The Russian-Ukrainian war brings many economic and social challenges. Among other, it causes turmoil in the global
energy and food markets, affects the functioning of global food systems and ...threatens food security. Ukraine and Russia
are important global exporters of cereals, oilseeds, fossil fuels, and mineral fertilizers. The war disrupts the flow of
these goods to the world market, which has greatly increased their prices and in some countries caused food shortages.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the war on food chains in Slovenia. For this purpose, the
self-sufficiency in cereals, the agri-food trade between Slovenia and the two countries at war, and the prices of some
agricultural commodities and inputs were analysed. The results show that the import of agri-food products from Ukraine
and Russia to Slovenia is not significant, but the negative effects of the war are felt nevertheless. These are shown
mainly through the rising prices of production inputs, as well as uncertain political and economic developments, which
affect stakeholders along the entire food chains. Due to various factors, the world prices of agricultural inputs and
commodities were already at a very high level even before the Russian invasion, and additional pressure on prices was
caused by the outbreak of war. The European Union, which is Slovenia’s main trading partner, covers domestic needs for
most agricultural products through production, so there is no threat of food shortages. Nevertheless, food affordability
remains a major concern due to high market prices and inflationary trends.
The Russian-Ukrainian war brings many economic and social challenges. Among other, it causes turmoil in the global energy and food markets, affects the functioning of global food systems and ...threatens food security. Ukraine and Russia are important global exporters of cereals, oilseeds, fossil fuels, and mineral fertilizers. The war disrupts the flow of these goods to the world market, which has greatly increased their prices and in some countries caused food shortages. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the war on food chains in Slovenia. For this purpose, the self-sufficiency in cereals, the agri-food trade between Slovenia and the two countries at war, and the prices of some agricultural commodities and inputs were analysed. The results show that the import of agri-food products from Ukraine and Russia to Slovenia is not significant, but the negative effects of the war are felt nevertheless. These are shown mainly through the rising prices of production inputs, as well as uncertain political and economic developments, which affect stakeholders along the entire food chains. Due to various factors, the world prices of agricultural inputs and commodities were already at a very high level even before the Russian invasion, and additional pressure on prices was caused by the outbreak of war. The European Union, which is Slovenia's main trading partner, covers domestic needs for most agricultural products through production, so there is no threat of food shortages. Nevertheless, food affordability remains a major concern due to high market prices and inflationary trends.
The paper analyses targeting and spatial impacts of investment support on agricultural holdings in Slovenia within the national Rural Development Plan for the period 2007-2013. The measure ...Modernisation of agricultural holdings primarily tackles the problem of low labour productivity in Slovenian agriculture. Achievement of the stated objective of productivity enhancement in agriculture is monitored by the relevant Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework indicator, standard output (i.e. approximated revenue) per annual work unit SO/AWU. Municipalities (LAU2) are the territorial units of the analysis. Non-spatial and spatial econometric models are developed in order to determine to what extent the estimated labour productivity is affected by intensity of investment support and other factors (measure-specific variables, agricultural structures, socio-economic conditions and geographical conditions). Effectiveness of spatial targeting has been analysed by testing the assumption of a positive relationship between the intensity of implementation of the analysed measure and the productivity. The presence of spatial effects (spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity) has been examined by including the spatial weight matrix to the ordinary least squares regression. The results confirm a positive relationship between farm investment support and agricultural labour productivity and spatial spillovers in agricultural labour productivity.
The paper presents results of a spatial analysis of agri-environmental (A-E) measures in Slovenia. Spatial targeting and spatial patterns of A-E schemes are analyzed by a combination of exploratory ...spatial data analysis and spatial econometrics. Results suggest that A-E schemes in Slovenia are poorly spatially targeted against environmental priorities and needs in terms of water and biodiversity protection. This can be attributed to the fact that the most widely implemented A-E schemes in the country are implemented horizontally, with no spatially explicit criteria. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis reveals spatial clusters of participation in A-E schemes, which is additionally confirmed by the results of the spatial econometric analysis. Participation in A-E schemes in general decreases with the average farm size of the area, and increases with per hectare CAP Pillar I payment rights and EAFRD payments. On the other hand, results of the spatial econometric analysis suggest that participation in organic farming appears to be a rational choice in areas with prevailing extensive, grassland-based farming. Results therefore suggest that farms maximize revenues from A-E schemes. Spatial clustering of areas with respect to the participation in A-E schemes occurs also in the absence of explicit spatial targeting and is closely linked with potential revenues from this source.
The paper presents results of a spatial analysis of agri-environmental (A-E) measures in Slovenia. Spatial targeting and spatial patterns of A-E schemes are analyzed by a combination of exploratory ...spatial data analysis and spatial econometrics. Results suggest that A-E schemes in Slovenia are poorly spatially targeted against environmental priorities and needs in terms of water and biodiversity protection. This can be attributed to the fact that the most widely implemented A-E schemes in the country are implemented horizontally, with no spatially explicit criteria. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis reveals spatial clusters of participation in A-E schemes, which is additionally confirmed by the results of the spatial econometric analysis. Participation in A-E schemes in general decreases with the average farm size of the area, and increases with per hectare CAP Pillar I payment rights and EAFRD payments. On the other hand, results of the spatial econometric analysis suggest that participation in organic farming appears to be a rational choice in areas with prevailing extensive, grassland-based farming. Results therefore suggest that farms maximize revenues from A-E schemes. Spatial clustering of areas with respect to the participation in A-E schemes occurs also in the absence of explicit spatial targeting and is closely linked with potential revenues from this source.
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