transfer coefficient obtained from previous batch kinetic experiments. Solutions to the governing equations were generated to obtain the cesium concentration at the column effluent as a function of throughput volume using the same conditions as those used for the actual column experiments. The numerical solutions of the PDE fit the column break through data quite well for all the experimental conditions in the study. The model should therefore provide a reliable prediction of column performance at larger scales.
