Mycobacterium genavense infection, a rare nontuberculous mycobacteria infection, occurs in heavily immunocompromised patients (i.e., those with advanced HIV disease, genetic disorders, or acquired ...immunologic disorders and those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy). We report a case of disseminated M. genavense infection preceding Hodgkin lymphoma in a patient without obvious risk factors for this infection.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
Knowledge regarding patients’ clinical condition at severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection is sparse. Data in the international, multicenter Lean European Open ...Survey on SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients (LEOSS) cohort study may enhance the understanding of COVID-19.
Methods
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, enrolled in the LEOSS cohort study between March 16, 2020, and May 14, 2020, were analyzed. Associations between baseline characteristics and clinical stages at diagnosis (uncomplicated vs. complicated) were assessed using logistic regression models.
Results
We included 2155 patients, 59.7% (1,287/2,155) were male; the most common age category was 66–85 years (39.6%; 500/2,155). The primary COVID-19 diagnosis was made in 35.0% (755/2,155) during complicated clinical stages. A significant univariate association between age; sex; body mass index; smoking; diabetes; cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, and kidney diseases; ACE inhibitor therapy; statin intake and an increased risk for complicated clinical stages of COVID-19 at diagnosis was found. Multivariable analysis revealed that advanced age 46–65 years: adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.73, 95% CI 1.25–2.42,
p
= 0.001; 66–85 years: aOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.36–2.74,
p
< 0.001; > 85 years: aOR 2.38, 95% CI 1.49–3.81,
p
< 0.001 vs. individuals aged 26–45 years, male sex (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01–1.50,
p
= 0.040), cardiovascular disease (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.09–1.72,
p
= 0.007), and diabetes (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04–1.69,
p
= 0.023) were associated with complicated stages of COVID-19 at diagnosis.
Conclusion
The LEOSS cohort identified age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and male sex as risk factors for complicated disease stages at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, thus confirming previous data. Further data regarding outcomes of the natural course of COVID-19 and the influence of treatment are required.
The antibiotic dalbavancin is approved for intravenous treatment of adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. This study aimed to observe the use, effectiveness, and safety of ...dalbavancin in clinical practice in Germany. It was a multicentre, prospective, and retrospective registry and consecutively enrolled patients treated with dalbavancin. Each patient was observed from the first to the last dose of dalbavancin, with a 30-day follow-up. Patient inclusion was planned for 2 years, but was terminated early due to low recruitment. All analyses were descriptive. Between November 2018 and December 2019, nine patients were enrolled. Only three patients were treated for the approved indication. Outcome was assessed by the physicians as 'success' in five (55.6%) patients, 'failure' in one (11.1%) patient, and non-evaluable in three (33.3%) patients. Although the success rate of dalbavancin was lower than reported previously, this may be due to the severity of underlying infections and patients' high Charlson Comorbidity Index. None of the two reported adverse events were considered related to dalbavancin. These findings were in line with real-world data for dalbavancin from other countries, supporting the drug's positive benefit-risk profile and suggesting frequent off-label use in German routine practice.
Zusammenfassung
Respiratorische Viren verursachen jährlich die höchste Anzahl von Krankheits- und Todesfällen unter allen Infektionserregern. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die aktuelle ...Epidemiologie, Pathogenese, Risikofaktoren und medikamentöse Therapie des Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), der Influenza-Viren, des respiratorischen Synzytialvirus (RSV) und anderer respiratorischer Viren erörtert. Das SARS-CoV‑2 und die Influenza-Viren sind impfpräventabel, und seit 08/2023 steht ein erster Impfstoff gegen RSV zur Verfügung. Bei Infektionen mit dem SARS-CoV‑2 und Influenza-Viren wird zudem eine stadiengerechte (antivirale) medikamentöse Therapie empfohlen. Aufgrund der hohen und landläufig unterschätzten Krankheitslast durch RSV bleibt hier auf künftige antivirale Substanzen zu hoffen. Insbesondere bei Risikopatienten sollte auf ausreichenden Impfstatus gegen respiratorische Erreger geachtet werden, und bei klinischem Verdacht auf eine virale Atemwegsinfektion sollten zeitnah ein Erregernachweis und ggf. eine spezifische Therapie erfolgen. Nachdem effektive Impfungen und Virostatika verfügbar sind, besteht nun die Herausforderung darin, diese für alle Risikopatienten zu nutzen sowie vermeidbare Infektionen, schwere Verläufe und Langzeitfolgen wirklich zu verhindern.
Abstract
Group B
Streptococcus
(GBS) disease is a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections among neonates. We present the case of an 11-day-old neonate with septic arthritis as a rare ...presentation of late-onset disease (LOD) with a favorable short-term outcome. GBS is a leading cause of neonatal infection. Early-onset disease (EOD) is defined as infection from birth to 6 days of age, while LOD occurs from 7 days to approximately 3 months of age. EOD is acquired through vertical transmission and can be reduced through application of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). LOD can be acquired from the mother or from environmental sources, unlikely to be prevented by IAP. The most common presentation of EOD is bacteremia (83%), pneumonia (9%), and meningitis (7%). While the clinical picture in both EOD and LOD frequently resembles in LOD hamatogenous spreading may predispose neonates to present with uncommon organ manifestation other than the classic systemic signs of sepsis, for example, septic arthritis. Herein, we report on the management and outcome of a term neonate with late onset GqBS bacteremia and subtle clinical symptoms of septic monoarthritis.
RATIONALE:Complementation of pluripotency genes may improve adult stem cell functions.
OBJECTIVES:Here we show that clonally expandable, telomerase expressing progenitor cells can be isolated from ...peripheral blood of children. The surface marker profile of the clonally expanded cells is distinct from hematopoietic or mesenchymal stromal cells, and resembles that of embryonic multipotent mesoangioblasts. Cell numbers and proliferative capacity correlated with donor age. Isolated circulating mesoangioblasts (cMABs) express the pluripotency markers Klf4, c-Myc, as well as low levels of Oct3/4, but lack Sox2. Therefore, we tested whether overexpression of Sox2 enhances pluripotency and facilitates differentiation of cMABs in cardiovascular lineages.
METHODS AND RESULTS:Lentiviral transduction of Sox2 (Sox-MABs) enhanced the capacity of cMABs to differentiate into endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes in vitro. Furthermore, the number of smooth muscle actin positive cells was higher in Sox-MABs. In addition, pluripotency of Sox-MABs was shown by demonstrating the generation of endodermal and ectodermal progenies. To test whether Sox-MABs may exhibit improved therapeutic potential, we injected Sox-MABs into nude mice after acute myocardial infarction. Four weeks after cell therapy with Sox-MABs, cardiac function was significantly improved compared to mice treated with control cMABs. Furthermore, cell therapy with Sox-MABs resulted in increased number of differentiated cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells in vivo.
CONCLUSIONS:The complementation of Sox2 in Oct3/4-, Klf4-, and c-Myc-expressing cMABs enhanced the differentiation into all 3 cardiovascular lineages and improved the functional recovery after acute myocardial infarction.
PDF
